Career & Lifestyle Development Flashcards
(133 cards)
1
Q
A counselor who structures a career counseling group to help group members understand a "fields and levels" approach to careers is following the theory of: A. Tiedeman B. Holland C. Super D. Roe
A
D. Roe
2
Q
The concept of "career maturity" has been described and researched most extensively by: A. Ginzberg B. Hoyt C. Tiedeman D. Crites
A
D. Crites
3
Q
Which of the following is not one of Roe's 8 basic occupational groupings? A. General culture B. Organization C. Science D. Social
A
D. Social
4
Q
Which of the following is not one of Herr and Cramer’s 5 stages of career program planning?
A. Developing a program rationale and philosophy
B. Implementing the program
C. Milestones
D. Selecting alternate program processes
A
B. Implementing the program
5
Q
Name the 5 stages of career program planning according to Herr and Cramer.
A
- Developing a program rationale and philosophy
- Stating program goals and behavioral objectives
- Selecting alternate program processes
- Developing an evaluation design
- Setting milestones
6
Q
Many popular career-guidance computer programs, such as SIGI and CHOICES, are designed to help match clients, based on their interests and aptitudes, to an appropriate career. In this way, such programs are based on the ideas of which of the following theorists: A. Holland B. Roe C. Super D. Williamson
A
D. Williamson
7
Q
What theory was E. G. Williamson an early advocate of?
A
Trait-and-factor theory
8
Q
Define trait-and-factor theory.
A
Individuals can be matched to an appropriate career based on their traits and aptitudes
9
Q
Who was an early advocate of the trait-and-factor theory?
A
E. G. Williamson
10
Q
Holland's hexagon is used to determine a person's: A. Consistency B. Personality type C. Differentiation D. A. and B.
A
A. Consistency
11
Q
What is consistency according to Holland?
A
Consistency refers to the degree to which the elements comprising a person’s personality subtype are similar.
12
Q
Define differentiation according to Holland.
A
A part of Holland’s revision of his theory of career choice. Differentiation is the extent to which an individual’s personality is well-defined; that is, a differentiated person would show a lot of resemblance to one type and less resemblance to another type.
13
Q
Lifestyle and career development have been emphasized
a. only since the late 1950s.
b. only since the late 1960s.
c. only since nondirective counseling became popular.
d. since the beginning of the counseling and guidance movement and are still major areas of concern.
A
d. since the beginning of the counseling and guidance movement and are still major areas of concern.
14
Q
Most research in the area of career development and its relationship to students indicates that
a. a very high proportion of students in high school and at the junior high or middle-school level wanted guidance in planning a career. Career interests are more stable after college.
b. students did not want career guidance despite its importance.
c. many students were too infl exible to benefit from career guidance.
d. high school students wanted career guidance but junior high school or middle school-level students did not.
A
a. a very high proportion of students in high school and at the junior high or middle-school level wanted guidance in planning a career. Career interests are more stable after college.
15
Q
A dual-career family (or dual-worker couple) is one in which both partners have jobs to which they are committed on a somewhat continuous basis. Which statement is true of dual-career families?
a. Surprisingly enough, dual-career families have lower incomes than families in which only one partner works.
b. Dual-career families have higher incomes than the so-called traditional family in which only one partner is working.
c. Dual-career families have incomes which are almost identical to families with one partner working.
d. Surprisingly enough, no research has been conducted on dual-career families.
A
b. Dual-career families have higher incomes than the so-called traditional family in which only one partner is working.
16
Q
In the dual-career family, partners seem to be more self-sufficient than in the traditional family. In a dual-career household, the woman
a. generally has children before entering the work force.
b. rarely if ever has children.
c. is not self-reliant.
d. is typically secure in her career before she has children.
A
d. is typically secure in her career before she has children.
17
Q
Studies indicate that
a. students receive ample vocational guidance.
b. most parents can provide appropriate vocational guidance.
c. students want more vocational guidance than they receive.
d. career days meet the vocational guidance needs of most students.
A
c. students want more vocational guidance than they receive.
18
Q
Statistics reveal that
a. on average, a worker with a bachelor’s degree earns over $10,000 a year more than a worker with a high school diploma.
b. fewer workers possess a high-school degree than ever before.
c. blue-collar jobs are growing faster than white-collar jobs.
d. older workers are slower than younger workers and have less skill.
