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NCE Exam > Career Counseling > Flashcards

Career Counseling Flashcards

(104 cards)

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1
Q

Trait and Factor Matching - Founder

A

EG Williamson

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2
Q

Trait and Factor Matching - Details

A

Based on Frank Parsons - Guidance

Tests, Assessments to match:

  • Traits
  • Aptitude
  • Interests
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3
Q

John Holland 6 Personality/Work Environment - Details

A

Hexagon

Six Personality Types & Work Environments

Congruency is emphasized

3 digit code as name (SEC)

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4
Q

Holland: Realistic

A

Practical
Machine/Tools

Examples: Farmer, Pilot, Mechanic, Dog Walker

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5
Q

Holland: Investigative

A

Analytical/Precise
Detail Oriented
Problem Solving

Examples: Researcher, Biologist, Geologist

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6
Q

Holland: Artistic

A

Intuitive, Creative

Examples: Writer, Industrial designer, Musician

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7
Q

Holland: Social

A

Social Skills, Friendly, Teams

Examples: Nurse, Teacher, Counselor

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8
Q

Holland: Enterprising

A

Leader, Speaker, Negotiating

Examples: Sales, Manager, Lawyer, CEO

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9
Q

Holland: Conventional

A

Systematic, practical, attending to detail

Examples: Banker, secretary, accountant

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10
Q

Donald Super

A

Self-Concept and Developmental Stage Theory

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11
Q

6 Personality/Work Environment - Theorist

A

John Holland

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12
Q

Super: Self-Concept Development Stage - Concepts

A

Life span, life space model

Self-concept influences career through life span

Wasn’t intended to be a theory, segments for future theories

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13
Q

Super: Self-Concept; Development Stage - Roles

A 
Child
Student
Leisure
Citizen
Worker
Spouse
Homemaker
Parent
Pensioner
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14
Q

Anne Roe

A

Early Childhood Needs-Theory Approach

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15
Q

Early Childhood Needs Theory

A

Anne Roe

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16
Q

Roe: Early Childhood Needs Theory - Concepts

A

Vocational choice is related to personality development as a child

Influenced by Freud (parent-child) and Maslow

Influenced by Genetics, Parent-Child, Unconscious, Needs, Interests, Education and Intelligence

Examples: 
Person Centered (Teacher)
Nonperson Oriented (Programmer)

Instruments that came out of it:
Vocational Interest Inventory (VII)
Career Occupational Preference System

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17
Q

Learning Theory (LTCC) Theorist

A

John Krumboltz

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18
Q

John Krumboltz

A

Learning Theory (LTCC) Theorist

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19
Q

Krumboltz: LTCC - Concepts

A

First Social Learning Theory

Behaviorist
Cognitive
Role of genetics and environment but focus was in social learning

Based on 4 factors can be used to simplify the career development process

Decision is a skill that can be learned

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20
Q

Krumboltz: LTCC - 4 Factors

A

1: Genetic and Unique Abilities
2: Environment and Life Events
3: Learning Experiences (Pavlov, Skinner)
4: Task Approach (Problem Solving, Cognitive Responses, Emotional Patterns)

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21
Q

Ginzberg Group or Associates

A

Developmental Approach

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22
Q

Developmental Approach

A

Ginzberg Group or Associates

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23
Q

Ginzberg Group - Concepts

A

Created by Economist, Psychiatrist, Sociologist, Psychologist

First developmental approach to career

1: Process of career choice does not end at 20
2: Career choices are lifelong process
3: Choice is reversible

