Assessment Flashcards
(215 cards)
1
Q
If the mean of a set of test scores is 50 and the standard deviation is 5, which of the following has the highest magnitude (assuming that the scores are normally distributed)? A. A raw score of 60 B. A stanine score of 8 C. A z-score of +3.0 D. A T-score of 70
A
C. A z-score of +3.0
2
Q
Explain z-scores.
A
A z-score directly indicates how many standard deviation units a score falls above or below the mean. For example, a z-score of +1.0 means that the score is one standard deviation above the mean and a z-score of -1.0 indicates that the score is one standard deviation below the mean.
3
Q
Explain stanines.
A
Stanines have a mean of 5 and a standard deviation of approximately 2. Thus, a stanine score of 8 is 1.5 standard deviations above the mean.
4
Q
Explain T-scores.
A
T-scores have a mean of 50 and a standard deviation of 10. Thus, a T-score of 70 is 2 standard deviations above the mean.
5
Q
What has a mean of 5 and a standard deviation of approximately 2?
A
Stanines
6
Q
What has a mean of 50 and a standard deviation of 10?
A
T-score
7
Q
Aptitude tests are to achievement tests as \_\_\_\_\_ is to ability to perform a task. A. General ability B. Ability to learn a task C. Previous learning D. Any of the above
A
B. Ability to learn a task
8
Q
What does an aptitude test measure?
A
An individual’s potential capacity for future learning
9
Q
What does an achievement test measure?
A
What an individual has already learned (i.e., her/his developed capacity)
10
Q
A person got a score of 85 on a norm-referenced test. This means that the person:
A. Insufficient information
B. Mastered 85% of the material covered in the test
C. Achieved a score of better than 83% of those taking the test
D. Answered 83 questions correctly
A
A. Insufficient information
11
Q
Person A and Person B both took the same test. Person A got a score of 100 while Person B got a score of 75. In order for a counselor to determine whether the difference between their scores was because of "chance," the counselor would need to know which of the following characteristics of the test: A. Standard error of measurement B. Standard error of the mean C. Mean D. Standard deviation
A
A. Standard error of measurement
12
Q
If internal consistency is of concern, what reliability coefficient will most likely be used? A. A coefficient of equivalence B. A coefficient of stability C. A coefficient of determination D. Coefficient alpha
A
D. Coefficient alpha
13
Q
When is a coefficient alpha used?
A
To determine a test’s internal consistency reliability by giving a test once to a single group of examinees. A special formula is used to determine the degree of inter-item consistency.
14
Q
Define a coefficient of equivalence.
A
An alternate form of reliability that is measured when 2 equivalent forms of a test are administered to the same group of examinees at about the same time and their scores are correlated
15
Q
Define a coefficient of stability.
A
When the same test is administered to the same group of examinees on 2 different occasions
16
Q
Define the coefficient of determination.
A
The squared correlation between X and Y; it indicates how much of the variability in Y is accounted for by the variability in X
17
Q
To determine a test's split-half reliability for items that are scored on a correct/incorrect scale, one would use which formula: A. Coefficient alpha B. Spearman-Brown prophesy formula C. Kuder-Richardson Formula 20 (KR-20) D. Pearson r
A
C. Kuder-Richardson Formula 20 (KR-20)
18
Q
What is the Spearman-Brown prophecy formula used for?
A
To correct the split-half reliability coefficient by estimating what the reliability coefficient would have been had it been based on the full length of the test
19
Q
What is the Pearson r and when is it used?
A
It is a correlation coefficient that can be used when both variables have been measured on an interval or ratio scale
20
Q
A test of computer skills has a reliability coefficient of 0.75, a mean of 100, and a variance of 16. What is the test's standard error of measurement? A. 2 B. 4 C. 8 D. 16
A
A. 2
21
Q
What is the formula for calculating standard error of measurement?
A
Standard error of measurement (SEM) = (standard deviation of test scores) multiplied by (the square root of [1 minus the reliability coefficient])
22
Q
You develop a test of “common-sense intelligence” and correlate scores on it with another test that purports to measure academic intelligence. Apparently, you wish to:
A. Obtain a high correlation to gain evidence of the test’s convergent validity
B. Obtain a low correlation to gain evidence of the test’s convergent validity
C. Obtain a high correlation to gain evidence of the test’s divergent validity
D. Obtain a low correlation to gain evidence of the test’s divergent validity
A
D. Obtain a low correlation to gain evidence of the test’s divergent validity
23
Q
Which item difficulty level is associated with the greatest differentiation between examinees of high and low ability? A. +1.0 B. 0.50 C. 0.01 D. -0.50
A
B. 0.50
24
Q
What does an item difficulty level of 0.05 mean?
A
It means that 50% of examinees answered the question correctly. Ideally, it will be those examinees with the greatest ability who answered the question correctly and those with the lowest ability who answered it incorrectly. You are best able to differentiate those with low ability from those with high ability with a difficulty level of 0.50.
25
Appraisal can be defined as
a. the process of assessing or estimating attributes.
b. testing which is always performed in a group setting.
c. testing which is always performed on a single individual.
d. a pencil and paper measurement of assessing attributes.
a. the process of assessing or estimating attributes.
26
A test can be defi ned as a systematic method of measuring a sample of behavior. Test format refers to the manner in which test items are presented. The format of an essay test is considered a(n) _______ format.
a. subjective.
b. objective.
c. very precise.
d. concise.
a. subjective.
27
The National Counselor Exam (NCE) is a(n) _______ test because the scoring procedure is specific.
a. subjective.
b. objective.
c. projective.
d. subtest.
b. objective.
28
A short answer test is a(n) _______ test.
a. objective.
b. culture free.
c. forced choice.
d. free choice.
d. free choice.
29
The NCE is a(n) _______ test.
a. free choice.
b. forced choice.
c. projective.
d. intelligence.
b. forced choice.
30
The _______ index indicates the percentage of individuals who answered each item correctly.
a. difficulty.
b. critical.
c. intelligence.
d. personal.
a. difficulty.
31
Short answer tests and projective measures utilize free response items. The NCE and the CPCE uses forced choice or so-called _______ items.
a. vague.
b. subjective.
c. recognition.
d. numerical.
c. recognition.
32
A true/false test has _______ recognition items.
a. similar.
b. free choice.
c. dichotomous.
d. no.
c. dichotomous.