A
a. on average, a worker with a bachelor’s degree earns over $10,000 a year more than a worker with a high school diploma.
19
Q
When professional career counselors use the term leisure they technically mean
a. the client is having fun at work or away from work.
b. the client is relaxing at work or away from work.
c. the client is working at less than 100% capacity at work or away from work.
d. the time the client has away from work which is not being utilized for obligations.
A
d. the time the client has away from work which is not being utilized for obligations.
20
Q
In terms of leisure time and dual-career families
a. dual-career families have more leisure time.
b. dual-career families have the same amount of leisure time as families with one wage earner.
c. dual-career families have less leisure time.
d. dual-career families have more weekend leisure time.
A
c. dual-career families have less leisure time.
21
Q
A client who says, “I feel I cannot really become an administrator in our agency because I am a woman,” is showing an example of
a. gender bias.
b. counselor bias.
c. the trait-and-factor theory.
d. developmental theory and career choice.
A
a. gender bias.
22
Q
One major category of career theory is known as the trait-factor (also called the trait-and factor) approach. It has also been dubbed the actuarial or matching approach. This approach
a. attempts to match conscious and unconscious work motives.
b. attempts to match the worker and the work environment (job factors). The approach thus makes the assumption that there is one best or single career for the person.
c. attempts to match career behavior with attitudes.
d. attempts to match cognition with the workload.
A
b. attempts to match the worker and the work environment (job factors). The approach thus makes the assumption that there is one best or single career for the person.
23
Q
The trait-and-factor career counseling, actuarial, or matching approach (which matches clients with a job) is associated with
a. Parsons and Williamson.
b. Roe and Brill.
c. Holland and Super.
d. Tiedeman and O’Hara.
A
a. Parsons and Williamson.
24
Q
The trait-and-factor or actuarial approach asserts that
a. job selection is a long-term development process.
b. testing is an important part of the counseling process.
c. a counselor can match the correct person with the appropriate job.
d. b and c.
A
d. b and c.
25
In 1909 a landmark book entitled Choosing a Vocation was released. The book was written by Frank Parsons. Parsons has been called
a. the Father of lifestyle.
b. the Father of modern counseling.
c. the Father of vocational guidance.
d. the fourth force in counseling.
c. the Father of vocational guidance.
26
Which statement is not true of the trait-and factor approach to career counseling?
a. The approach attempts to match the person’s traits with the requirements of a job.
b. The approach usually relies on psychometric information.
c. The approach is developmental and thus focuses on career maturity.
d. The approach is associated with the work of Parsons and Williamson.
c. The approach is developmental and thus focuses on career maturity.
27
Edmund Griffi th Williamson’s work (or the so called Minnesota Viewpoint) purports to be scientific and didactic, utilizing test data from instruments such as the
a. Rorschach and the TAT.
b. Binet and the Wechsler.
c. BDI and the MMPI.
d. Minnesota Occupational Rating Scales.
d. Minnesota Occupational Rating Scales.
28
The trait-and-factor approach fails to take _______ into account.
a. individual change throughout the life span.
b. relevant psychometric data.
c. personality.
d. job requirements.
a. individual change throughout the life span.
29
Anne Roe suggested a personality approach to career choice
a. based on cognitive-behavioral therapy.
b. based on a model of strict operant conditioning.
c. based on the premise that a job satisfies an unconscious need.
d. based on the work of Pavlov.
c. based on the premise that a job satisfies an unconscious need.
30
Roe was the first career specialist to utilize a two-dimensional system of occupational classification utilizing
a. unconscious and preconscious.
b. fields and levels.
c. yin and yang.
d. transactional analysis nomenclature.
b. fields and levels.
31
All of the following are examples of Anne Roe’s “fields” except
a. service.
b. science.
c. arts and entertainment.
d. unskilled.
d. unskilled.
32
All of the following are examples of Anne Roe’s “levels” except
a. outdoor.
b. semiskilled.
c. semiprofessional/small business.
d. professional and managerial.
a. outdoor.
33
Roe spoke of three basic parenting styles: overprotective, avoidant, or acceptant. The result is that the child
a. experiences neurosis or psychosis.
b. will eventually have a lot of jobs or a lack of employment.
c. will develop a personality which gravitates (i.e., moves) toward people or away from people.
d. will suffer from depression in the work setting or will be highly motivated to succeed.
c. will develop a personality which gravitates (i.e., moves) toward people or away from people.
