C2.1.4 - Filtration And Crystallisation Flashcards
(19 cards)
What forms when a substance dissolves in another substance?
A solution
What is the substance that dissolves?
Solute
What is the substance that the other substance dissolves in?
Solvent
What happens to a substance’s particles when it dissolves?
Its particles separate and mix with particles of the solvent
Define ‘soluble’ and ‘insoluble’
Soluble - A substance that can be dissolved
Insoluble - A substance that can’t be dissolved
What does filtration do?
Filtration separates an insoluble substance in the solid state from a liquid state
How does filtration work?
Since filter paper has very small microscopic holes, the water molecules are small enough to pass through while the solid particles aren’t.
Can you filter a solute and a liquid?
No, because the solute’s particles will be small enough to go through the filter paper
What is the residue?
The left over solid particles that couldn’t get through the filter paper
What is the filtrate?
The filtrate is the left over liquid particles that went through the filter paper
Name all the key terms during a filtration experiment
Conical flask Funnel Residue Filter paper Filtrate
What happens if you heat a solution?
The solution evaporates while the solute stays behind
What happens if you heat solutions strongly?
Powder
What happens if you heat a solution slowly?
Crystals begin to form
When do you stop beating the solution during crystallisation?
When it becomes a saturated solution
When does a solution become saturated?
When no more solute can be dissolved at that temperature
When will crystals start forming?
When the solution is saturated
What happens when the solution cools?
The solubility of the solute decreases so more crystals form
How do you separate the crystals from the solution?
Filtration and dry them in a warm oven or by patting them with a paper towel