33
A test format could be normative or ipsative. In the normative format
a. each item depends on the item before it.
b. each item depends on the item after it.
c. the client must possess an IQ within the normal range.
d. each item is independent of all other items.
d. each item is independent of all other items.
34
A client who takes a normative test
a. cannot legitimately be compared to others who have taken the test.
b. can legitimately be compared to others who have taken the test.
c. could not have taken an IQ test.
d. could not have taken a personality test.
b. can legitimately be compared to others who have taken the test.
35
In an ipsative measure the person taking the test must compare items to one another. The result is that
a. an ipsative measure cannot be utilized for career guidance.
b. you cannot legitimately compare two or more people who have taken an ipsative test.
c. an ipsative measure is never valid.
d. an ipsative measure is never reliable.
b. you cannot legitimately compare two or more people who have taken an ipsative test.
36
Tests are often classifi ed as speed tests versus power tests. A timed typing test used to hire secretaries would be
a. a power test.
b. neither a speed test nor a power test.
c. a speed test.
d. a fi ne example of an ipsative measure.
c. a speed test.
37
A counseling test consists of 300 forced response items. The person taking the test can take as long as he or she wants to answer the questions.
a. This is most likely a projective measure.
b. This is most likely a speed test.
c. This is most likely a power test.
d. This is most likely an invalid measure.
c. This is most likely a power test.
38
An achievement test measures maximum performance while a personality test or interest inventory measures
a. typical performance.
b. minimum performance.
c. unconscious traits.
d. self-esteem by always relying on a Q-Sort design.
a. typical performance.
39
In a spiral test
a. the items get progressively easier.
b. the diffi culty of the items remains constant.
c. the client must answer each question in a specified period of time.
d. the items get progressively more diffi cult.
d. the items get progressively more diffi cult.
40
In a cyclical test
a. the items get progressively easier.
b. the difficulty of the items remains constant.
c. you have several sections which are spiral in nature.
d. the client must answer each question in a specified periodof time.
c. you have several sections which are spiral in nature.
41
A test battery is considered
a. a horizontal test.
b. a vertical test.
c. a valid test.
d. a reliable test.
a. a horizontal test.
42
In a counseling research study two groups of subjects took a test with the same name. However, when they talked with each other they discovered that the questions were different. The researcher assured both groups that they were given the same test. How is this possible?
a. The researcher is not telling the truth. The groups could not possibly have taken the same test.
b. The test was horizontal.
c. The test was not a power test.
d. The researcher gave parallel forms of the same test.
d. The researcher gave parallel forms of the same test.
43
The most critical factors in test selection are
a. the length of the test and the number of people who took the test in the norming process.
b. horizontal versus vertical.
c. validity and reliability.
d. spiral versus cyclical format.
c. validity and reliability.
44
Which is more important, validity or reliability?
a. Reliability.
b. They are equally important.
c. Validity.
d. It depends on the test in question.
c. Validity.
45
In the fi eld of testing, validity refers to
a. whether the test really measures what it purports to measure.
b. whether the same test gives consistent measurement.
c. the degree of cultural bias in a test.
d. the fact that numerous tests measure the same traits.
a. whether the test really measures what it purports to measure.
46
A counselor peruses a testing catalog in search of a test which will repeatedly give consistent results. The counselor
a. is interested in reliability.
b. is interested in validity.
c. is looking for information which is not available.
d. is magnifying an unimportant issue.
a. is interested in reliability.
47
Which measure would yield the highest level of reliability?
a. A TAT, projective test popular with psychodynamic helpers.
b. The WAIS-III, a popular IQ test.
c. The MMPI-2, a popular personality test.
d. A very accurate scale.
d. A very accurate scale.
48
Construct validity refers to the extent that a test measures an abstract trait or psychological notion. An example would be
a. height.
b. weight.
c. ego strength.
d. the ability to name all men who have served as U.S. presidents.
c. ego strength.
49
Face validity refers to the extent that a test
a. looks or appears to measure the intended attribute.
b. measures a theoretical construct.
c. appears to be constructed in an artistic fashion.
d. can be compared to job performance.
a. looks or appears to measure the intended attribute.
50
A job test which predicted future performance on a job very well would
a. have high criterion/predictive validity.
b. have excellent face validity.
c. have excellent construct validity.
d. not have incremental validity or synthetic validity.
a. have high criterion/predictive validity.
51
A new IQ test which yielded results nearly identical to other standardized measures would be said to have
a. good concurrent validity.
b. good face validity.
c. superb internal consistency.
d. all of the above.
a. good concurrent validity.
52
When a counselor tells a client that the Graduate Record Examination (GRE) will predict her ability to handle graduate work, the counselor is referring to
a. good concurrent validity.
b. construct validity.
c. face validity.
d. predictive validity.
d. predictive validity.
53
A reliable test is _______ valid.
a. always.
b. 90%.
c. not always.
d. 80%.
c. not always.
54
A valid test is _______ reliable.
a. not always.
b. always.
c. never.
d. 80%.
b. always.
55
One method of testing reliability is to give the same test to the same group of people two times and then correlate the scores. This is called
a. test–retest reliability.
b. equivalent forms reliability.
c. alternate forms reliability.
d. the split-half method.
a. test–retest reliability.
56
One method of testing reliability is to give the same population alternate forms of the identical test. Each form will have the same psychometric/statistical properties as the original instrument. This is known as
a. test–retest reliability.
b. equivalent or alternate forms reliability.
c. the split-half method.
d. internal consistency.
b. equivalent or alternate forms reliability.
57
A counselor doing research decided to split a standardized test in half by using the even items as one test and the odd items as a second test and then correlating them. The counselor
a. used an invalid procedure to test reliability.
b. was testing reliability via the split-half method.
c. was testing reliability via the equivalent forms method.
d. was testing reliability via the inter-rater method.
b. was testing reliability via the split-half method.
58
Which method of reliability testing would be useful with an essay test but not with a test of algebra problems?
a. test–retest.
b. alternate forms.
c. split-half.
d. interrater/interobserver.
d. interrater/interobserver.
59
A reliability coeffi cient of 1.00 indicates
a. a lot of variance in the test.
b. a score with a high level of error.
c. a perfect score which has no error.
d. a typical correlation on most psychological and counseling
tests.
c. a perfect score which has no error.