34
Roe’s theory relies on Abraham Maslow’s hierarchy of needs in the sense that in terms of career choice
a. lower order needs take precedence over higher order needs.
b. self-actualization needs take precedence over lower order needs.
c. all needs are given equal consideration.
d. the need for self-actualization would overpower a physical need.
a. lower order needs take precedence over higher order needs.
35
Some support for Roe’s theory comes from
a. the BDI.
b. the WAIS-R.
c. the Rorschach and the TAT.
d. the gestalt therapy movement.
c. the Rorschach and the TAT.
36
In terms of genetics, Roe’s theory would assert that
a. genetics play a very minor role in career choice.
b. genetics help to determine intelligence and education, and hence this influences one’s career choice.
c. genetics are important while upbringing is not.
d. genetics are important while the unconscious is not.
b. genetics help to determine intelligence and education, and hence this influences one’s career choice.
37
According to Anne Roe, who categorized occupations by fields and levels,
a. the decision to pursue a career is purely a conscious decision.
b. using the Strong is the best method of explaining career choice.
c. early childhood experiences are irrelevant in terms of career choice.
d. the choice of a career helps to satisfy an individual’s needs.
d. the choice of a career helps to satisfy an individual’s needs.
38
A 37-year-old Caucasian male states during a counseling session that he is working as a clerk at Main Street Plumbing. This verbalization depicts the client’s
a. career.
b. lifestyle.
c. job or position.
d. occupation.
c. job or position.
39
Roe recognized the role of the unconscious mind in terms of career choice. Another theorist who emphasized the unconscious processes in this area of study was
a. Krumboltz.
b. Parsons.
c. Super.
d. Bordin.
d. Bordin.
40
Edwin Bordin felt that diffi culties related to job choice
a. are indicative of neurotic symptoms.
b. are indicative of inappropriate reinforcers in the environment.
c. are related to a lack of present moment awareness.
d. are the result of irrational cognitions.
a. are indicative of neurotic symptoms.
41
Another career theorist who drew upon psychoanalytic doctrines was A. A. Brill. Brill emphasized _______ as an ego-defense mechanism.
a. subliminal.
b. sublimation.
c. repression.
d. rationalization.
b. sublimation.
42
A client who becomes a professional football player because he unconsciously likes to hurt people would be utilizing _______ according to Brill’s theory of career choice.
a. subliminal.
b. sublimation.
c. suppression.
d. introjection.
c. suppression.
43
Today, the most popular approach to career choice reflects
a. the work of Anne Roe.
b. the work of Donald Super.
c. the work of John Holland.
d. the work of Jane Loevinger.
c. the work of John Holland.
44
Holland categorized _______ personality orientations which correspond to analogous work environments.
a. two.
b. five.
c. three.
d. six.
d. six.
45
Most experts in the field of career counseling would classify Roe, Brill, and Holland as _______ theorists.
a. behavior modification.
b. ego psychologists.
c. experiential.
d. personality.
d. personality.
46
Counselors who support John Holland’s approach believe that
a. an appropriate job allows one to express his or her personality.
b. stereotypes cannot be considered relevant.
c. four major personality categories exist.
d. sublimation is the major factor in job selection.
a. an appropriate job allows one to express his or her personality.
47
Holland mentioned six modal orientations: artistic, conventional, enterprising, investigative, realistic, and social. A middle school counselor is most likely
a. artistic.
b. social.
c. enterprising.
d. realistic.
b. social.
48
Holland’s theory would predict that the vice president of the United States would be
a. artistic.
b. social.
c. enterprising
d. realistic.
c. enterprising
49
A client who wishes to work on an assembly line would fit into Holland’s _______ typology.
a. artistic.
b. conventional.
c. social.
d. realistic.
d. realistic.
50
Holland’s psychological needs career personality theory would say that a research chemist is primarily the _______ type.
a. investigative.
b. social.
c. enterprising.
d. artistic.
a. investigative.
51
Holland’s artistic type seems to value feelings over pure intellect or cognitive ability. Which of the following clients would not be best described via the artistic typology?
a. A 72-year-old part-time male ballet instructor.
b. A 29-year-old female fi ction writer.
c. A 33-year-old female drill press operator.
d. A 41-year-old singer for a heavy metal rock band.
c. A 33-year-old female drill press operator.
