Brainstem Flashcards
What makes up the brainstem ( 3 )
Midbrain
Pons
Medulla Oblongata
Rostrally what is it continuous with
The diencephalon
What is the role of the brainstem ( 3 )
Basic Attention
Arousal
Consciousness
In the superior colliculi, you can find the ( visual / auditory centre )
Visual
The cerebral peduncles are divided by the substantial migrant into two structures and they are
Crus cerebri ( ant ) Tegmentum ( post )
What kind of cells line the cerebral aqueduct
Ependymal cells
What is the region posterior to the aqueduct
Tectum
What kind of afferent fibres do you find in the superior colliculi?
Corticotectal Fibers
What and where is the red nucleus
It is a grey matter mass between cerebral aqueduct and Substantia Nigra
How does the red nucleus pass its fibres to the spinal cord
What is the red nucleus involved in
Via the rubrospinal tract
Involved in motor control
What kind of information does the inferior colliculi receive
It receives auditory information
Describe the auditory pathway ( how it starts from afferent auditory fibre to the auditory cortex )
Auditory Afferent Inferior Colliculus Efferent Fibre Thalamus Auditory cortex of Temporal Lobe
Where do you find the substantia nigra
What do you find in the substantia nigra
Between the crus cerebri and tegmenjtum
Dopaminergic neurons
What makes up the reticular formation?
It is made up of a complex mass of neurons
What makes up the rostral RF and what does it do
Rostral RF is made up of the midbrain and upper pons
Acts to maintain alert conscious state
What makes up the caudal RF and what does it do
Caudal RF is made up of pons and medulla
Controls motor, reflex and autonomic function
What are the 3 longitudinal columns that makes up the RF
Median Raphe Nuclei
Paramedian RF
Lateral RF
What does the Raphe Nuclei do
Sleep Regulation
Where does the RF extend from and what does it go through
Extends from spinal cord
Goes through medulla, pons, midbrain and diencephalon
What does the pons do
It is involved in the control of respiration
What kind of centers do you find in the medulla oblongata
Cardiovascular centres ( Cardiac and Vasomotor ) Respiratory rhythmicity centers
With respect to the 4th ventricle,
What forms the upper half of it
What forms the lower half of it
What forms the roof
Upper half : Pons
Lower half : Medulla
Roof : Superior Medullary Velum
What supplies the Midbrain
Post Cerebral Artery
Post Communicating Artery
What supplies the Pons
Anterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery
Superior Cerebellar Artery