60
An excellent psychological or counseling test would have a reliability coefficient of
a. 50.
b. .90.
c. 1.00.
d. −.90.
b. .90.
61
A researcher working with a personality test discovers that the test has a reliability coefficient of .70 which is somewhat typical. This indicates that
a. 70% of the score is accurate while 30% is inaccurate.
b. 30% of the people who are tested will receive accurate
scores.
c. 70% of the people who are tested will receive accurate
scores.
d. 30% of the score is accurate while 70% is inaccurate.
a. 70% of the score is accurate while 30% is inaccurate.
62
A career counselor is using a test for job selection purposes. An acceptable reliability coefficient would be _______ or higher.
a. .20.
b. .55.
c. .80.
d. .70.
c. .80.
63
The same test is given to the same group of people using the test-retest reliability method. The correlation between the first and second administration is .70. The true variance (i.e., the percentage of shared variance or the level of the same thing measured in both) is
a. 70%.
b. 100%.
c. 50%.
d. 49%.
d. 49%.
64
IQ means
a. a query of intelligence.
b. indicationofintelligence.
c. intelligence quotient.
d. intelligence questions for test construction.
c. intelligence quotient.
65
_______ did research and concluded that intelligence was normally distributed like height or weight and that it was primarily genetic.
a. Spearman.
b. Guilford.
c. Williamson.
d. FrancisGalton.
d. FrancisGalton.
66
Francis Galton felt intelligence was
a. a unitary faculty.
b. best explained via a two factor theory.
c. best explained via the person’s environment.
d. fluid and crystallized in nature.
a. a unitary faculty.
67
J. P. Guilford isolated 120 factors which added up to intelligence. He also is remembered for his
a. thoughts on convergent and divergent thinking.
b. work on cognitive therapy.
c. work on behavior therapy.
d. work to create the first standardized IQ test.
a. thoughts on convergent and divergent thinking.
68
A counselor is told by his supervisor to measure the internal con- sistency reliability (i.e., homogeneity) of a test but not to divide the test in halves. The counselor would need to utilize
a. the split-half method.
b. the test–retest method.
c. the Kuder-Richardson coefficients of equivalence.
d. cross-validation.
c. the Kuder-Richardson coefficients of equivalence.
69
The first intelligence test was created by
a. DavidWechsler.
b. J. P. Guilford.
c. FrancisGalton.
d. Alfred Binet and Theodore Simon.
d. Alfred Binet and Theodore Simon.
70
IQ stands for intelligence quotient, which is expressed by
a. CA/MA×100.
b. CA/MA×100.
c. MA/CA×50.
d. MA/CA×100.
d. MA/CA×100.
71
The Binet stressed age-related tasks. Utilizing this method, a 9- year-old task would be one which
a. only a 10-year-old child could answer.
b. only an 8-year-old child could answer.
c. 50% of the 9-year-olds could answer correctly.
d. 75% of the 9-year-olds could answer correctly.
c. 50% of the 9-year-olds could answer correctly.
72
Simon and Binet pioneered the first IQ test around 1905. The
test was created to
a. assess high school seniors in America.
b. assess U.S. military recruits.
c. discriminate normal from retarded Parisian children.
d. measure genius in the college population.
c. discriminate normal from retarded Parisian children.
73
Today the Stanford-Binet is used from ages 2 to adulthood. The IQ formula has been replaced by the
a. SAS.
b. SUDS.
c. entropy.
d. ACPA.
a. SAS.
74
Most experts would agree that the Wechsler IQ tests gained popularity, as the Binet
a. must be administered in a group.
b. favored the geriatric population.
c. didn’t seem to be the best test for adults.
d. was biased toward women.
c. didn’t seem to be the best test for adults.
75
The best IQ test for a 22-year-old single male would be the
a. WPPSI-III.
b. WAIS-III.
c. WISC-IV.
d. Computer-based testing.
b. WAIS-III.
76
The best intelligence test for a sixth-grade girl would be the
a. WPPSI-III.
b. WAIS-III.
c. WISC-IV.
d. Merrill-Palmer.
c. WISC-IV.
77
The best intelligence test for a kindergartner would be the
a. WPPSI-III.
b. WAIS-III.
c. WISC-IV.
d. Myers-BriggsTypeIndicator.
a. WPPSI-III.
78
The mean on the Wechsler and the Binet is _______ and the standard deviation is _______.
a. 100;100.
b. 100; 15 Wechsler, 16 Stanford-Binet.
c. 100;20.
d. 100;1.
b. 100; 15 Wechsler, 16 Stanford-Binet.
79
Group IQ tests like the Otis Lennon, the Lorge-Thorndike, and the California Test of Mental Abilities are popular in school set- tings. The advantage is that
a. group tests are quicker to administer.
b. group tests are superior in terms of predicting school performance.
c. group tests always have a higher degree of reliability.
d. individual IQ tests are not appropriate for school children.
a. group tests are quicker to administer.
80
The group IQ test movement began
a. in1905.
b. with the work of Binet.
c. with the Army Alpha and Army Beta in World War I.
d. with the AGCT in World War II.
c. with the Army Alpha and Army Beta in World War I.
81
In a culture-fair test
a. items are known to the subject regardless of his or her culture.
b. the test is not standardized.
c. culture-free items cannot be utilized.
d. African Americans generally score higher than Whites.
a. items are known to the subject regardless of his or her culture.
82
The Black versus White IQ controversy was sparked mainly by a 1969 article written by _______.
a. JohnErtl.
b. RaymondB.Cattell.
c. ArthurJensen.
d. RobertWilliams.
c. ArthurJensen.
83
The MMPI-2 is
a. anIQtest.
b. a neurological test.
c. a projective personality test.
d. a standardized personality test.
d. a standardized personality test.
84
The word psychometric means
a. a form of measurement used by a neurologist.
b. any form of mental testing.
c. a mental trait which cannot be measured.
d. the test relies on a summated or linear rating scale.
b. any form of mental testing.
85
In a projective test the client is shown
a. something which is highly reinforcing.
b. something which is highly charged from an emotional
standpoint.
c. a and b.
d. neutral stimuli.
d. neutral stimuli.
86
The 16 PF reflects the work of
a. RaymondB.Cattell.
b. CarlJung.
c. JamesMcKeenCattell.
d. OscarK.Buros.
a. RaymondB.Cattell.
