Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

AHW > Cattle > Flashcards

Cattle Flashcards

1
Q

What is this

A

Calf drencher

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is this

A

Calf feeder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is this

A

emasculator
open castration for older calves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is this

A

Burdizzo
Bloodless castrator
Crushes spermatic cord

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is this

A

Disbudding iron
Local anaesthetic must be used

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is this

A

Barnes dehorners
Small to medium horns

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is this

A

anti-sucking device

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is this

A

rumen magnet

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is this

A

Kick bars
Fitted to cattle to prevent them kicking

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Routes of medical administration cattle

A

Oral

Intramuscular
Neck, shoulder, thigh

Subcutaneous
Neck & shoulder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Sites of blood sampling cattle

A

Jugular vein
Coccygeal vein (base of tail)
Auricular vein (ear)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is a drinkwater gag cattle

A

Used to prevent excess intake of water by restricting opening of mouth
Fixed between upper & lower molars

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Describe the reproductive cycle of cattle

A
  1. Proestrus
    Development of follicles in ovary
  2. Estrus
    Release of mature egg from ovary (ovulation)
    Cow receptive to mating
  3. Metestrus
    Formation of corpus luteum
    Secretes progesterone to prepare uterus for pregnancy
  4. Diestrus
    If pregnancy doesn’t occur, corpus luteum begins to regress
  5. Anestrus
    Period of reproductive inactivity
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are some common cattle diseases

A

Infertility:
Many different causes
Clinical signs include abortion, anoestrus, cystic ovarian disease, poor conception rates

Mastitis:
Bacterial infection of udder
Clinical signs include changes in milk character, swollen udder quarters
Contagious – spread during milking

Lameness:
Many different conditions which affect mobility & gait
Common causes are digital dermatitis, white line disease, sole haemorrhage, ulcer

Calf scour:
Can result in death
Occurs in first few days to months of life
Caused by variety of different organisms
Risk enhanced through dirty, wet environments & mixing calves from different origins
Clinical signs include diarrhoea, dehydration, collapse, reduced growth rates

Calf pneumonia:
Occurs in first few days to months of life
Significant cause of death in calves
Clinical signs include coughing, dullness, nasal discharge, reduced growth rate
Caused by viral, bacterial or mycoplasmic organisms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Describe economics of beef industry

A

UK is not big contributor on worldwide scale (USA largest)
1.58 million suckler cows in UK
50% of beef animals come from dairy origin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Describe beef profitability

A

Profitability affected by finished cattle price which is influenced by animal’s weight & classification of carcass quality
Dairy bred steers produce poorer quality carcass
Purchased cattle price has large effect on profitability
Cost required to feed animal until finishing needs to be factored in

17
Q

Describe year round calving (beef)

A

Increased feed costs

Challenge of dealing with calves of different ages

Doesn’t make most of grass growth over summer

18
Q

Describe spring calving (beef)

A

Bull runs with cows over summer

Cows will ideally calve at grass next spring
Means sucklers won’t need additional feed

When cow is dry in winter, she won’t require massive amounts of high-quality feed

Unpredictability of weather & lingering cold temperature are disadvantages
Can lead to indoor calving in bad conditions

Conception rates can be lower during hot weather

Sale of spring born calves lower than annual average (leaner)

19
Q

Describe autumn calving

A

Less cost effective due to higher labour requirements & extra feed cost

Calves have higher body condition score –> earlier breeding

Bull runs with cows over winter

Weather more predictable

20
Q

Describe dairy industry economics

A

UK is 13th largest milk producer in world (India largest)

53% is milk & 24% cheese in UK

12,000 active dairy farms with 2 million dairy cows

Dairy products with £9.2 billion

21
Q

Describe the life of a dairy heifer

A
  1. After birth calf stays with cow for 24-72 hours to receive colostrum
  2. Removed from mother & fed milk replacer diet for 6-12 weeks
  3. Weaned at 10-12 weeks (when eating 1kg of solid food & doubled birth weight)
  4. Non-lactating heifer until 15 months & 60% of mature body weight
  5. Served at 15-20 months
  6. Calve after 9 months gestation (80% mature body weight)
  7. Once calved she will begin to lactate & become part of dairy herd
22
Q

Describe dairy profitability

A

Price farmers receive affected by milk volume, milk composition, hygiene & somatic cell count

Fuel, feed & labour also affect profitability

Prices higher in autumn than spring

23
Q

Describe dairy cycle

A

After calving cow lactates for 10 months

After 3 months in milk, cow is served again

After 10 months in milk cow is dried off to prepare for calving

Dry period lasts 6-8 weeks after which she calves

24
Q

What breed is this

A

Friesian
(dairy)

25
Q

What breed is this

A

Jersey
(dairy)

26
Q

What breed is this

A

Guernsey
(dairy)

27
Q

What breed is this

A

Ayrshire
(dairy)

28
Q

What breed is this

A

Brown swiss
(dairy)

29
Q

What breed is this

A

Montbeliard
(dairy)

30
Q

What breed is this

A

Simmental
(beef)

31
Q

What breed is this

A

Belgian Blue
(beef)

32
Q

What breed is this

A

Aberdeen Angus
(beef)

33
Q

What breed is this

A

Hereford
(beef)

34
Q

What breed is this

A

Limousin
(beef)

35
Q

What breed is this

A

Charolais
(beef)

36
Q

What breed is this

A

Belted galloway
(beef)

37
Q

What breed is this

A

Welsh Black
(beef)

38
Q

Main physiological parameters of cattle

A

Temperature – 38-39ºC

BPM – 45-80

Resp rate – 15-30

AHW (11 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions