Cell Division (Module 3) Flashcards
(14 cards)
1
Q
Mitosis
A
- type of cell division
- single cell divides into two duplicate daughter cells.
2
Q
Phases of Mitosis
A
- Prophase
- Metaphase
- Anaphase
- Telophase
3
Q
Prophase
A
- 1st stage of mitosis
- chromatids condense + become visible.
- nuclear membrane breaks down.
- mitotic spindle begins to form.
4
Q
Metaphase
A
- Chromosomes align at cell’s equatorial plate.
-Spindle fibres attach to centromeres of chromosomes.
5
Q
Anaphase
A
- Sister chromatids seperate.
- Chromatids pulled towards opposite poles of the cell by spindle fibres.
6
Q
Telophase
A
- Final stage of mitosis.
- Separated chromosomes reach opposite poles of cell.
- Nuclear membrane re-forms around each set of chromosomes.
- Chromosomes begin to de-condense.
7
Q
Cytokinesis
A
- Occurs shortly after mitosis.
- Cytoplasm splits into two duplicate daughter cells.
8
Q
centromere
A
- region of a chromosome which holds sister chromatids together
- region which spindle fibres attach to.
9
Q
Meiosis
A
- Division which produces human reproductive cells (gametes).
- Reduces chromosome number by half resulting in four genetically diverse daughter cells.
10
Q
Haploid Cell
A
- Cell which contains single set of chromosomes (23).
- Contains half number of chromosomes found in diploid cell (46).
11
Q
Diploid Cell
A
- A cell that contains two complete sets of chromosomes.
- One set inherited from each parent.
- Contains 46 chromosomes (23 from each parent).
12
Q
Gamete
A
- haploid reproductive cell which contains a single set of 23 chromosomes.
- female: eggs (ova)
- male: sperm
13
Q
Zygote
A
- diploid cell formed from fusion of two haploid gametes.
- (fusion of male sperm and female egg).
- contains complete set of 46 chromosomes.
- first stage in development of new organism.
14
Q
Somatic Cell
A
Any cell in organism which is not involved in reproduction.