87
The Myers-Briggs Type Indicator reflects the work of
a. RaymondB.Cattell.
b. CarlJung.
c. WilliamGlasser.
d. OscarK.Buros.
b. CarlJung.
88
The counselor who favors projective measures would most likely be a
a. Rogerian.
b. strictbehaviorist.
c. TAtherapist.
d. psychodynamic clinician.
d. psychodynamic clinician.
89
An aptitude test is to _______ as an achievement test is to ____ ___.
a. what has been learned; potential.
b. potential; what has been learned.
c. profit from learning; potential.
d. a measurement of current skills; potential.
b. potential; what has been learned.
90
Both the Rorschach and the Thematic Apperception Test (TAT) are projective tests. The Rorschach uses 10 inkblot cards while the TAT uses
a. a dozen inkblot cards.
b. verbal and performance IQ scales.
c. pictures.
d. incomplete sentences.
c. pictures.
91
Test bias primarily results from
a. a test being normed solely on White middle-class clients.
b. the use of projective measures.
c. using Whites to score the test.
d. using IQ rather than personality tests.
a. a test being normed solely on White middle-class clients.
92
A counselor who fears the client has an organic, neurological, or motoric difficulty would most likely use the
a. BenderGestalt.
b. Rorschach.
c. Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory.
d. ThematicApperceptionTest.
a. BenderGestalt.
93
An interest inventory would be least valid when used with
a. a first-year college student majoring in philosophy.
b. a third-year college student majoring in physics.
c. an eighth-grade male with an IQ of 136.
d. a 46-year-old White male construction worker.
c. an eighth-grade male with an IQ of 136.
94
One major criticism of interest inventories is that
a. they have far too many questions.
b. they are most appropriate for very young children.
c. they emphasize professional positions and minimize blue collar jobs.
d. they favor female pursuits.
c. they emphasize professional positions and minimize blue collar jobs.
95
Interest inventories are positive in the sense that
a. they are reliable and not threatening to the test taker.
b. they are always graded by the test taker.
c. they require little or no reading skills.
d. they have high validity in nearly all age brackets.
a. they are reliable and not threatening to the test taker.
96
A counselor who had an interest primarily in testing would most likely be a member of
a. ASGW.
b. AMECD.
c. NASW.
d. AHEAD.
b. AMECD.
97
The NCE is
a. an intelligence test.
b. an aptitude test.
c. a personality test.
d. an achievement test.
d. an achievement test.
98
The _______ are examples of aptitude tests.
a. GATB, the O*NET Ability Profiler, and the MCAT.
b. GZTS and the MMPI.
c. CPI and the MMPI. d. Strong and the LSAT.
a. GATB, the O*NET Ability Profiler, and the MCAT.
99
One problem with interest inventories is that the person often tries to answer the questions in a socially acceptable manner. Psychometricians call this response style phenomenon
a. standarderror.
b. social desirability (the right way to feel in society).
c. cultural bias.
d. acquiescence.
b. social desirability (the right way to feel in society).
100
An aptitude test predicts future behavior while an achievement test measures what you have mastered or learned. In the case of a test like _______ the distinction is unclear.
a. Binet.
b. Wechsler.
c. GRE.
d. Bender.
c. GRE.
101
Your supervisor wants you to find a new personality test for your counseling agency. You should read
a. professional journals.
b. the Buros Mental Measurements Yearbook.
c. classic textbooks in the fi eld as well as test materials produced by the testing company.
d. all of the above.
d. all of the above.
101
Your supervisor wants you to find a new personality test for your counseling agency. You should read
a. professional journals.
b. the Buros Mental Measurements Yearbook.
c. classic textbooks in the fi eld as well as test materials produced by the testing company.
d. all of the above.
d. all of the above.
102
The standard error of measurement tells you
a. how accurate or inaccurate a test score is.
b. what population responds best to the test.
c. the accuracy for personality but not IQ tests.
d. the number of people used in norming the test.
a. how accurate or inaccurate a test score is.
102
The standard error of measurement tells you
a. how accurate or inaccurate a test score is.
b. what population responds best to the test.
c. the accuracy for personality but not IQ tests.
d. the number of people used in norming the test.
a. how accurate or inaccurate a test score is.
103
A new IQ test has a standard error of measurement of 3. Tom scores 106 on the test. If he takes the test a lot, we can predict that about 68% of the time
a. Tom will score between 100 and 103.
b. Tom will score between 100 and 106.
c. Tom will score between 103 and 109.
d. Tom will score higher than Betty who scored 139.
c. Tom will score between 103 and 109.
103
A new IQ test has a standard error of measurement of 3. Tom scores 106 on the test. If he takes the test a lot, we can predict that about 68% of the time
a. Tom will score between 100 and 103.
b. Tom will score between 100 and 106.
c. Tom will score between 103 and 109.
d. Tom will score higher than Betty who scored 139.
c. Tom will score between 103 and 109.
104
A counselor created an achievement test with a reliability coefficient of .82. The test is shortened since many clients felt it was too long. The counselor shortened the test but logically assumed that the reliability coeffi cient would now
a. be approximately .88.
b. remain at .82.
c. be at least 10 points higher or lower.
d. be lower than .82.
d. be lower than .82.
104
A counselor created an achievement test with a reliability coefficient of .82. The test is shortened since many clients felt it was too long. The counselor shortened the test but logically assumed that the reliability coeffi cient would now
a. be approximately .88.
b. remain at .82.
c. be at least 10 points higher or lower.
d. be lower than .82.
d. be lower than .82.
105
A counselor can utilize psychological tests to help secure a _______ diagnosis if third party payments are necessary.
a. AACD.
b. DSM or ICD.
c. percentile.
d. standard error.
b. DSM or ICD.
105
A counselor can utilize psychological tests to help secure a _______ diagnosis if third party payments are necessary.
a. AACD.
b. DSM or ICD.
c. percentile.
d. standard error.
b. DSM or ICD.
106
A colleague of yours invents a new projective test. Seventeen counselors rated the same client using the measure and came up with nearly identical assessments. This would indicate
a. high validity.
b. high reliability.
c. excellent norming studies.
d. culture fairness.
b. high reliability.
106
A colleague of yours invents a new projective test. Seventeen counselors rated the same client using the measure and came up with nearly identical assessments. This would indicate
a. high validity.
b. high reliability.
c. excellent norming studies.
d. culture fairness.
b. high reliability.
