C - LFTs Flashcards
(45 cards)
7 functions of the liver
Intermediary metabolism
Protein synthesis
Xenobiotic metabolism
Hormone metabolism
Bile synthesis
BR metabolism and transport
Reticuloendothelial function - eg Kupffer cells
Examples of intermediary metabolism done in liver (3)
Ammonium / AAs
Lactic acid
Glycogenolysis and storage
2 examples of xenobiotic metabolism in liver
P450 enzyme system
Conjugation
Name the LFTs
AST, ALT, AFP, BR, ALP, albumin
Which LFTs are markers of damage
ALT, AST, ALP, GGT
Which LFTs are markers of synthetic function
PTT, albumin
Which LFT is a tumour marker
AFP
Where are AST / ALT found
Hepatocyte cytoplasm
What do AST / ALT do
AA metabolism
When are AST/ ALT released
Hepatocyte damage / death
Where else are AST and ALT found
Muscle
Kidney
Brain
Pancreas
Which enzyme is raised most in liver damage
ALT
Which enzyme is raised most in alcohol / cirrhosis
AST
What ratio of AST:ALT indicates severe liver cirrhosis
> 2:1
Where is GGT found (2)
Hepatocytes
Gallbladder
What causes raised GGT
Alcohol
When is ALP released
Bile duct injury
Obstructive jaundice
Where else is ALP found
Bone
SI
kidney
WBCs
Placenta
What does a really high ALP indicate
Mets
Pregnancy
What is the half life of albumin
20 days
Purpose of albumin
Increase oncontic pressure
Binds steroids / drugs / BR / calcium
What does a low albumin indicate
Chronic liver disease
Malnutrition
Sepsis - 3rd spacing
Half life of PTT
Hours
What does deranged PTT show
ACUTE liver dysfunction
