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Acute Care > Breathing Patterns > Flashcards

Breathing Patterns Flashcards

1
Q

apnea

A

lack of airflow to the lungs for >15 secs

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2
Q

conditions associated with apnea

A

airway obstruction
cardiopulmonary arrest
alterations of the respiratory center
narcotic overdose

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3
Q

orthopnea

A

dyspnea that occurs supine

relief with sitting or standing

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4
Q

conditions associated with orthopnea

A

chronic lung disease

CHF

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5
Q

bradypnea

A

ventilation rate <12 breaths per minute

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6
Q

conditions associated with bradypnea

A

use of sedatives, narcotics or alcohol
neurologic or metabolic disorders
excessive fatigue

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7
Q

tachypnea

A

ventilation rate >20 breaths per min

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8
Q

conditions associated with tachypnea

A 
acute respiratory distress
fever
pain
emotions
anemia
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9
Q

hyperpnea

A

increased depth of ventilation

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10
Q

conditions associated with hyperpnea

A

activity
pulmonary infections
CHF

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11
Q

hyperventilation

A

increased rate and depth of ventilation resulting in PCO2

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12
Q

conditions associated with hyperventilation

A

anxiety
nervousness
metabolic acidosis

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13
Q

hypoventilation

A

decreased rate and depth of ventilation resulting in increased PCO2

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14
Q

conditions associated with hypoventilation

A

sedation or somnolence
neurologic depression of respiratory centers
overmedication
metabolic alkalosis

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15
Q

biot’s respirations

A

constant increased rate and depth of respiration followed by periods of apnea of varying lengths

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16
Q

conditions associated with biot’s respirations

A

elevated ICP

meningitis

17
Q

cheyne-stokes respirations

A

increasing depth of ventilatin followed by a periof of apnea

18
Q

conditions associated with cheyne-stokes respirations

A

elevated ICP
CHF
narcotic overdose

19
Q

kussmaul respirations

A

increased regular rate and depth of ventilation

20
Q

conditions associated with kussmaul respirations

A

diabetic ketoacidosis

renal failure

21
Q

paradoxic ventilation

A

inward abdominal or chest wall movement with inspiration and outward movement with expiration

22
Q

conditions associated with paradoxic ventilation

A

diaphragm paralysis
ventilation muscle fatigue
chest wall trauma

23
Q

sighing respirations

A

presence of a sigh >2-3 times per minute

24
Q

conditions associated with sighing respirations

A

angina
anxiety
dyspnea

25
Q

hoovers sign

A

inward motion of the lower rib cage during inhalation

26
Q

conditions associated with hoovers sign

A

flattened diaphragm often related to decompensated or irreversible hyperinflation of the lungs

Acute Care (20 decks)

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