107
Counselors often shy away from self-reports since
a. clients often give inaccurate answers.
b. ACA ethics do not allow them.
c. clients need a very high IQ to understand them.
d. they are generally very lengthy.
a. clients often give inaccurate answers.
107
Counselors often shy away from self-reports since
a. clients often give inaccurate answers.
b. ACA ethics do not allow them.
c. clients need a very high IQ to understand them.
d. they are generally very lengthy.
a. clients often give inaccurate answers.
108
In most instances, who would be the best qualified to give the Rorschach Inkblot Test?
a. A counselor with NCC, NCCC after his or her name.
b. A clinical psychologist.
c. A D.O. psychiatrist.
d. A social worker with ACSW after his or her name.
b. A clinical psychologist.
108
In most instances, who would be the best qualified to give the Rorschach Inkblot Test?
a. A counselor with NCC, NCCC after his or her name.
b. A clinical psychologist.
c. A D.O. psychiatrist.
d. A social worker with ACSW after his or her name.
b. A clinical psychologist.
109
Your client, who is in an outpatient hospital program, is keeping a journal of irrational thoughts. This would be
a. an unethical practice based on NBCC ethical guidelines.
b. considered a standardized test.
c. an informal assessment technique.
d. an aptitude measure.
c. an informal assessment technique.
109
Your client, who is in an outpatient hospital program, is keeping a journal of irrational thoughts. This would be
a. an unethical practice based on NBCC ethical guidelines.
b. considered a standardized test.
c. an informal assessment technique.
d. an aptitude measure.
c. an informal assessment technique.
110
You are uncertain whether a test is intended for the population served by your not-for-profit agency. The best method of researching this dilemma would be to
a. contact a local APA clinical psychology graduate program.
b. make a long distance call to the person who created the test.
c. read the test manual included with the test.
d. give the test to six or more clients at random.
c. read the test manual included with the test
110
You are uncertain whether a test is intended for the population served by your not-for-profit agency. The best method of researching this dilemma would be to
a. contact a local APA clinical psychology graduate program.
b. make a long distance call to the person who created the test.
c. read the test manual included with the test.
d. give the test to six or more clients at random.
c. read the test manual included with the test
111
Clients should know that
a. validity is more important than reliability.
b. projective tests favor psychodynamic theory.
c. face validity is not that important.
d. a test is merely a single source of data and not infallible.
d. a test is merely a single source of data and not infallible.
111
Clients should know that
a. validity is more important than reliability.
b. projective tests favor psychodynamic theory.
c. face validity is not that important.
d. a test is merely a single source of data and not infallible.
d. a test is merely a single source of data and not infallible.
112
One major testing trend is
a. computer-assisted testing and computer interpretations.
b. more paper and pencil measures.
c. to give school children at least three IQ tests per year.
d. to train pastoral counselors to do projective testing.
a. computer-assisted testing and computer interpretations.
112
One major testing trend is
a. computer-assisted testing and computer interpretations.
b. more paper and pencil measures.
c. to give school children at least three IQ tests per year.
d. to train pastoral counselors to do projective testing.
a. computer-assisted testing and computer interpretations.
113
One future trend which seems contradictory is that some experts are pushing for
a. a greater reliance on tests while others want to rely on them less.
b. social workers to do most of the testing.
c. psychiatrists to do most of the testing.
d. counselors to ban all computer-assisted tests.
a. a greater reliance on tests while others want to rely on them less.
113
One future trend which seems contradictory is that some experts are pushing for
a. a greater reliance on tests while others want to rely on them less.
b. social workers to do most of the testing.
c. psychiatrists to do most of the testing.
d. counselors to ban all computer-assisted tests.
a. a greater reliance on tests while others want to rely on them less.
114
Most counselors would agree that
a. more preschool IQ testing is necessary.
b. teachers need to give more personality tests.
c. more public education is needed in the area of testing.
d. the testing mystique has been benefi cial to the general public.
c. more public education is needed in the area of testing.
114
Most counselors would agree that
a. more preschool IQ testing is necessary.
b. teachers need to give more personality tests.
c. more public education is needed in the area of testing.
d. the testing mystique has been benefi cial to the general public.
c. more public education is needed in the area of testing.
115
_______ would be an informal method of appraisal.
a. IQ testing.
b. Standardized personality testing.
c. GRE scores.
d. A checklist.
d. A checklist.
115
_______ would be an informal method of appraisal.
a. IQ testing.
b. Standardized personality testing.
c. GRE scores.
d. A checklist.
d. A checklist.
116
The WAIS-III is given to 100,000 individuals in the United States who are picked at random. A counselor would expect that
a. approximately 68% would score between 85 and 115.
b. approximately 68% would score between 70 and 130.
c. the mean IQ would be 112.
d. 50% of those tested would score 112 or above.
a. approximately 68% would score between 85 and 115.
116
The WAIS-III is given to 100,000 individuals in the United States who are picked at random. A counselor would expect that
a. approximately 68% would score between 85 and 115.
b. approximately 68% would score between 70 and 130.
c. the mean IQ would be 112.
d. 50% of those tested would score 112 or above.
a. approximately 68% would score between 85 and 115.
117
A word association test would be an example of
a. a neuropsychological test.
b. a motoric test.
c. an achievement test.
d. a projective test.
d. a projective test.
117
A word association test would be an example of
a. a neuropsychological test.
b. a motoric test.
c. an achievement test.
d. a projective test.
d. a projective test.
118
Infant IQ tests are
a. more reliable than those given later in life.
b. more unreliable than those given later in life.
c. not related to learning experiences.
d. never used.
b. more unreliable than those given later in life.
118
Infant IQ tests are
a. more reliable than those given later in life.
b. more unreliable than those given later in life.
c. not related to learning experiences.
d. never used.
b. more unreliable than those given later in life.
119
A good practice for counselors is to
a. always test the client yourself rather than referring the client for testing.
b. never generalize on the basis of a single test score.
c. stay away from culture-free tests.
d. stay away from scoring the test yourself.
b. never generalize on the basis of a single test score.
119
A good practice for counselors is to
a. always test the client yourself rather than referring the client for testing.
b. never generalize on the basis of a single test score.
c. stay away from culture-free tests.
d. stay away from scoring the test yourself.
b. never generalize on the basis of a single test score.