52
Holland did indeed believe in career stereotypes. In other words the person psychologically defi nes himself or herself via a given job. Thus, a bookkeeper or a clerical worker would primarily fit into the _______ category.
a. artistic.
b. conventional.
c. realistic.
d. social.
b. conventional.
53
In regard to an individual’s behavioral style or so-called modal orientation, Holland believed that
a. every person has a pure or discrete orientation that fits perfectly into one of the six categories.
b. occupational measures like the Strong Vocational are for the most part useless.
c. most people are not pure personality types and thus can best be described by a distribution of types such as Realistic,
d. a and b.
c. most people are not pure personality types and thus can best be described by a distribution of types such as Realistic,
54
Holland believed that
a. a given occupation will tend to attract persons with similar personalities.
b. a given occupation will tend to attract persons with a very wide range of personality attributes.
c. one’s personality is, for the most part, unrelated to one’s occupational choice.
d. b and c.
a. a given occupation will tend to attract persons with similar personalities.
55
Holland relied on a personality theory of career choice. Hoppock’s theory, based on the work of _______ is also considered a personality approach.
a. Donald Super.
b. Robert Rosenthal.
c. David Wechsler.
d. Henry Murray.
d. Henry Murray.
56
Developmental career theorists view career choice as an ongoing or so-called longitudinal process rather than a single decision made at one point in time. The pioneer theorists in this area—who were the fi rst to forsake the matching models—were
a. Super and Roe.
b. Hoppock and Holland.
c. Ginzberg, Ginsburg, Axelrad, and Herma.
d. Brill and Bordin.
c. Ginzberg, Ginsburg, Axelrad, and Herma.
57
Ginzberg and his colleagues now believe in a development model of career choice which asserts that
a. the process of choosing a career does not end at age 20 or adulthood.
b. career choice decisions are really made throughout the life span.
c. career choice is reversible.
d. all of the above.
d. all of the above.
58
Initially, Ginzberg and his associates viewed career choice as irreversible and the result of compromises between wishes and realistic possibilities. This theory identifi ed three stages of career development
a. informal, formal, and concrete.
b. fantasy (birth to age 11), tentative (ages 11 to 17), and realistic (age 17 to early 20s).
c. sensorimotor, formal, and concrete.
d. oral, anal, and phallic.
b. fantasy (birth to age 11), tentative (ages 11 to 17), and realistic (age 17 to early 20s).
59
The most popular developmental career theorist is Donald Super. Super emphasizes
a. id impulses.
b. the critical parent.
c. the self-concept.
d. ego strength.
c. the self-concept.
60
Super’s theory emphasizes _______ life stages.
a. five.
b. four.
c. three.
d. nine.
a. five.
61
Super’s theory includes
a. the life-career rainbow.
b. the life-career stars.
c. the life-career moon.
d. the life-career psychosis.
a. the life-career rainbow.
62
Research into the phenomenon of career maturity refl ects the work of
a. John Crites.
b. Roe.
c. Holland.
d. Schlossberg.
a. John Crites.
63
The decision-making theory, which refers to periods of anticipation and implementation/adjustment, was proposed by
a. Crites.
b. Holland.
c. David Tiedeman and Robert O’Hara.
d. Super.
c. David Tiedeman and Robert O’Hara.
64
John Krumboltz postulated a social learning approach to career choice. This model is based mainly on the work of
a. Joseph Wolpe.
b. Albert Bandura.
c. Donald Super.
d. Karen Homey.
b. Albert Bandura.
65
The model Krumboltz suggested is
a. a human capital theory.
b. an accident theory of career development.
c. a status attainment theory.
d. a behavioristic model of career development.
d. a behavioristic model of career development.
66
A counselor who favors a behavioristic mode of career counseling would most likely
a. analyze dreams related to jobs and/or occupations.
b. give the client a standardized career test.
c. suggest a site visit to a work setting.
d. a and b.
c. suggest a site visit to a work setting.
67
A fairly recent model to explain career development is the decision approach. The Gelatt Decision Model created by Harry B. Gelatt refers to information as “the fuel of the decision.” The Gelatt Model asserts that information can be organized into three systems
a. predictive, value, and decision.
b. internal, external, and in between.
c. predictive, external, and internal.
d. internal and external.
a. predictive, value, and decision.
