Cardio Drugs - CLASSES/MECHANISMS Flashcards
Hydralazine
Increases cGMP → smooth muscle relaxation
(arterioles > veins)
Nitroprusside
Short acting
Increases cGMP via direct release of NO
Fenoldopam
D1 receptor agonist → coronary, peripheral, renal, and splanchnic vasodilation
Decreases BP
Increases natriuresis
Ranolazine
Inhibits the late phase of sodium current → reducing diastolic wall tension and oxygen consumption
Does NOT affect HR or contractility
Milrinone
Selective PDE-3 inhibitor
Cardiomyocytes: Increases cAMP → Inccreases calcium influx → increases inotropy/chronotropy
Vascular smooth muscle: Increases cAMP → inhibition of MLCK → general vasodilation
Cholestyramine
- *Bile acid resin:** Prevent intestinal reabsorption of
- *bile acids** → liver must use CH to make more
Colestipol
- *Bile acid resin:** Prevent intestinal reabsorption of
- *bile acids** → liver must use CH to make more
Colesevelam
- *Bile acid resin:** Prevent intestinal reabsorption of
- *bile acids** → liver must use CH to make more
Ezetimibe
Prevent cholesterol absorption at
small intestine brush border
Gemfibrozil
Upregulate LPL → increases TG clearance
Activates PPAR-alpha → HDL synthesis
Bezafibrate
Upregulate LPL → increases TG clearance
Activates PPAR-alpha → HDL synthesis
Fenofibrate
Upregulate LPL → increases TG clearance
Activates PPAR-alpha → HDL synthesis
Niacin
Inhibits lipolysis (hormone sensitive lipase) in adipose tissue → reduces hepatic VLDL synthesis
Alirocumab
Inactivation of LDL-receptor degradation → increases amount of LDL removed from bloodstream
Evolocumab
Inactivation of LDL-receptor degradation → increases amount of LDL removed from bloodstream