120
You want to admit only 25% of all counselors to an advanced training program in psychodynamic group therapy. The item difficulty on the entrance exam for applicants would be best set at
a. 0.0.
b. .5 regardless of the admission requirement.
c. 1.0.
d. .25.
d. .25.
120
You want to admit only 25% of all counselors to an advanced training program in psychodynamic group therapy. The item difficulty on the entrance exam for applicants would be best set at
a. 0.0.
b. .5 regardless of the admission requirement.
c. 1.0.
d. .25.
d. .25.
121
According to Public Law 93–380, also known as the Buckley Amendment, a 19-year-old college student attending college
a. could view her record, which included test data.
b. could view her daughter’s infant IQ test given at preschool.
c. could demand a correction she discovered while reading a file.
d. all of the above.
d. all of the above.
121
According to Public Law 93–380, also known as the Buckley Amendment, a 19-year-old college student attending college
a. could view her record, which included test data.
b. could view her daughter’s infant IQ test given at preschool.
c. could demand a correction she discovered while reading a file.
d. all of the above.
d. all of the above.
122
Lewis Terman
a. constructed the Wechsler tests.
b. constructed the initial Binet prior to 1910.
c. constructed the Rorschach.
d. Americanized the Binet.
d. Americanized the Binet.
122
Lewis Terman
a. constructed the Wechsler tests.
b. constructed the initial Binet prior to 1910.
c. constructed the Rorschach.
d. Americanized the Binet.
d. Americanized the Binet.
123
In constructing a test you notice that all 75 people correctly answered item number 12. This gives you an item difficulty of
a. 1.2.
b. .75.
c. 1.0.
d. 0.0.
c. 1.0.
123
In constructing a test you notice that all 75 people correctly answered item number 12. This gives you an item difficulty of
a. 1.2.
b. .75.
c. 1.0.
d. 0.0.
c. 1.0.
124
Your supervisor wants you to find a new personality test for your counseling agency. You should read
a. professional journals.
b. the Buros Mental Measurements Yearbook.
c. classic textbooks in the fi eld as well as test materials produced by the testing company.
d. all of the above.
d. all of the above.
125
The standard error of measurement tells you
a. how accurate or inaccurate a test score is.
b. what population responds best to the test.
c. the accuracy for personality but not IQ tests.
d. the number of people used in norming the test.
a. how accurate or inaccurate a test score is.
126
A new IQ test has a standard error of measurement of 3. Tom scores 106 on the test. If he takes the test a lot, we can predict that about 68% of the time
a. Tom will score between 100 and 103.
b. Tom will score between 100 and 106.
c. Tom will score between 103 and 109.
d. Tom will score higher than Betty who scored 139.
c. Tom will score between 103 and 109.
127
A counselor created an achievement test with a reliability coefficient of .82. The test is shortened since many clients felt it was too long. The counselor shortened the test but logically assumed that the reliability coeffi cient would now
a. be approximately .88.
b. remain at .82.
c. be at least 10 points higher or lower.
d. be lower than .82.
d. be lower than .82.
128
A counselor can utilize psychological tests to help secure a _______ diagnosis if third party payments are necessary.
a. AACD.
b. DSM or ICD.
c. percentile.
d. standard error.
b. DSM or ICD.
129
A colleague of yours invents a new projective test. Seventeen counselors rated the same client using the measure and came up with nearly identical assessments. This would indicate
a. high validity.
b. high reliability.
c. excellent norming studies.
d. culture fairness.
b. high reliability.
130
Counselors often shy away from self-reports since
a. clients often give inaccurate answers.
b. ACA ethics do not allow them.
c. clients need a very high IQ to understand them.
d. they are generally very lengthy.
a. clients often give inaccurate answers.
131
In most instances, who would be the best qualified to give the Rorschach Inkblot Test?
a. A counselor with NCC, NCCC after his or her name.
b. A clinical psychologist.
c. A D.O. psychiatrist.
d. A social worker with ACSW after his or her name.
b. A clinical psychologist.
132
Your client, who is in an outpatient hospital program, is keeping a journal of irrational thoughts. This would be
a. an unethical practice based on NBCC ethical guidelines.
b. considered a standardized test.
c. an informal assessment technique.
d. an aptitude measure.
c. an informal assessment technique.
133
You are uncertain whether a test is intended for the population served by your not-for-profit agency. The best method of researching this dilemma would be to
a. contact a local APA clinical psychology graduate program.
b. make a long distance call to the person who created the test.
c. read the test manual included with the test.
d. give the test to six or more clients at random.
c. read the test manual included with the test
134
Clients should know that
a. validity is more important than reliability.
b. projective tests favor psychodynamic theory.
c. face validity is not that important.
d. a test is merely a single source of data and not infallible.
d. a test is merely a single source of data and not infallible.
135
One major testing trend is
a. computer-assisted testing and computer interpretations.
b. more paper and pencil measures.
c. to give school children at least three IQ tests per year.
d. to train pastoral counselors to do projective testing.
a. computer-assisted testing and computer interpretations.
136
One future trend which seems contradictory is that some experts are pushing for
a. a greater reliance on tests while others want to rely on them less.
b. social workers to do most of the testing.
c. psychiatrists to do most of the testing.
d. counselors to ban all computer-assisted tests.
a. a greater reliance on tests while others want to rely on them less.
137
Most counselors would agree that
a. more preschool IQ testing is necessary.
b. teachers need to give more personality tests.
c. more public education is needed in the area of testing.
d. the testing mystique has been benefi cial to the general public.
c. more public education is needed in the area of testing.
138
_______ would be an informal method of appraisal.
a. IQ testing.
b. Standardized personality testing.
c. GRE scores.
d. A checklist.
d. A checklist.
139
The WAIS-III is given to 100,000 individuals in the United States who are picked at random. A counselor would expect that
a. approximately 68% would score between 85 and 115.
b. approximately 68% would score between 70 and 130.
c. the mean IQ would be 112.
d. 50% of those tested would score 112 or above.
a. approximately 68% would score between 85 and 115.
140
A word association test would be an example of
a. a neuropsychological test.
b. a motoric test.
c. an achievement test.
d. a projective test.
d. a projective test.
