C4 - Humanistic psychology Flashcards
(8 cards)
1
Q
Key features
A
- Humans have free will
- We are all unique (person-centred)
- Focus on the self
- Aim is to establish congruence
2
Q
Hierarchy of needs
A
- 4 lower levels must be met before self-actualisation achieved
- Self-actualisation is the innate tendency that each of us has to want to achieve full potential
3
Q
Conditions of worth
A
- Issues such as worthlessness & low self-esteem have roots in childhood & due to lack of unconditional positive regard from parents
- Parent that sets boundaries on their love for child (conditions of worth), creates future psychological problems
4
Q
Lasting influence on counselling psychology
A
Client-centred therapy, therapist should provide
- Genuineness
- Empathy
- Unconditional positive regard
To increase self worth & reduce incongruence
5
Q
Evaluations of humanistic psychology (SSL)
A
S - Anti-reductionist
S - Positive approach
L - Guilty of a cultural bias
6
Q
Evaluations of humanistic psychology - Anti-reductionist (S)
A
- Rejects attempt to break up behaviour into smaller components
- Advocates holism, subjective experience understand by considering whole person (past, present & future etc.)
- Approach has more validity than others by considering human behaviour within real-world context
7
Q
Evaluations of humanistic psychology - Positive approach (S)
A
- Positive image of human condition, people in control of lives with freedom to change
- Freud saw humans as prisoners of past & claimed we exist between unhappiness & absolute despair
- Offers refreshing & optimistic alternative
8
Q
Evaluations of humanistic psychology - Guilty of a cultural bias (L)
A
- Many ideas (e.g. self-actualisation) more associated with individualistic cultures, e.g. US
- Collective cultures, that emphasise needs of the group, can’t identify with ideals of humanistic psychology
- Approach doesn’t apply universally & is a product of the cultural context that it was developed from
