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GOATED BRS > Brainstem+Cranial nerves > Flashcards

Brainstem+Cranial nerves Flashcards

1
Q

What is CN I

A

Olfactory

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2
Q

What is CN II

A

Optic

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3
Q

What is CN III

A

Oculomotor

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4
Q

What is CN IV

A

Trochlear

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5
Q

What is CN V

A

Trigeminal

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6
Q

What is CN VI

A

Abducens

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7
Q

What is CN VII

A

Facial

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8
Q

What is CN VIII

A

Vestibulocochlear

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9
Q

What is CN IX

A

Glossopharyngeal

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10
Q

What is CN X

A

Vagus

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11
Q

What is CN XI

A

Accessory

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12
Q

What is CN XII

A

Hypoglossal

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13
Q

What structures are present in the brainstem

A

Midbrain, pons medulla

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14
Q

What structures are present in the diencephalon

A

Hypothalamus, Thalamus

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15
Q

What structures make up the hindbrain?

A

Pons, Cerebellum, Medulla

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16
Q

How is the cerebellum connected to the brainstem?

A

3 peduncles(White fibre tracts)

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17
Q

How many CN have nuclei in the brainstem?

A

9 of the 12(All except I, II and XI)

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18
Q
A

Ventricular system

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19
Q
A

Tectum

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20
Q
A

Tegmentum

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21
Q
A

Base

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22
Q

Where is the pons, medulla and midbrain?

A
23
Q
A

Trochlear nerve

24
Q
A

Dorsal columns

25
Q
A

Top-Bottom:
Pineal gland
Superior colliculus
Inferior colliculus

26
Q
A

Cerebral peduncle

27
Q
A

Medullary pyramids

Pyramid decussation

28
Q
A

Optic chiasm

Pituitary stalk

Mammillary body

29
Q

What descending tracts go through the cerebellar peduncles?

A

Corticobulbar and corticospinal

30
Q

Which cranial nerve nuclei are not found in the brainstem?

A

I, II, XI

31
Q

What nerves emerge from the brainstem at the midbrain level?

A

III and IV

32
Q

What nerves emerge from the brainstem at the level of the pons?

A

V-VIII

33
Q

What nerves emerge at the level of the medulla?

A

IX, X, XII

34
Q

Which vessels is the anterior supply derived from and which part of the brain do they supply?

A

Internal carotid system-Most of the cerebral hemispheres

35
Q

Which vessels is the posterior supply derived from and which part of the brain do they supply?

A

Vetebrobasilar system-Brainstem

36
Q

What structure do you have at the posterior section of the brainstem at the midbrain level

A

Superior(Visual) and Inferior(Auditory) colliculi

37
Q

Why is the upper medulla deemed ‘open’

A

The 4th ventricle has no roof at this level

38
Q

Why is the lower medulla deemed ‘closed’

A

The 4th ventricle has tapered down and closed to form the central canal

39
Q

Branches of which blood vessel system is most of the brainstem supplied by?

A

The vetebrobasilar system

40
Q

Which of the anterior and posterior surfaces of the medulla has the pyramids and which has the dorsal columns?

A

Anterior-Pyramid
Posterior-Dorsal Columns

41
Q

How can cranial nerves be grouped?

A

According to their function

42
Q

Function of general somatic afferent nerves?

A

Fibres carry general sensation from skin, muscles, joints of head and neck

43
Q

Function of general somatic efferent nerves?

A

Fibres innervate skeletal muscle

44
Q

Function of general visceral afferent nerves?

A

Fibres carry sensation from viscera of head, neck, thorax and abdomen

45
Q

Function of general visceral efferent nerves?

A

Fibres are the preganglionic parasympathetic neurons to cranial, thoracic and abdominal viscera

46
Q

Function of special somatic afferent nerves?

A

Fibres that carry special senses of hearing and balance

47
Q

Function of special visceral afferent nerves?

A

Fibres that carry taste sensations

48
Q

Function of special visceral efferent nerves?

A

Innervate muscles of the jaw, face, larynx and pharynx

49
Q

What are the 2 general structures in the forebrain?

A

Diencephalon
Cerebral hemispheres

50
Q

What are the major structures in the hindbrain?

A

Pons
Cerebellum
Medulla

51
Q

Which spinal tracts decussates in the medulla?

A

Corticospinal tract
Dorsal columns(Synapse in the thalamus)

52
Q

Where can you find the inferior olivary nucleus?

A

In the anterior portion of the upper medulla

53
Q

Which of the upper and lower medulla are open and closed?

A

Upper is open
Lower is closed

GOATED BRS (57 decks)

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