Case study Theme 1 Flashcards
(10 cards)
Causes of a country with a high rate of population growth
Chosen country: Tanzania
- Lack of education for girls in Dodoma, capital of Tanzania => Girls drop out of school and get married at young age
=> Have babies earlier and more babies are born during the women’s life time
+ Lack of education=poor knowledge on contraception & family planning
- High proportion follow Muslim => girls are allowed to be married at 15yr => lots of babies born during lifetime due to young age marriage
+ Follow Muslim banish thoughts of using contraception => high BR & fertility rate (4.57 children/women in 2024)
- High IMR => lots of babies died at very young age/after birth => family have to plan for higher number of babies compare to the amount they wanted => Sent children to work, improving SOL =>high BR & FR
Impacts of a country with a high rate of population growth
Causes of a country with a low rate of population growth
Named country: Japan
- Better education for girls in big cities like Tokyo, capital of Japan/Osaka, in the Kansai region of Honshu in Japan => Girls leave school later and have a good career => Marry at older age and low FR
+ Good education towards contraception & family planning
- Inflation: an increase in prices over time => cost for everyday life rapidly increase especially in large cities => babies will cost a lot more to parents => people avoid and have less babies
=> Reducing financial pressure
- Good medical healthcare & services by running luxury nursery home improve the elderly’ QOL. => don’t have to worry about having children to take care => BR & FR fall as people having this attitude
+ Partly due to gov’s good policies for the elderly to support them
A country which is overpopulated
Causes of a country which is underpopulated
Named country: Canada
- Lack of workforce in each industry in places such as British Columbia, westernmost province of Canada => still many places that are blank as company can’t find workforce for its business => stunned the economic growth of the country & loosing competitiveness
- Challenges to access to education, not enough students for educational services like in Alberta province, western Canada => population are not well prepared with basic literacy knowledges and skills => Economy can’t be develop to full potential - population can only afford basic levels of education => bad reputation and less investment to country
- High rate of emigration (1% of permanent residents leave Canada each year) => reduces the workforce available for different industries => not enough people to make good uses of natural resources => Wastes and inefficiency during production => slower growth rate of the economy => less competitive compared to other economies
A densely populated area
Named region: Ho Chi Minh city
A sparsely populated area
Named region: Gia Lai
International migration (why people migrate from it to other countries)
Chosen: Mexico to USA
- Geographically close to Mexico => only have to cross the border; Mexico having a shortage in jobs => Mexicans migrate to USA for job opportunities - USA is one of the strongest economies in the world
- For educational purposes, better and higher quality than Mexico; Mexico’s LR is 85%; USA’s LR is 95% => more likely to get high paid job/important skills => sending remittance back to Mexico/return to Mexico to contribute to the country
- Better & more advanced medical care through USA’s 87 life expectancy compared to 85 in Mexico => better access to healthcare & developed technologies to treat diseases => promoting them higher QOL and less fear & anxiety on health concerns
Describe a population policy which has been used to influence population growth
Named country: Singapore
- “Three or more” is a wide range policy applied by Singapore to increase BR & FR; gives money to families, $3000 for 1st child and up to $18000 for 3rd child. => families have more motivation and desire to have children as they are encouraged to
- Family with no children can only own a 3-roomed flat => family will try to give births to access to large flat
=> comfortable & higher QOL
+ Provide more space for large families as small families don’t have permissions
- Extend paid maternity leave from 2 months to 3 months => more time to take care of their children while still able to cope with financial pressure
=> encouraging more families to have babies with promising supports from gov
Overall: Initially success when introduced in 1987; FR decrease since then reach lowest in 2023 (0.43) => wasn’t success in a large extent - challenging to force people to change their attitudes
Describe and explain the impacts of migration in the destination country
Named country: USA
- Increases the labour force => boost the GDP in country => many migrants from Mexico & Central America are prepared to work for lower wages => fill low paid jobs like agriculture in San Diego in Southern California
- Enrich the culture of USA with food, language, music & sports => new restaurants are created by migrants => Generate vast sums of money for USA’s GDP & providing divers culture for residents => Reduce racism & promote understanding of cultures
- A lot of money is sent out of the USA in the for of remittance; $150bn in 2019 was sent overseas => money that could have been disposable income; not spent on goods/services within USA => negative impacts on local shops & services in areas such as San Diego.