68
In the Gelatt Model the predictive system deals with
a. personal likes, dislikes, and preferences.
b. personal rules.
c. alternatives and the probability of outcomes.
d. the self-directed search.
c. alternatives and the probability of outcomes.
69
Linda Gottfredson’s developmental theory of career focuses on
a. fields and levels.
b. circumscription and compromise theory.
c. the career rainbow.
d. mainly on the concept of career maturity.
b. circumscription and compromise theory.
70
The leading method adults use to find career information in the United States is
a. to see a state employment counselor.
b. to visit a private practice career counselor.
c. to undergo counseling with a counselor with NCCC credentials.
d. by securing information via the newspaper.
d. by securing information via the newspaper.
71
When career counselors speak of the OOH they are referring to
a. the Occupational Options Handbook.
b. the Occupational Outlook Handbook.
c. the Career Options Occupational Titles.
d. the Optional Occupations Handbook.
b. the Occupational Outlook Handbook.
72
At its zenith the DOT listed
a. approximately 10,000 job titles.
b. nearly 5,000 job titles.
c. approximately 30,000 job titles.
d. nearly 100,000 job titles.
c. approximately 30,000 job titles.
73
In the Dictionary of Occupational Titles each job was given a _______ digit code.
a. nine.
b. eight.
c. six.
d. five.
a. nine.
74
The DOT was fi rst published by the Department of Labor in 1939. The fi rst three digits in a DOT code referred to
a. an occupational group.
b. career options.
c. OOH data.
d. the transfer of skills.
a. an occupational group.
75
You are working as a counselor for a major university. A student wants detailed statistics about the average wages in her state. The best resource would be
a. Richard N. Bolles’s book What Color Is Your Parachute?
b. The Bureau of Labor Statistics website.
c. Any professional journal related to career counseling is inundated with articles of this nature.
d. DISCOVER and the System of Interactive Guidance and Information known as Sigi Plus.
b. The Bureau of Labor Statistics website.
76
A counselor who is interested in trends in the job market should consult the
a. State Department of Economic Regulation.
b. SOC.
c. SIC.
d. OOH.
d. OOH.
77
A counselor wants to suggest an easy-to-read source for a client in search of career information. The counselor should recommend
a. DOT.
b. SOC.
c. SIC.
d. OOH.
d. OOH.
78
A counselor with a master’s degree who is working for minimum wage at a fast-food restaurant due to a lack of jobs in the field is a victim of
a. unemployment.
b. underemployment.
c. the phi phenomenon.
d. the risky shift phenomenon.
b. underemployment.
79
The OOH contains approximately 800 job descriptions. Job trends suggest that
a. less women will be employed.
b. less minorities will be employed.
c. service jobs will account for virtually all the job growth.
d. jobs dealing with computers have peaked and will rapidly decline.
c. service jobs will account for virtually all the job growth.
80
The Guide for Occupational Exploration (GOE) was published by the U.S. Department of Labor. The guide lists groups of jobs listed in
a. 14 interest areas.
b. 6 interest areas.
c. 3 interest areas.
d. 175 interest areas.
a. 14 interest areas.
81
Self-efficacy theory is based on the work of
a. Roe.
b. Holland.
c. H. B. Gelatt.
d. Albert Bandura.
d. Albert Bandura.
82
SIGI Plus, Choices, and Discover are
a. Computer Assisted Career Guidance Systems (CACG).
b. paper and pencil career tests.
c. career theories proposed in the 1940s.
d. computer systems which are slower to use than traditional texts such as the DOT or the OOH.
a. Computer Assisted Career Guidance Systems (CACG).
83
A client who likes her fl ower arranging job begins doing flower arranging in her spare time on weekends and after work. This phenomenon is best described as
a. the contrast effect.
b. sublimation.
c. the compensatory effect.
d. spillover.
d. spillover.
84
A male client who hates his job is trying desperately to be the perfect father, husband, and family man. This phenomenon is best described as
a. the recency effect.
b. the leniency/strictness bias.
c. the compensatory effect.
d. spillover.
c. the compensatory effect.
85
The National Vocational Guidance Association was founded in 1913. It was fused with other organizations in 1952 to become
a. the American Psychological Association.
b. AACD.
c. APGA.
d. NASW.
c. APGA.
