Diencephalon

Question 1

parts of diencephalon

Answer 1

thalamus
hypothalamus
epithalamus
subthalamus

Question 2

epithalamus

Answer 2

pineal gland

Question 3

subthalamus fxn

Answer 3

play a role in indirect basal gang path

Question 4

parts of thalamus (to know)

Answer 4

VA
VL
VPL
VPM
ant nuc
mediodorsal nuc
lat geniculate body
med geniculate body

Question 5

hypothalamus fxns

Answer 5

homeostasis
endocrine
autonomic
limbic

Question 6

hypothalamus regulates

Answer 6

temp control
sleep
H2O balance
hormone secretion
BP
feeding
ANS
emotional processes (in memory)

Question 7

hypo nuclei –> PP

Answer 7

paraventricular nuc

supraoptic nuc

Question 8

nuclei of hypo affecting AP

Answer 8

arcuate nucleus

Question 9

anterior hypo parts

Answer 9

paraventricular
ant and preoptic areas
supraoptic nucleus
suprachiasmatic nuc

Question 10

paraventricular nuc fxn

Answer 10

secrete oxytocin, ADH

Question 11

ant and preoptic area fxn

Answer 11

heat/cold response

Question 12

supraoptic nuc fxn

Answer 12

secrete oxytocin, ADH

Question 13

suprachiasmatic nuc

Answer 13

circadian rhythms

Question 14

preoptic nuc fxn

Answer 14

regulate release of GnHs

induce non REM sleep

Question 15

preoptic nuc male vs female

Answer 15

big in males (make gametes constantly)

vary in size during female cycle

Question 16

preoptic nuc lesion

Answer 16

after pubery - amenorrhea or impotence

Question 17

suprachiasmatic nuc to and from

Answer 17

input from optic tract
go to LGB and pretectal nuc
regulate pineal gland

Question 18

paraventricular/supraoptic nuc neuron type

Answer 18

magnocellular

Question 19

periventricular/arcuate nuc neuron types

Answer 19

parvocellular

Question 20

hypophyseal veins drain to…

Answer 20

cavernous sinus

Question 21

tuberal region parts

Answer 21

lateral hypothalamic zone
ventromedial nuc
arcuate nuc

Question 22

lat hypothalamic zone fxn

Answer 22

feeding center

Question 23

lat hypothalamic zonr lesion

Answer 23

aphagia

Question 24

ventromedial nuc fxn

Answer 24

satiety nuc

regulate food intake

Question 25

ventromedial nuc lesion

Answer 25

obesity

Question 26

arcuate nuc fxn

Answer 26

make releasing hormones and inhibitory factors most releasing dopamine is inhibitor

Question 27

suproptic nuc lesion

Answer 27

diabetes insipidus | polydipsia, polyuria

Question 28

mammillary body fxns

Answer 28

part of memory/limbic

Question 29

causes of mamm body damage

Answer 29

thiamine deficiency (alcoholics)

Question 30

thiamine def -->

Answer 30

degeneration of dorsomedial nuc of thalamus and mamm bodies, hippocampus and vermis (Cb)

Question 31

pineal gland cells

Answer 31

pinealocytes and glial cells

Question 32

pinealocyte production

Answer 32

melatonin serotonin cholecystokinin

Question 33

pineal lesions

Answer 33

young males --> precocious puberty (pineal may make antigonadotropic factor)

Question 34

parinaud syndrome

Answer 34

impairment of conjugate vertical gaze (sup colliculi) | pupilary reflex abnormalities (pretectal area)

Question 35

pineal tumors

Answer 35

may cause CSF obstruction --> up intracranial P --> compress pretectal + upper midbrain (sup colliculi)

Question 36

pineal calcification

Answer 36

most common site of calcification in CNS