Cell Membrane

Question 1

plasma mem. fun.

Answer 1

governs interactions w/ o/ cells
controls flow of mat. in and out of cell
separates inside from the outside

Question 2

phospholipid bilayer

Answer 2

2 hydrophobic tails (non-polar) and 1 hydrophilic head (polar)

Question 3

mem. lipids

Answer 3

embedded in plasma mem.

Question 4

sm amount mem. lipids

Answer 4

adds structure

Question 5

lrg amnt mem. lipids

Answer 5

makes mem. more fluid

phosph. heads can’t connect and form bond

Question 6

mem. proteins

Answer 6

*not common in mem.
make up 50% of mem. weight
move freely throughout mem. (like ice cube in water)

Question 7

integral protein

Answer 7

penetrate mem.

Question 8

transmem. protein

Answer 8

goes all the way through mem.
top and bottom hydrophilic
middle is hydrophobic to coincide w/ bilayer

Question 9

peripheral proteins

Answer 9

DO NOT enter bilayer

stick to inter/extracellular face of mem.

Question 10

protein receptor types

Answer 10

receptor
cell adhesion mol
enzyme
channel protein
gated channel protein
cell id marker

Question 11

receptor

Answer 11

binds chem. messages (hormones) from o/ cells

Question 12

cell adhesion mol.

Answer 12

connects cells and allows them to stick to surroundings

used for tissue structure

Question 13

enzyme

Answer 13

breaks down chem messenger (from receptor) + stops its effect

Question 14

channel protein

Answer 14

path open all the time (LEAK)

lets solutes in and out

Question 15

gated channel protein

Answer 15

allows solutes to pass @ specific times according to conce.

Question 16

cell id marker

Answer 16

Ex. glycoprotein

distinguish own cells from foreign cells

Question 17

types of channel protein

Answer 17

leak

stimuli response

Question 18

stimuli response channel pro. types

Answer 18

ligand (chem mess)
voltage (electrical potential)
mechanically (physical stress)

Question 19

glycocalyx

Answer 19

sugary coating on plasma mem.

determines own cells from transplanted ones

Question 20

extensions from cell surface

Answer 20

microvilli
cilia
pseudopods

Question 21

microvilli

Answer 21

inc cells SA (more area for absorption)

Question 22

cilia (motile)

Answer 22

function in waves 
move mucus, egg cell or fluid

Question 23

psedudopods

Answer 23

cytoplasm filled extension of cell

look like little amputated arm

Question 24

membrane transports favors ?? polarity

Answer 24

hydrophobic -

non-polar

Question 25

filtration

Answer 25

phys. pressure forces fluid through SPM

Question 26

Diffusion

Answer 26

diffuse solutes down con. gradient forms free energy rate can be affected

Question 27

osmosis

Answer 27

net flow of h20 one side of SPM to the o/ maintains body's water distribution flows from less solute con. to higher solute con.

Question 28

aquarporins

Answer 28

channel that h2o flows through

Question 29

osmotic pressure

Answer 29

need for h20 | more non-perm. solute inc pressure

Question 30

reverse osmosis

Answer 30

h2o against con. gradient w/ mechanical force

Question 31

osmolarity

Answer 31

osmotic concentration of body fluids

Question 32

tonicity

Answer 32

solute can affect vol. and pressure inside of cell | if sol. unevenly distributed

Question 33

carrier-mediated transport

Answer 33

need mem! + ATP protein changes shape to carry mol. across mem. have specificity contain saturation to a point

Question 34

saturation point for carrier-mediated transport

Answer 34

transport maximum

Question 35

Types of carriers

Answer 35

uniport contransport countertransport

Question 36

uniport

Answer 36

carries 1 type of solute

Question 37

contransport

Answer 37

2+ types of solute in same direction

Question 38

countertransport

Answer 38

2+ types of solute in different directions

Question 39

moves 2+ solute in same direction

Answer 39

symport

Question 40

moves 2+ solute in opposite direction

Answer 40

antiport

Question 41

CMT- Facilitated diffusion

Answer 41

solute through mem. down con. gradient | no ATP

Question 42

CMT- Primary active transport

Answer 42

Need ATP | substance through mem. up con. gradient

Question 43

Na-K Pump

Answer 43

3 Na out of cell | 2 K in cell

Question 44

secondary active transport

Answer 44

mvmnt of ions up and down con. grad. one structure powers another Ex. Na-K to Glucose

Question 45

Vesicular Transport

Answer 45

move lrg particles through mem | h2o and fluid

Question 46

Vesic. T- endocytosis

Answer 46

mol. in cell | consumed, broken down and deposited

Question 47

Vesic. T- exocytosis

Answer 47

mol. out of cell

Question 48

endocytosis types

Answer 48

phagocytosis pinocytosis receptor-mediated

Question 49

phagocytosis

Answer 49

consumes bac, dirt and cell decay

Question 50

pinocytosis

Answer 50

takes in ECF for cell

Question 51

receptor-mediated

Answer 51

extracts mol. from ECF | selective

Question 52

transcytosis

Answer 52

transports mol. by receptor-mediated