Cardiac

Question 1

Cystic Medial Dgeneration/Necrosis is the most frequent pre existing histologic lesion

Answer 1

Aortic Dissection

Question 2

Characteristic appearance of the Aorta in Tertiary Syphilis

Answer 2

Tree Bark Aorta

Question 3

Blood vessel layer dissected in Dissecting Hematoma (Aortic Dissection)

Answer 3

Laminar part o Tunica Media

Question 4

Most common Varicose Vein

Answer 4

Supefricial Saphenous Vein

Question 5

Most common location of DVT (Phlebothrombosis)

Answer 5

Deep vein of the calf

Question 6

Pain on dorsiflexion of foot?

Answer 6

Homman’s sign in DVT

Question 7

Muscle frequently associated with Thoracic Outlet Syndrome

Answer 7

Spasm o Anterior Scalene muscle

Question 8

Addisson’s test?

Answer 8

Disappearance of pulse when px looks towards ipsilateral outstretched arm
- Thoracic outlet Syndrome

Question 9

Type of Obstructive lymphedema seen in Breast CA

Answer 9

Peau d’ Orange

Question 10

Primary lymphedema seen in Turners

Answer 10

Webbed neck

Question 11

Lymphedema praecox

Answer 11

Edema of calf or ankle

Females @ puberty

Question 12

Earliest lesion in artherosclerosis

Answer 12

Fatty streak

- composed of lipid filled foam cells

Question 13

3 components of an arthrrosclerotic plaque

Answer 13

Smooth muscle cell
T cell
Macrophage

Question 14

Ejection fraction in Systolic Heart Failure

Answer 14

Depressed EF (<40%)

Question 15

Heart failure with preserved EF (>40%)

Answer 15

Diastolic Heart Failure

Question 16

Heart Failure states with High Output

Answer 16

Beri beri
Anemia, usualy chronic
Thyrotoxicosis
Systemic AV Shunting

Question 17

Arryrthmia with multiple P-P intervals

Answer 17

Sinus Exit block

Question 18

Syndrome of chronotrophic incompetence with alternating bradycardia and tachycardia

Answer 18

Sick Sinus Syndrome

Question 19

Causes if bradycaria

Answer 19

Vasovagal stimulation, Increase ICP, Drugs, Sleep apnea, hypoThermia, hypOxia, hypoThyroidism

Question 20

VHD with holosystolic murmur

Answer 20

Mitral Regurg

Question 21

VHD with characterisic Parvus et tardus

Answer 21

Aortic Stenois

Question 22

Murmurs in Aortic regurgitation

Answer 22

Blowing (cooing) crescendo decrescendo
Mid systolic ejection murmur
Austin Flint Murmur -low pitched rumbling diastolic murmur

Question 23

Beck’s Triad

Answer 23

Hypotension
Neck Vein Engorgement
Muffled heart sound

Question 24

Characteristic sign in Anginal chest pain

Answer 24

Levine’s sign

-clenched fist over sternum

Question 25

Triad of Raynaud's Phenomenon, claudication and migratory siperficial vein trombophlebitis

Answer 25

Buerger's Disease ( Thombangitis Obliterans)

Question 26

Tricuspid regurgitation worsened on inspiration

Answer 26

Carvallo's sign ( Cor Pulmonale)

Question 27

Dressler's Syndrome

Answer 27

Post Cardiac MI injury | Fibrinous Pericarditis

Question 28

Most common causr of native valvular endocarditis

Answer 28

Strep viridans

Question 29

MCC of prosthetic valve Endocarditis

Answer 29

Staph epidermidis

Question 30

Organs with dual blood supply

Answer 30

Lung Liver Intestine

Question 31

Traube's sign vs Traube's syndrome

Answer 31

Traube's sign -carpopedal spasm in hypercalcemia Traube's syndrome -Pancreatic CA with Superficial Migratory Thrombophlebitis

Question 32

Earliest manifestation of Hypertensive Heart Disease

Answer 32

Increase transverse diameter of myocytes

Question 33

MC blood vessel affected by PAN? | Blood vessel NOT affected by PAN?

Answer 33

Renal > coronary > Hepatic > Mesenteric Does NOT affect the PULMONARY ARTERIES

Question 34

Assoc with Mucocutaneous Lymph node Syndrome and MC acquired heart disease in children

Answer 34

Kawasaki Disease

Question 35

Vessel not affected by Allergic Granulomatosis and Angiitis

Answer 35

Renal vessels aka Churg Strauss Syndrome

Question 36

PAN-like manifestations but with necrotizing vasculitis and granulomas with eosinophilic necrosis

Answer 36

Churg Strauss Sybdrome | Allergic Granulomatosis and Angiitis

Question 37

Necrotizing triad of Wegener's Granulomatosis

Answer 37

Necrotizing - Granulomas (acute) - Vasculitis (most prominent in lungs) - Glomerulitis / Crescentic GN (RPGN -poor prognosis)

Question 38

4 Cs in Wegener's Granulomatosis

Answer 38

C ANCA Crescent GN Cyclophosphamide Corticosteroids

Question 39

Dyspnea, left sided S3*, MR, PND, high BNP, CXR: 'bat wing' perihilar congestion

Answer 39

Left Sided Heart Failure

Question 42

Most common cause of Mycotic Aneurysm

Answer 42

Salmonella

Question 43

Neck Vein distention on inspiration

Answer 43

Kusmaull's sign | pericardial effusion