86
Lifestyle includes
a. work.
b. leisure.
c. style of living.
d. all of the above.
d. all of the above.
87
The Strong Interest Inventory (SCII) is based on John Holland’s theory. The test assumes that a person who is interested in a given subject will experience
a. satisfaction in a job with workers who have different interests.
b. satisfaction in a job in which those working in the occupation have similar interests.
c. generalized anxiety if he or she is placed in a job where people have similar interests.
d. the best results if he or she fi nishes the inventory in one hour or less.
b. satisfaction in a job in which those working in the occupation have similar interests.
88
The Self-Directed Search (SDS) is
a. based on the work of Holland and yields scores on his six types.
b. self-administered.
c. self-scored and self-interpreted.
d. all of the above.
d. all of the above.
89
At a case staffi ng, one career counselor says to another, “The client’s disability suggests she can only physically handle sedentary work.” This technically implies
a. the client will not need to lift over 10 pounds.
b. the client will not need to lift over 100 pounds.
c. the client will be standing a lot.
d. the client could walk or stand up to six hours daily.
a. the client will not need to lift over 10 pounds.
90
The notion of the hidden job market would suggest that
a. most jobs will appear on college bulletin boards.
b. most jobs will appear in supermarket tabloids.
c. most jobs will appear in daily newspaper classified ads.
d. most jobs are not advertised.
d. most jobs are not advertised.
91
An SDS score will reveal
a. career aptitude.
b. the personality via projective measures.
c. the individual’s three highest scores based on Holland’s personality types.
d. spillover personality tendencies.
c. the individual’s three highest scores based on Holland’s personality types.
92
As you walk into a professional seminar on career counseling you note that the instructor is drawing a hexagon on the blackboard. The instructor is most likely discussing
a. David Tiedeman.
b. John Holland.
c. Anne Roe.
d. John Crites.
b. John Holland.
93
The Strong is considered an Interest inventory. So is
a. the Kuder, created by George Frederic Kuder.
b. the Wechsler.
c. the Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test.
d. the MMPI-2.
a. the Kuder, created by George Frederic Kuder.
94
The U.S. Employment Service created the
a. ASVAB.
b. DAT.
c. GATB.
d. SCII.
c. GATB.
95
Occupational aptitude tests such as the Differential Aptitude Test (DAT), the Armed Services Vocational Aptitude Test Battery (ASVAB), and the O*NET Ability Profi ler grew out of the
a. cognitive therapy movement.
b. humanistic psychology movement.
c. individual psychology movement.
d. trait-and-factor movement related to career counseling.
d. trait-and-factor movement related to career counseling.
96
A client says she has always stayed home and raised her children. Now the children are grown and she is seeking employment. She is best described
a. as a displaced homemaker.
b. as a victim of underemployment.
c. by a DSM diagnosis.
d. as a victim of the hidden job market.
a. as a displaced homemaker.
97
According to the concept of wage discrimination
a. women make more than men for doing the same job.
b. women make less than men for doing the same job.
c. men and women make identical salaries thanks to legislation.
d. women who are seen as attractive still make 6% more than men for doing the same job.
b. women make less than men for doing the same job.
98
According to the concept of occupational sex segregation
a. most women hold high paying executive jobs.
b. most women hold low paying jobs with low status.
c. most women hold jobs which require a college degree.
d. men still make considerably less than women.
b. most women hold low paying jobs with low status.
99
A counselor advises a female to steer clear of police work as he feels this is a male occupation. This suggests
a. positive transference.
b. negative transference.
c. counselor bias based on gender bias.
d. sex wage discrimination.
c. counselor bias based on gender bias.
100
Most research would suggest that a woman who has the same intelligence, skills, and potential as a man will often
a. make the same job choice as a man.
b. choose a supervisory position more often than a man.
c. have lower career aspirations than a man.
d. choose a career well above her ability level.
c. have lower career aspirations than a man.
101
A displaced homemaker might have grown children or
a. be widowed and seeking employment.
b. be divorced and seeking employment.
c. a and b.
d. none of the above.
c. a and b.
102
Midlife career change
a. is not that unusual.
b. is often discussed, but in reality is very rare.
c. would be extremely rare after the death of a spouse.
d. would be extremely rare after all the children leave home.
a. is not that unusual.