141
Infant IQ tests are
a. more reliable than those given later in life.
b. more unreliable than those given later in life.
c. not related to learning experiences.
d. never used.
b. more unreliable than those given later in life.
142
A good practice for counselors is to
a. always test the client yourself rather than referring the client for testing.
b. never generalize on the basis of a single test score.
c. stay away from culture-free tests.
d. stay away from scoring the test yourself.
b. never generalize on the basis of a single test score.
143
You want to admit only 25% of all counselors to an advanced training program in psychodynamic group therapy. The item difficulty on the entrance exam for applicants would be best set at
a. 0.0.
b. .5 regardless of the admission requirement.
c. 1.0.
d. .25.
d. .25.
144
According to Public Law 93–380, also known as the Buckley Amendment, a 19-year-old college student attending college
a. could view her record, which included test data.
b. could view her daughter’s infant IQ test given at preschool.
c. could demand a correction she discovered while reading a file.
d. all of the above.
d. all of the above.
145
Lewis Terman
a. constructed the Wechsler tests.
b. constructed the initial Binet prior to 1910.
c. constructed the Rorschach.
d. Americanized the Binet.
d. Americanized the Binet.
146
In constructing a test you notice that all 75 people correctly answered item number 12. This gives you an item difficulty of
a. 1.2.
b. .75.
c. 1.0.
d. 0.0.
c. 1.0.
147
Your supervisor wants you to find a new personality test for your counseling agency. You should read
a. professional journals.
b. the Buros Mental Measurements Yearbook.
c. classic textbooks in the fi eld as well as test materials produced by the testing company.
d. all of the above.
d. all of the above.
148
The standard error of measurement tells you
a. how accurate or inaccurate a test score is.
b. what population responds best to the test.
c. the accuracy for personality but not IQ tests.
d. the number of people used in norming the test.
a. how accurate or inaccurate a test score is.
149
A new IQ test has a standard error of measurement of 3. Tom scores 106 on the test. If he takes the test a lot, we can predict that about 68% of the time
a. Tom will score between 100 and 103.
b. Tom will score between 100 and 106.
c. Tom will score between 103 and 109.
d. Tom will score higher than Betty who scored 139.
c. Tom will score between 103 and 109.
150
A counselor created an achievement test with a reliability coefficient of .82. The test is shortened since many clients felt it was too long. The counselor shortened the test but logically assumed that the reliability coeffi cient would now
a. be approximately .88.
b. remain at .82.
c. be at least 10 points higher or lower.
d. be lower than .82.
d. be lower than .82.
151
A counselor can utilize psychological tests to help secure a _______ diagnosis if third party payments are necessary.
a. AACD.
b. DSM or ICD.
c. percentile.
d. standard error.
b. DSM or ICD.
152
A colleague of yours invents a new projective test. Seventeen counselors rated the same client using the measure and came up with nearly identical assessments. This would indicate
a. high validity.
b. high reliability.
c. excellent norming studies.
d. culture fairness.
b. high reliability.
153
Counselors often shy away from self-reports since
a. clients often give inaccurate answers.
b. ACA ethics do not allow them.
c. clients need a very high IQ to understand them.
d. they are generally very lengthy.
a. clients often give inaccurate answers.
154
In most instances, who would be the best qualified to give the Rorschach Inkblot Test?
a. A counselor with NCC, NCCC after his or her name.
b. A clinical psychologist.
c. A D.O. psychiatrist.
d. A social worker with ACSW after his or her name.
b. A clinical psychologist.
155
Your client, who is in an outpatient hospital program, is keeping a journal of irrational thoughts. This would be
a. an unethical practice based on NBCC ethical guidelines.
b. considered a standardized test.
c. an informal assessment technique.
d. an aptitude measure.
c. an informal assessment technique.
156
You are uncertain whether a test is intended for the population served by your not-for-profit agency. The best method of researching this dilemma would be to
a. contact a local APA clinical psychology graduate program.
b. make a long distance call to the person who created the test.
c. read the test manual included with the test.
d. give the test to six or more clients at random.
c. read the test manual included with the test
157
Clients should know that
a. validity is more important than reliability.
b. projective tests favor psychodynamic theory.
c. face validity is not that important.
d. a test is merely a single source of data and not infallible.
d. a test is merely a single source of data and not infallible.
158
One major testing trend is
a. computer-assisted testing and computer interpretations.
b. more paper and pencil measures.
c. to give school children at least three IQ tests per year.
d. to train pastoral counselors to do projective testing.
a. computer-assisted testing and computer interpretations.
159
One future trend which seems contradictory is that some experts are pushing for
a. a greater reliance on tests while others want to rely on them less.
b. social workers to do most of the testing.
c. psychiatrists to do most of the testing.
d. counselors to ban all computer-assisted tests.
a. a greater reliance on tests while others want to rely on them less.
160
Most counselors would agree that
a. more preschool IQ testing is necessary.
b. teachers need to give more personality tests.
c. more public education is needed in the area of testing.
d. the testing mystique has been benefi cial to the general public.
c. more public education is needed in the area of testing.
161
_______ would be an informal method of appraisal.
a. IQ testing.
b. Standardized personality testing.
c. GRE scores.
d. A checklist.
d. A checklist.
162
The WAIS-III is given to 100,000 individuals in the United States who are picked at random. A counselor would expect that
a. approximately 68% would score between 85 and 115.
b. approximately 68% would score between 70 and 130.
c. the mean IQ would be 112.
d. 50% of those tested would score 112 or above.
a. approximately 68% would score between 85 and 115.
163
A word association test would be an example of
a. a neuropsychological test.
b. a motoric test.
c. an achievement test.
d. a projective test.
d. a projective test.
164
Infant IQ tests are
a. more reliable than those given later in life.
b. more unreliable than those given later in life.
c. not related to learning experiences.
d. never used.
b. more unreliable than those given later in life.
165
A good practice for counselors is to
a. always test the client yourself rather than referring the client for testing.
b. never generalize on the basis of a single test score.
c. stay away from culture-free tests.
d. stay away from scoring the test yourself.
b. never generalize on the basis of a single test score.
166
You want to admit only 25% of all counselors to an advanced training program in psychodynamic group therapy. The item difficulty on the entrance exam for applicants would be best set at
a. 0.0.
b. .5 regardless of the admission requirement.
c. 1.0.
d. .25.
d. .25.