Original Hypothesis: First career choice was irreversible

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24
Q

Ginzberg Group - Developmental Stages

A

1: Fantasy: 11 and Under
2: Tentative: 11-17
3: Realistic: 17-Early Adulthood

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25
Mark Savickas
Career Construction Postmodern Theory
26
Career Construction Postmodern Theory - Theorist
Mark Savickas
27
Savickas: Career Construction - Concepts
Narrative Therapy Client's life viewed as a story they construct Interventions focus on recurring themes to re-author the story
28
Social Cognitive Counseling Theory (SCCT)
Focus on how one's belief system impacts career choice
29
Linda Gottfredson
Theory of Circumscription
30
Theory of Circumscription - Theorist
Linda Gottfredson
31
Gottfredson: Circumscription - Concepts
Developmental Approach | Accounts for childhood
32
Social Space
Zone or territory of jobs where person fits into society
33
Gottfredson: Circumscription - Phases
1: Rule Out - Rule out certain jobs not acceptable for gender, stereotypes and SES 2: Compromise - Change mind, major (if original was not realistic)
34
Edgar H. Schein
Eight Career Anchors Theory
35
Eight Career Anchors Theory - Theorist
Edgar H. Schein
36
Schein: Eight Career Anchors - Concepts
Anchors manifest 5-10 years after work begins Anchors are based: Self-Concept Abilities What the person is good at
37
Schein: Eight Career Anchors - Anchors
1: Autonomy/Independence 2: Security/Stability 3: Technical/Functional Competence 4: General Managerial Competence 5: Entrepreneurial Creativity 6: Service/Dedication to a Cause 7: Pure Challenge 8: Lifestyle
38
Lifestyle and career development have been emphasized since...
beginning of counseling/guidance movement
39
John O. Crites
Felt the need for career counseling exceeds need for psychotherapy Career maturity
40
Lavender Ceiling
Glass Ceiling for minorities of sexual orientation
41
Victor Vroom
Motivation and Management Expectancy Theory Employee is motivated by: - Valance (money, promotion) - Expectancy (what does the employee feel they can do) - Instrumentality (will manager actually provide the reward)
42
Most theories are based on the following SES...
Middle and Upper SES
43
Trait and Factor Model is based on...
Differential Psychology | Individual Differences
44
Trait and Factor: Assumptions
Traits can be measured accurately Career choice is one time process Computer programs use this theory
45
Roe: Early Childhood Needs Theory - Dimensional System
``` Fields: Service Business Organizations Technology Outdoor ``` Levels: Skills Managerial
46
Roe: Parenting Styles
Overprotective Avoidant Acceptant Causes move towards or away from people
47
Roe Theory comes from tests:
Rorschach and TAT R - Roe and Rorschach
48
Edwin Bordin
Psychoanalytic Career choices can be used to solve unconscious conflicts
49
Bordin felts that difficulties in job choice....
are indicative of neurotic symptoms
50
AA Brill
Psychoanalytic Structural/Personality
51
Brill: Sublimation
Occurs when an individual expresses an unacceptable need in a socially acceptable manner Example: Football player because he likes to hurt people
52
Most popular theorist today:
Holland
53
Holland: Self-directed Search SDS*
Designed to measure the 6 personality types Self Administered Self Scored NOT suited for undereducated, difficulty with decisions Use form E for low reading/writing skills
54
Personality/Structural Theorists
Brill Holland Roe
55
Conventional types value...(c)
conformity
56
Strong Interest Inventory (SII) based on...
Holland
57
Holland: Consistent
Realistic, Investigative, Artistic
58
Holland: Inconsistent
Realistic, Artistic, Enterprising
59
Robert Hoppock Theory based on theorist...
Henry Murray
60
Henry Murray
Needs-Press TAT Projective Test Personality
61
Developmental Theorists - Pioneers
Ginzberg and Associates
62
Developmental Theories - Theorists
Ginzberg and Associates | Super
63
Developmental theories emphasize...
longitudinal career related behavior
64
What does Super consider careers?
``` Student Retirement Civic Duties Avocations/Hobbies Family Roles ``` The RAINBOW
65
Tiedeman and O'Hara
Decision-Making Theory Periods of anticipation and adjustment Based on Erikson 1: Anticipation 2: Implementation
66
Decision Making Theories - all contend that...
Individual has power to choose from various career options
67
Two popular behavior techniques
RJP: Realistic Job Preview Guided Imagery
68
Human Capital Theory
Secure training and education to get best possible income
69
Accident Theory of Career Development
Chance factors
70
Attainment Theory
Child will attain a job similar with family status
71
Harry Gelatt
Gelatt Decision Model
72
Gelatt Decision Model
Fuel of the Decision Predictive Value Decision
73
Gelatt: Predictive
Alternative and probability of outcomes
74
Gottfredson focused on:
Circumscription and Compromise
75
OOH
Occupational Outlook Handbook - after WWII Predictions/trends
76
DOT
Classification for Career Counselors Replaced by O-NET 20k 9 digit codes Occupational group Relation to People Title Alphabetized
77
Bureau of Labor Statistics
Career Data
78
Pink Collar Jobs
Waitress Secretary Child Care
79
After lifetime of jobs
10-15
80
Bandura
Social Learning Self-Efficacy - Belief that they will be successful
81
SIGI and Choices are...
Computer based
82
Spillover
Likes gaming job so games in spare time
83
Segmentation
Work and family kept separate
84
Compensatory Effect
Compensated for what he can't do on the job Librarian going wild after work
85
Work Interference
Connection between work and family
86
Recency Effect
Performance is based on recent performance
87
Leniency/Strictness Bias
Rater tends to give high or low ratings while avoiding the range
88
Central Tendency Bias
Rate based on average
89
Kuder Career Planning System (KCPS)
K-12, Postsecondary, adults
90
Dual Career v Dual Earner
Career: Advancement is possible Tend to earn more than dual earners Earner: Minimal advancement
91
Aptitude Tests grew out of....
Trait and Factor
92
Achievement Test*
Adept at skill in the moment
93
Aptitude Tests*
Speculates whether or not you can capture skills with training Measure potential
94
Job Analysis*
Procedure where tasks, duties and skills are examined Leads to a Job Description/specifications
95
Job Evaluation*
Rates the value of the job within the organization to decide on pay
96
Dislocated Worker*
Lost job
97
In Basket Technique
Job simulation by hiring committee's for assess candidates
98
Job Clubs
Behavioristic Help others with interview skills and job leads Recommended for disabled
99
Robert Hoppock
Must know personal needs and then find an occupation that meets most of your needs
100
Quality Circles*
Employees with identical or similar jobs meet as a group to solve problems
101
Halo Effect*
Generalizing about an employee based on one trait (kind but not good at their job)
102
Strictness/Lenient Bias
High or Low disregarding average middle class ratings
103
Central Bias Tendency
Rate based on average
104
APGA
American Personnel Guidance Association

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