female one

Question 1

most common pathogen responsible for PID

Answer 1

N. gonorrhea

Question 2

after postpartum endometritis, abortion, or IUD insertion what disorder may occur

Answer 2

PID

Question 3

patients with PID usually present with

Answer 3

lower abdominal pain, pain when cervix is manipulated and bilateral adnexal tenderness

Question 4

what are 3 complication of PID

Answer 4

tubooovarian abscess rupture
increase rate of ectopic pregnancy
and scarring leading to infertility

Question 5

which organisms commonly leads to bacterial genital infections

Answer 5

N. gonorrhea, Gardnerella vaginalis, Treponema pallidum

also Granuloma inguinale, Chancroid, and Mycoplasma

Question 6

Treponema pallidum is referred to as

Answer 6

syphilis

Question 7

which pathogens commonly leads to viral infections

Answer 7

herpes simplex, and HPV

also CMV and Molluscum contagiosum.

Question 8

viral infections typically affect what

Answer 8

the vulva vagina or cervix

Question 9

what do fungal infections usually cause and what pathogen usually cause this

Answer 9

vulvovaginitis, Candida albicans

Question 10

which pathogens are obligate intracellular organisms sharing features of both bacteria and viruses that cause general infection

Answer 10

C. trachomatis

Question 11

trichomonad vaginalis are what and what do they affect

Answer 11

protozoan that typically only effect vagina

Question 12

presentations of genital infections

Answer 12

itching, pain, ulcers or blisters or chancres causing discomfort – local symptoms
Systemic symptoms such as fever, malaise, along with possible peritonitis & sepsis are common if bacteria enters abdominal cavity

Question 13

now the most common venereal disease in the U.S

Answer 13

HPV

Question 14

urethritis and dysuria may be due to

Answer 14

chlamydia infection

Question 15

what do Bartholin Gland produce

Answer 15

clear mucoid for lubrication

Question 16

Bartholin Gland cyst are most common caused by what pathogens

Answer 16

staph, chlamydia and anaerobes

Question 17

treatment of Bartholin Gland cyst

Answer 17

incision and drainage and antibiotics

Question 18

describe Lichen Sclerosis

Answer 18

abnormal growth of vulvar skin usually seen in middle aged and older women
slow to develop

Question 19

Lichen Sclerosis is characterized by

Answer 19

while plaques
atrophy of the skin
and parchment like consistency to the skin

Question 20

Lichen Sclerosis histologically

Answer 20

hyperkeratosis loss of rate ridges and homogenous acellular dermal zone

Question 21

carcinoma of the vulva clinical presentation

Answer 21

itching discomfort pain bleeding

Question 22

carcinoma of the vulva is typically a ___ _____ carcinoma that is slow growing

Answer 22

squamous cell carcinoma

Question 23

carcinoma of the vulva treatment

Answer 23

surgical resection of entire vulva with radiation therapy and chemo

Question 24

carcinoma of the vagina is typically a ___ _____

Answer 24

squamous cell carcinoma

Question 25

which carcinoma accounts for over 90% of all primary malignant tumors of the vagina

Answer 25

carcinoma of the vagina

Question 26

DES exposure may lead to what?

Answer 26

Clear Cell Adenocarcinoma (rare)

Question 27

where do Clear Cell Adenocarcinoma develop and in which age group is it likely to be seen

Answer 27

anterior wall of the upper third of the vagina | age 17 to 22

Question 28

why is the Clear Cell Adenocarcinoma clear?

Answer 28

abundant glycogen

Question 29

what is a rare vaginal tumor in children that appears as confluent polypoid masses that extend from the introitus of the vagina

Answer 29

Embryonal Rhabdomyosarcoma( Sarcoma Botryoides)

Question 30

how are Embryonal Rhabdomyosarcoma(Sarcoma Botryoides) usually found

Answer 30

spotting of the diaper

Question 31

treatment of Embryonal Rhabdomyosarcoma(Sarcoma Botryoides)

Answer 31

wide excision of the tumor and chemo

Question 32

Embryonal Rhabdomyosarcoma(Sarcoma Botryoides) develops from which cell from which area

Answer 32

primitive spindle rhabdomyoblasts in the Cambium layer

Question 33

Embryonal Rhabdomyosarcoma(Sarcoma Botryoides) develops from which cell from which area

Answer 33

primitive spindle rhabdomyoblasts in the Cambium layer

Question 34

normal squamocolumnar junction is the anatomical junction of

Answer 34

squamous and the mucinous epithelia

Question 35

with age the mucinous columnar epithelium undergoes

Answer 35

squamous metaplasia, a process by which the columnar epithelium is replaced into stratisfied squamous epithelium

Question 36

most common pathogens causing cervicitis

Answer 36

strept and staph but Chlamydia, Neisseria, and Herpes may also cause cervicitis

Question 37

what does acute cervicitis look like

Answer 37

red, swollen, and edematous, with copious amounts of pus dripping from the external or internal os

Question 38

acute cervicitis has extensive infiltrates of

Answer 38

PMN leukocytes and there is stomal edema

Question 39

what does chronic cervicitis look like

Answer 39

redid and hyperemic, erosion of the epithelium may also be seen

Question 40

chronic cervicitis has extensive infiltrates of

Answer 40

lymphocytes and plasma cells with focal lymphoid follicles

Question 41

4 possible risk factors for cervical cancer

Answer 41

1. Sexual intercourse at an early age. 2. Multiple sex partners 3. Evidence of HPV infection 4. Other venereal diseases, such as Herpes or Syphilis

Question 42

cervical cancer is typically a ___ _____ cancer

Answer 42

squamous cell

Question 43

why would the transformation zone widen?

Answer 43

cervical trauma and infection | proliferating cells in this zone are more susceptible to viral infections

Question 44

Carcinoma In-Situ is limited to

Answer 44

the basement membrane

Question 45

how are cervical cancer lesions removed

Answer 45

removed surgically with a knife, laser, or cryo-therapy, so invasive cancer may be prevented

Question 46

HPV and cervical cancer

Answer 46

Viral studies show 50% of all CIN lesions contain Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) lesions present with Koilocytes mainly types 16 and 18

Question 47

what Toolis used to identify mucosal abnormalities and tortuosity of the vessels

Answer 47

colposcope

Question 48

symptoms of advances carcinoma of the cervix

Answer 48

purulent and foul-smelling discharge urinary urgency and obstruction no pain unless extensive spread

Question 49

what is a common cause of death in those with carcinoma of the cervix

Answer 49

renal failure

Question 50

endometrial tissue that forms tumor-like nodules encased in normal connective tissue outside the uterus describes what disorder

Answer 50

Endometriosis

Question 51

what are foci of Endometriosis composed od

Answer 51

endometrial glands and stroma | respond to estrogenic stimulation proliferate with the normal endometrium

Question 52

regurgitation theory

Answer 52

the endometrial tissue is regurgitated during normal menstruation and, instead of entering the vagina, it is transferred upstream where it enters the abdominal cavity through the fallopian tubes. The glands implant on the serosa of the ovary or the peritoneum, forming typical red-brown nodules or plaques location of endometriosis near the FT supports this

Question 53

how to suppress Endometriosis and reduce associated inferitily

Answer 53

BCP

Question 54

common (mainly) benign tumors originating from the smooth muscle cells of the myometrium describes which disorder

Answer 54

leiomyomas, 20% of women of RA have them and they are more common in black women