167
According to Public Law 93–380, also known as the Buckley Amendment, a 19-year-old college student attending college
a. could view her record, which included test data.
b. could view her daughter’s infant IQ test given at preschool.
c. could demand a correction she discovered while reading a file.
d. all of the above.
d. all of the above.
168
Lewis Terman
a. constructed the Wechsler tests.
b. constructed the initial Binet prior to 1910.
c. constructed the Rorschach.
d. Americanized the Binet.
d. Americanized the Binet.
169
In constructing a test you notice that all 75 people correctly answered item number 12. This gives you an item difficulty of
a. 1.2.
b. .75.
c. 1.0.
d. 0.0.
c. 1.0.
170
Your supervisor wants you to find a new personality test for your counseling agency. You should read
a. professional journals.
b. the Buros Mental Measurements Yearbook.
c. classic textbooks in the fi eld as well as test materials produced by the testing company.
d. all of the above.
d. all of the above.
171
The standard error of measurement tells you
a. how accurate or inaccurate a test score is.
b. what population responds best to the test.
c. the accuracy for personality but not IQ tests.
d. the number of people used in norming the test.
a. how accurate or inaccurate a test score is.
172
A new IQ test has a standard error of measurement of 3. Tom scores 106 on the test. If he takes the test a lot, we can predict that about 68% of the time
a. Tom will score between 100 and 103.
b. Tom will score between 100 and 106.
c. Tom will score between 103 and 109.
d. Tom will score higher than Betty who scored 139.
c. Tom will score between 103 and 109.
173
A counselor created an achievement test with a reliability coefficient of .82. The test is shortened since many clients felt it was too long. The counselor shortened the test but logically assumed that the reliability coeffi cient would now
a. be approximately .88.
b. remain at .82.
c. be at least 10 points higher or lower.
d. be lower than .82.
d. be lower than .82.
174
A counselor can utilize psychological tests to help secure a _______ diagnosis if third party payments are necessary.
a. AACD.
b. DSM or ICD.
c. percentile.
d. standard error.
b. DSM or ICD.
175
A colleague of yours invents a new projective test. Seventeen counselors rated the same client using the measure and came up with nearly identical assessments. This would indicate
a. high validity.
b. high reliability.
c. excellent norming studies.
d. culture fairness.
b. high reliability.
176
Counselors often shy away from self-reports since
a. clients often give inaccurate answers.
b. ACA ethics do not allow them.
c. clients need a very high IQ to understand them.
d. they are generally very lengthy.
a. clients often give inaccurate answers.
177
In most instances, who would be the best qualified to give the Rorschach Inkblot Test?
a. A counselor with NCC, NCCC after his or her name.
b. A clinical psychologist.
c. A D.O. psychiatrist.
d. A social worker with ACSW after his or her name.
b. A clinical psychologist.
178
Your client, who is in an outpatient hospital program, is keeping a journal of irrational thoughts. This would be
a. an unethical practice based on NBCC ethical guidelines.
b. considered a standardized test.
c. an informal assessment technique.
d. an aptitude measure.
c. an informal assessment technique.
179
You are uncertain whether a test is intended for the population served by your not-for-profit agency. The best method of researching this dilemma would be to
a. contact a local APA clinical psychology graduate program.
b. make a long distance call to the person who created the test.
c. read the test manual included with the test.
d. give the test to six or more clients at random.
c. read the test manual included with the test
180
Clients should know that
a. validity is more important than reliability.
b. projective tests favor psychodynamic theory.
c. face validity is not that important.
d. a test is merely a single source of data and not infallible.
d. a test is merely a single source of data and not infallible.
181
One major testing trend is
a. computer-assisted testing and computer interpretations.
b. more paper and pencil measures.
c. to give school children at least three IQ tests per year.
d. to train pastoral counselors to do projective testing.
a. computer-assisted testing and computer interpretations.
182
One future trend which seems contradictory is that some experts are pushing for
a. a greater reliance on tests while others want to rely on them less.
b. social workers to do most of the testing.
c. psychiatrists to do most of the testing.
d. counselors to ban all computer-assisted tests.
a. a greater reliance on tests while others want to rely on them less.
183
Most counselors would agree that
a. more preschool IQ testing is necessary.
b. teachers need to give more personality tests.
c. more public education is needed in the area of testing.
d. the testing mystique has been benefi cial to the general public.
c. more public education is needed in the area of testing.
184
_______ would be an informal method of appraisal.
a. IQ testing.
b. Standardized personality testing.
c. GRE scores.
d. A checklist.
d. A checklist.
185
The WAIS-III is given to 100,000 individuals in the United States who are picked at random. A counselor would expect that
a. approximately 68% would score between 85 and 115.
b. approximately 68% would score between 70 and 130.
c. the mean IQ would be 112.
d. 50% of those tested would score 112 or above.
a. approximately 68% would score between 85 and 115.
186
A word association test would be an example of
a. a neuropsychological test.
b. a motoric test.
c. an achievement test.
d. a projective test.
d. a projective test.
187
Infant IQ tests are
a. more reliable than those given later in life.
b. more unreliable than those given later in life.
c. not related to learning experiences.
d. never used.
b. more unreliable than those given later in life.
188
A good practice for counselors is to
a. always test the client yourself rather than referring the client for testing.
b. never generalize on the basis of a single test score.
c. stay away from culture-free tests.
d. stay away from scoring the test yourself.
b. never generalize on the basis of a single test score.
189
You want to admit only 25% of all counselors to an advanced training program in psychodynamic group therapy. The item difficulty on the entrance exam for applicants would be best set at
a. 0.0.
b. .5 regardless of the admission requirement.
c. 1.0.
d. .25.
d. .25.
190
According to Public Law 93–380, also known as the Buckley Amendment, a 19-year-old college student attending college
a. could view her record, which included test data.
b. could view her daughter’s infant IQ test given at preschool.
c. could demand a correction she discovered while reading a file.
d. all of the above.
d. all of the above.
191
Lewis Terman
a. constructed the Wechsler tests.
b. constructed the initial Binet prior to 1910.
c. constructed the Rorschach.
d. Americanized the Binet.
d. Americanized the Binet.
192
In constructing a test you notice that all 75 people correctly answered item number 12. This gives you an item difficulty of
a. 1.2.
b. .75.
c. 1.0.
d. 0.0.
c. 1.0.
