Cardiovascular System

Question 1

What are the 5 main types of blood vessels?

Answer 1

• Arteries
• Arterioles
• Capillaries
• Venules
• Veins

Question 2

What does an artery look like?

Answer 2

• thick outer wall
• small lumen
• thick layer of muscles and elastic fibres

Question 3

What does a vein look like?

Answer 3

• Long narrow
• Thin layer of muscle and elastic fibres
• Large lumen
• Fairly thin outer walls

Question 4

What does a capillary look like?

Answer 4

• Small lumen
• Single layer or cell: wall

Question 5

What do arteries do?

Answer 5

carry blood away from the heart
largest artery is the aorta, smaller arteries are arterioles
can stand pressure of blood pumping

Question 6

What are elastic arteries?

Answer 6

Largest arteries
Largest diameter but thin walls
Help propel blood forward whilst ventricle relaxes

Question 7

Function of arterioles

Answer 7

Involved in vasoconstriction/ vasodilation
Control blood flow to capillaries
Can raise Bp

Question 8

Function of capillaries

Answer 8

Exchange of gases nutrients, wastes, hormones etc.

Question 9

Veins

Answer 9

Blood vessels that carry blood back to heart
Large lumen to carry more blood

Question 10

Pathway of blood through the heart and lungs

Answer 10

right atrium, tricuspid valve, right ventricle, pulmonary semilunar valve, pulmonary arteries, lungs, pulmonary veins, left atrium, bicuspid valve, left ventricle, aortic semilunar valve, aorta, systemic circulation

Question 11

What does the heart do?

Answer 11

Its a hollow muscular organ that pumps oxygen and nutrient rich blood throughout the body