breast one Flashcards
(44 cards)
what is a Supranumerary nipple?
an extra nipple that occurs along milk line
most common inflammatory disease of the breast is
Acute Mastitis
describe Acute Mastitis
common inflammatory disease of the breast, usually affecting women who are lactating and is caused by purulent bacteria, such as Staph or Strept
importance of stagnant milk
provides a good growth medium for the bacteria
acute mastitis is marked by infiltration of what?
PMNs and other inflammatory cells
treatment of acute mastitis
If infection persists, antibiotics may be indicated
If an abscess persists, an incision to relieve the pus is needed.
hemorrhage with central fat necrosis which later forms a nodule of gray-white firm tissue with foci of chalk-white debris describes what?
Fat Necrosis of the Breast
Women who have sx’s related to fibrocystic change show improvement after what?
menopause
pathogenesis of Fibrocystic Change of the Breast
it is related imbalances to sex hormones estrogen and progesterone because they stimulate the proliferation of cells in the excretory ducts of the breast and the intralobular storma
Fibrocystic Changes of the Breast
dense fibrosis
cystic dilation of ducts
ductal proliferative changes
what is normal loose intralobular connective tissue is replaced by in Fibrocystic Changes of the Breast
dense connective tissue, rich in collagen, unresponsive to hormones
ductal epithelium continues to proliferate because
it is still responsiveness to hormones unlike dense connective tissue . The dilated ducts may become entrapped in the dense connective tissue stroma, leading to the formation of cysts
what is Atypical Epithelial Hyperplasia
Epithelial hyperplasia becomes multilayered with atypical nuclear change
this is related to the development of carcinoma
more severe and atypical the hyperplasia, the greater the risk
are fibrocystic changes usually limited to one breast?
no they usually effect both breast
Benign Tumors of the Breast Fibroadenomas are the most common _____?
well encapsulated gray white benign tumors
what are fibroadenomas of the breast composed of
composed of two components: fibrous stroma and glandular epithelium.
do fibroadenomas reoccur?
no usually
what Presents clinically as a serous or bloody discharge from the nipple
intraductal papilloma
how to treat Intraductal Papilloma
complete excision of the duct
more than two Intraductal Papillomas increases risk for
papillary carcinomas
age for breast cancer
35 to peak at 60
breast cancer risk factors
sex, age, race, genetics, hormonal, presence of other cancer, Premalignant Fibrocystic Changes and Multiple Intraductal Papillomatosis, other causes
others causes that may lead to breast cancer
obesity high fat diet and moderate alcohol consumption
Most malignant breast tumors are of ______ origin
epithelial origin and are therefore Carcinomas