103
The term reentry woman would best describe
a. a 32-year-old female police offi cer promoted to sergeant.
b. a 22-year-old female teacher who becomes a school counselor.
c. a 59-year-old female administrative assistant who switched positions for two years and will return to her job.
d. a 29-year-old female who was babysitting in her home but is currently working at a fast-food restaurant.
d. a 29-year-old female who was babysitting in her home but is currently working at a fast-food restaurant.
104
A counselor doing multicultural career counseling should be aware
a. of his or her own ethnocentric biases.
b. that Asian Americans rarely choose scientific careers.
c. that Black males will often choose enterprising jobs in terms of Holland’s typology.
d. that career inventories have eliminated cultural biases.
a. of his or her own ethnocentric biases.
105
In terms of the labor market
a. music is very effective in terms of increasing the workers’ output.
b. the number of employees employers want to hire goes down as salary goes up.
c. the number of employees willing to work for you goes up as the salary increases.
d. b and c.
d. b and c.
106
SIGI Plus is
a. an achievement test.
b. a personality test used in career counseling.
c. a computer career program known as the System of Interactive Guidance and Information that allows students to conduct a self-assessment and explore career options.
d. a computerized projective test for career counseling.
c. a computer career program known as the System of Interactive Guidance and Information that allows students to conduct a self-assessment and explore career options.
107
A career counselor who is helping a client design a resume
a. should downplay the value of the cover letter.
b. should emphasize that a lengthy resume is invariably more effective.
c. should emphasize the importance of listing height and weight data.
d. should emphasize the importance of a cover letter.
d. should emphasize the importance of a cover letter.
108
Most experts would agree that a resume
a. is like an art project and must look good.
b is not an art project and looks have little if anything to do with effectiveness.
c. need not utilize bold headings as personnel officers often spend an extensive amount of time reading them.
d. contrary to popular opinion, can sport typos and spelling errors yet still have a powerful impact on future employers.
a. is like an art project and must look good.
109
The concept of job clubs as promoted by Azrin et al.
a. is very behavioristic.
b. is indicative of a client-centered approach.
c. is psychodynamic.
d. is appropriate, but not with disabled populations.
a. is very behavioristic.
110
Which counselor would most likely say that we choose a job to meet our needs?
a. Albert Ellis.
b. John O. Crites.
c. John Krumboltz
d. Robert Hoppock.
d. Robert Hoppock
111
All of the following are diffi culties with career testing except
a. stereotyping.
b. the tests all take at least three hours to administer.
c. the counselor may rely too heavily on test results.
d. many tests are biased in favor of White middle-class clients.
b. the tests all take at least three hours to administer.
112
A displaced homemaker might have grown children or
a. be widowed and seeking employment.
b. be divorced and seeking employment.
c. a and b.
d. none of the above.
c. a and b.
113
Midlife career change
a. is not that unusual.
b. is often discussed, but in reality is very rare.
c. would be extremely rare after the death of a spouse.
d. would be extremely rare after all the children leave home.
a. is not that unusual.
114
The term reentry woman would best describe
a. a 32-year-old female police offi cer promoted to sergeant.
b. a 22-year-old female teacher who becomes a school counselor.
c. a 59-year-old female administrative assistant who switched positions for two years and will return to her job.
d. a 29-year-old female who was babysitting in her home but is currently working at a fast-food restaurant.
d. a 29-year-old female who was babysitting in her home but is currently working at a fast-food restaurant.
115
A counselor doing multicultural career counseling should be aware
a. of his or her own ethnocentric biases.
b. that Asian Americans rarely choose scientific careers.
c. that Black males will often choose enterprising jobs in terms of Holland’s typology.
d. that career inventories have eliminated cultural biases.
a. of his or her own ethnocentric biases.
116
In terms of the labor market
a. music is very effective in terms of increasing the workers’ output.
b. the number of employees employers want to hire goes down as salary goes up.
c. the number of employees willing to work for you goes up as the salary increases.
d. b and c.
d. b and c.
117
SIGI Plus is
a. an achievement test.
b. a personality test used in career counseling.
c. a computer career program known as the System of Interactive Guidance and Information that allows students to conduct a self-assessment and explore career options.
d. a computerized projective test for career counseling.
c. a computer career program known as the System of Interactive Guidance and Information that allows students to conduct a self-assessment and explore career options.
