Cancerous Lumps and Bumps Flashcards
(49 cards)
What 2 pre-cancerous lesions can evolve into Squamous Cell Cancers?
- Acitinic Keratosis
- Squamous Cell Carcinoma in Situ (e.g. Intraepidermal Carcinoma)
What type of pre-cancer is this?

Erythroplasia of Queyrat
(IEC of the glans penis)
Apart from BCC and SCC,
What are some other forms of skin cancer?
(Not including Melanoma)
- Cutaneous Lymphoma - B or T Cell Lineage.
- Merkel Cell Carcinoma
- Porocarcinoma - in immunocompromised patients.
What is the average age of?
BCC?
SCC?
BCC = 60 years
SCC = 70 years
What is the most common NMSC?
BCC
What are the risk factors for NMSC?
- Sunlight
- PUVA
- Arsenic
- HPV - anogenital and periungal SCCs.
What NMSC comes from chronic sunexposure +/- acute episodes of sunlight?
SCC
What NMSC comes from acute episodes of suburn (especially in childhood)?
BCC
What risk factors are important for oral SCC?
- Smoking
- Poor oral hygeine
What condition is this?

Xeroderma Pigmentosum
- Autosomal recessive
- Defective DNA repair
- Freckling and sunsensitivity
- Increased risk of NMSC
- Strict sun avoidance.
At what rate do Solar keratoses progress to SCC?
Only 2-5%
What % of Solar Keratoses remit?
25%
Decribe the field treatments for solar keratoses.
- Efudix (5-FU) -nightly for 3-4 weeks.
- Solaraze (Diclofenac) - nightly for 3 months
- Aldara (5% Imiquimod) - 3 times per week for 4 weeks.
- Picato (Ingenol Mebutate) - 3 days to face or 2 days to body.
Describe the treatment instructions with Efudix (5-FU) and why we would choose that?
- Nightly for 3-4 weeks
- Effective but can cause painful blisters.
Describe the treatment instructions with Solaraze (Diclofenac) and why we would choose that?
- Nightly for 3 months
- Gentle but less effecive than 5-FU
Describe the treatment instructions with Aldara (5% Imiquimod) and why we would choose that?
- 3 times per week for 4 weeks.
- Expensive
- Gentle
Describe the treatment instructions with Picato (Ingenol Mebutate) and why we would choose that?
-
Short course of treatment
- 3 days to face
- 2 days to body
- Local reactions -aggresive like 5FU
What is the management of IEC?
- Topical 5-FU
- Topical Imiquimod
-
Gentle cryotherapy
- Avoid overzealous in lower leg due to risk of ulceration.
- Curetage & Cautery
- Excision
What is the treatmentfor Erythoplasia of Queyrat?

Refer to urologist or dermatologist
- Medical treatments -5-FU or Imiquimod
- Surgical - Mohs Micrographic Surgery or CO2 laser ablation.
SCCs are more likely to metastasise on what sites of the body?
Ears or lips
If an SCC is found in a skin type of 4-6, what might this indicate?
Immunosuppression
BCCs grow slowly over months to years. How do SCCs grow?
Quickly over 6-12 weeks.
What type of biopsy is peferred?
Punch or incisional biopsy.
- Superficial shaves give diagnostic uncertainty so therefore ensure it is deep enough if done.
What SCCs are more likely to metastasize?
- 2cm diameter are 3x more likely to metastasise.
- Subcutis invasion
- Poorly differentiated
- Perineural invasion.
- Host immunosupression






