Capillaria Philippinensis

Question 1

C philippinensis

Zoonotic disease???

Answer 1

Yess

Question 2

C Philippinensis

Natural Host:
Accidental Host:

Answer 2

Fish-eating birds

Humans

Question 3

C Philippinensis

Habitat:

Answer 3

Small intestine

Question 4

CP

First infection reported by Chitwood et al. In 1963 in a____ yr. old in Northern Luzon

Answer 4

29

Question 5

CP

1966: epidemic in_______
>1000 cases,____ deaths
Common Name:_____ Worm
Cause: washing of fecally contaminated bed sheets in lagoons in Tagudin

Answer 5

Pudoc West, Tagudin, llocos Sur

77

Pudoc

Question 6

CP

1998: “mystery disease” in _______
Death of villagers due to misdiagnosis

Answer 6

Monkayo, Compostella vallery Province

Question 7

CP

Size
Male: 1.5-3.9mm long
With______ spicule

Female: 2.3-5.3mm long
______located at the junction of anterior and middle thirds

Answer 7

one unspined

Vulva

Question 8

CP

Esophagus
Rows of secretory cells called_____
Entire esophagus:_____

Answer 8

Stichocytes

Stichosome

Question 9

CP OVA

Size: 36-45 by 20um
Shape:______-shaped with striated shells and flattened bipolar plugs

Passed in feces as______ egg

Embryonayion:___ or ____

Answer 9

peanut

unembryonated

soil or water

Question 10

CP

Embryonated eggs hatch in the intestines of_____ to become infective larvae

Answer 10

fish

Question 11

CP

Mode of Transmission:

Answer 11

ingestion of raw or undercooked contaminated fish

Question 12

CP

Infective stage:

Answer 12

encysted larva in freshwater fishes or embryonated egg

Question 13

CP

First generation female worms: produce larvae to bulld up the population (______)

Subsequent generations of female worms: predominantly produce eggs (______)

Answer 13

Larviparous
Oviparous

Question 14

CP

hyperinfection??
autoinfection??

Answer 14

There is hyperinfection and autoinfection

Question 15

Intestinal villi becomes flattened
Abdominal pain and borborygmi
Chronic diarrhea: 8-10 voluminous stools per day
Protein losing enteropathy (causes hypoalbuminemia leading to edema), electrolyte imbalance, intestinal malabsorption
Weight loss, malaise, anorexia, vomiting, edema
Potentially FATAL

Answer 15

Intestinal capillariasis

Question 16

Micro-ulcers in the intestinal epithelium

Mechanical compression of intestinal cells → cellular degeneration

Answer 16

Causes of malabsorption

Question 17

LABORATORY DIAGNOSIS
_________
Direct fecal smear or wet mount
Stool concentration technique
Larva and adult worms may be seen in the feces

_________
High specificity
Detection of coproantigent prepared from stool samples of patients
_________

Answer 17

Demonstration of Ova

Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA)

Immunoblot Assay

Question 18

CP

Treatment:

Drug of choice

Alternative

Answer 18

Mebendazole 200mg BID x 20 days

Albendazole 400mg OD × 10 days

Question 19

CP

Adjunctive treatment

Answer 19

Electrolyte replacement
High protein diet

Question 20

CP

PREVENTION & CONTROL

Answer 20

Improvement of sanitation and health educational programs

Prevent indiscriminate disposal of human waste

Discourage eating raw fish

Capacity building for health personnel

Early and accurate diagnosis

Question 21

MALE CP

• Small, measuring 1.5
• to 3.9 mm in length.
• Characterized by_____ and long, non-spiny sheaths (male spicule)

Answer 21

caudal alae

Question 22

2 Types of Female Worm:

1. • larviparous (responsible for population build-up)
2. • oviparous

• NB: Both have an esophagus with secretory cells called_____ and the esophageal structure is called_____

Answer 22

Atypical Female

Typical Female

stichocytes

stichosome

Question 23

Phasmid/ Aphasmid?

Answer 23

Aphasmid

Question 24

Definitive host =
Natural host =
Intermediate host =

Answer 24

Humans (accidental)

fish-eating birds

Fishes

Question 25

Habitat

Answer 25

Small intestine

Question 26

MOT CP

Answer 26

Ingestion of raw or undercooked contaminated fish

Question 27

Source of infection CP

Answer 27

Small freshwater fish

Question 28

Infective stage CP

Answer 28

3rd stage larva

Question 29

Diagnostic stage CP

Answer 29

Egg, larva, adult in the fecal sample

Question 30

Pathogenesis & Clinical Manifestations CP

Answer 30

Intestinal capillariasis Malabsorption

Question 31

Diagnosis CP

Answer 31

1. Demonstration of characteristic eggs in the feces: ● Direct Fecal Smear (DFS) or Wet Mount ● Stool Concentration Methods ● Duodenal aspiration 2. Larva and adult stages may also be seen

Question 32

● Drug of choice =______ 200mg BID x 20 days ● Alternative =_____ 400mg OD × 10 days CP

Answer 32

Mebendazole Albendazole

Question 33

Capillaria philippinensis • Disease:

Answer 33

- Intestinal Capillariasis - Capillariasis

Question 34

Capillaria philippinensis • History: - was 1st recognized in the Philippines in_____ at PGH -_____, Ilocos Norte - 1967, epidemic in Capillariasis in Pudoc, West Tagudin, Ilocos Sur (approximately 1,300 persons became ill and____ persons died of the infection)

Answer 34

1963 Bacarra 90

Question 35

Capillaria philippinensis • Morphology: Female Worm: • Measures 2.3 to 5.3 mm in length. • Body is divided into 2 almost equal parts • Anterior: (2) • Posterior: (2)

Answer 35

• esophagus • esophageal glands • intestine • reproductive system with slightly prominent vulva

Question 36

Capillaria philippinensis • Morphology: Eggs: • similar to that of the_____ but are smaller about 42 by 20 micra usually in the single or 2segmented stage of development • more____ in shape • bipolar mucous plugs that are not protruberant • shell is thick and pitted which appear as______ hence______-shaped

Answer 36

whipworm oval striations; peanut

Question 37

Capillaria philippinensis • Life Cycle: Infective Stage - Intermediate host - Definitive host - Diagnostic Stage -

Answer 37

3 rd stage larva fishes humans egg, larva, adult in the fecal sample