118
A career counselor who is helping a client design a resume
a. should downplay the value of the cover letter.
b. should emphasize that a lengthy resume is invariably more effective.
c. should emphasize the importance of listing height and weight data.
d. should emphasize the importance of a cover letter.
d. should emphasize the importance of a cover letter.
119
Most experts would agree that a resume
a. is like an art project and must look good.
b is not an art project and looks have little if anything to do with effectiveness.
c. need not utilize bold headings as personnel officers often spend an extensive amount of time reading them.
d. contrary to popular opinion, can sport typos and spelling errors yet still have a powerful impact on future employers.
a. is like an art project and must look good.
120
The concept of job clubs as promoted by Azrin et al.
a. is very behavioristic.
b. is indicative of a client-centered approach.
c. is psychodynamic.
d. is appropriate, but not with disabled populations.
a. is very behavioristic.
121
Which counselor would most likely say that we choose a job to meet our needs?
a. Albert Ellis.
b. John O. Crites.
c. John Krumboltz
d. Robert Hoppock.
d. Robert Hoppock
122
All of the following are diffi culties with career testing except
a. stereotyping.
b. the tests all take at least three hours to administer.
c. the counselor may rely too heavily on test results.
d. many tests are biased in favor of White middle-class clients.
b. the tests all take at least three hours to administer.
123
A displaced homemaker might have grown children or
a. be widowed and seeking employment.
b. be divorced and seeking employment.
c. a and b.
d. none of the above.
c. a and b.
124
Midlife career change
a. is not that unusual.
b. is often discussed, but in reality is very rare.
c. would be extremely rare after the death of a spouse.
d. would be extremely rare after all the children leave home.
a. is not that unusual.
125
The term reentry woman would best describe
a. a 32-year-old female police offi cer promoted to sergeant.
b. a 22-year-old female teacher who becomes a school counselor.
c. a 59-year-old female administrative assistant who switched positions for two years and will return to her job.
d. a 29-year-old female who was babysitting in her home but is currently working at a fast-food restaurant.
d. a 29-year-old female who was babysitting in her home but is currently working at a fast-food restaurant.
126
A counselor doing multicultural career counseling should be aware
a. of his or her own ethnocentric biases.
b. that Asian Americans rarely choose scientific careers.
c. that Black males will often choose enterprising jobs in terms of Holland’s typology.
d. that career inventories have eliminated cultural biases.
a. of his or her own ethnocentric biases.
127
In terms of the labor market
a. music is very effective in terms of increasing the workers’ output.
b. the number of employees employers want to hire goes down as salary goes up.
c. the number of employees willing to work for you goes up as the salary increases.
d. b and c.
d. b and c.
128
SIGI Plus is
a. an achievement test.
b. a personality test used in career counseling.
c. a computer career program known as the System of Interactive Guidance and Information that allows students to conduct a self-assessment and explore career options.
d. a computerized projective test for career counseling.
c. a computer career program known as the System of Interactive Guidance and Information that allows students to conduct a self-assessment and explore career options.
129
A career counselor who is helping a client design a resume
a. should downplay the value of the cover letter.
b. should emphasize that a lengthy resume is invariably more effective.
c. should emphasize the importance of listing height and weight data.
d. should emphasize the importance of a cover letter.
d. should emphasize the importance of a cover letter.
130
Most experts would agree that a resume
a. is like an art project and must look good.
b is not an art project and looks have little if anything to do with effectiveness.
c. need not utilize bold headings as personnel officers often spend an extensive amount of time reading them.
d. contrary to popular opinion, can sport typos and spelling errors yet still have a powerful impact on future employers.
a. is like an art project and must look good.
131
The concept of job clubs as promoted by Azrin et al.
a. is very behavioristic.
b. is indicative of a client-centered approach.
c. is psychodynamic.
d. is appropriate, but not with disabled populations.
a. is very behavioristic.
132
Which counselor would most likely say that we choose a job to meet our needs?
a. Albert Ellis.
b. John O. Crites.
c. John Krumboltz
d. Robert Hoppock.
d. Robert Hoppock
133
All of the following are diffi culties with career testing except
a. stereotyping.
b. the tests all take at least three hours to administer.
c. the counselor may rely too heavily on test results.
d. many tests are biased in favor of White middle-class clients.
b. the tests all take at least three hours to administer.
