Respiratory

Question 0

1st line Asthma controller

Answer 0

Inhaled corticosteroids

Question 1

Pathophysiology of airflow ibstruction, hyperinflation and emphysema

Answer 1

COPD

Question 2

1st line Asthma reliever

Answer 2

Short Acting Beta Agonists

Question 3

Diagnostic finding of COPD in Spirometey

Answer 3

FEV1/FVC <70%

Question 4

Paradoxical inward movement of rib cage upon inspiration in COPD

Answer 4

Hoover’s sign

Question 5

Syndrome of silicosis with Rheumatoid Arthritis with pneumo nodules in Coal Worker’s Pneumoconiosis

Answer 5

Caplan’s Syndrome

Question 6

‘egg shell’ or ‘crazy paving’ pattern of calcification on hilar nodes with nodular and progressive fibrosis

Answer 6

Silicosis

Question 7

Female patient eho had never smoke but with history of drug use presenting with fever

Answer 7

Non-specific Interstitial Pneumonia (HM: uniform inflammation)

Question 8

> 40yo px with sudden cough, dyspnea and fever eith CT of patchy ground glass areas

Answer 8

Acute Interstiial Pneumonia (Hamman Rich Syndrome)

Question 9

Crunching or clicking sounds synchronous with the heart

Answer 9

Pneumomediastinum (Hamman’s sign)

Question 10

ECG findings in patient suspected of Pulmonary embolism

Answer 10

S1Q3T3
S wave in lead I
Q wave in lead III
T wave inversion in lead III 
(most frequent: T wave inversion V1-4)

Question 11

Tricispid Regurgitaion worsened on inspiration

Answer 11

Carvallo’s sign ( Cor Pulmonale)

Question 12

Rheumatoid Artritis wih splenomegalu, subcuaneous nodules and neutropenia

Answer 12

Felty’s Syndrome

Question 13

‘Swan Neck’ / ‘Z’ / Bouttonierre deformity

Answer 13

Rheumatoid Arthritis

Question 14

3 cardinal features of Systemic Sclerosis

Answer 14

‘FIV’ (Fibrosis, Immunity, Vasculopathy)

Progressive & Visceral Fibrosis
Cellular & Humoral Immunity
Vasculopathy with progressive occlusion

Question 15

Almost all Paraneoplastic syndromes (e.g. SIADH Cushing) are caused by SCCA except for this ehich is caused by what CA

Answer 15

Hypercalcemia

Squamous Cell Lung CA

Question 16

Repeated cycles of alveolitis by unidentified agent with hallmark of pathy interstitial fibrosis ehich varies in intensity and time

Answer 16

Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis

Question 17

Noncaseating granulomas
mediastinal and hilar LAD (CXR: ‘potato nodes’)
increased ACE & Ca
Schaumann and Asteroid bodies

Answer 17

Sarcoidosis

Question 18

Single abscess on Right Lung is due to

Answer 18

Aspiration

Multiple, basal, diffusely distributed - due to PNA, Bronchiectasis

Question 19

MC site of aspiration

Answer 19

Superior segment of Right Lobe

Question 20

2nd MCC of Acute COPD exacerbation

Answer 20

1 H. influenzae

Moraxella catarrhalis

Question 21

Virulence factor & factor preventing phagolysosome fusion in TB

Answer 21

Cord factor - virulence

Sulfatides - inhibit phagolysosomal fusion

Question 22

MC site of Lung CA metastasis

Answer 22

Adrenals (50%) > Liver (30-50%) > Brain (20%) > Bone (20%)

Question 23

Mutations in Squamous Cell CA AdenoCA and Small Cell CA of the Lungs

Answer 23

Squamous - p53 mutation

AdenoCA - EGFR mutation

Small Cell - p53 and RB mutation

Question 24

Weakness improved bu activity No eye weakness Anti voltage gated Ca channel Ab @presynaptic terminal assoc with Small Cell CA

Answer 24

Lambert-Eaton Syndrome

Question 25

Component in cigarette smoking causing malignancy

Answer 25

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon Tar Benzopyrene Nitrosamine

Question 26

Neuroendocrine cells in SCCA causing the different Paraneoplastic syndromes

Answer 26

Kulchitsky cells

Question 27

Supplies Infrahyoid muscles

Answer 27

Ansa cervicalis (C1-3) - union of CN12 & Descending branch of C1 unites with Descrnding branch of C2&C3 ``` *omohyoid sternohyoid sternothyroid except thyrohyoid (C1) ```

Question 28

Only motor nerve supply to the Diaphragm

Answer 28

Phrenic nerve (C3-5) *superficial to Scalene Anterior

Question 29

Borders of the Thoracic Inlet

Answer 29

Post - T1 vert Ant - Manubrium sterni Lat - 1st rib *aka Thoracic outlet/Superior Thoracic Aperture *Inferior Thoracic Aperture Post- T12 PostLat - 11 & 12th rib AnteLat - costal margin Ant - Xiphisternal jt

Question 30

Most serious pleural neoplasm | Which is caused by Asbestos

Answer 30

Malignant Mesothelioma