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Anatomy & Physiology 101 > Cell Membrane > Flashcards

Cell Membrane Flashcards

1
Q

plasma mem. fun.

A

governs interactions w/ o/ cells
controls flow of mat. in and out of cell
separates inside from the outside

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2
Q

phospholipid bilayer

A

2 hydrophobic tails (non-polar) and 1 hydrophilic head (polar)

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3
Q

mem. lipids

A

embedded in plasma mem.

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4
Q

sm amount mem. lipids

A

adds structure

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5
Q

lrg amnt mem. lipids

A

makes mem. more fluid

phosph. heads can’t connect and form bond

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6
Q

mem. proteins

A

*not common in mem.
make up 50% of mem. weight
move freely throughout mem. (like ice cube in water)

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7
Q

integral protein

A

penetrate mem.

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8
Q

transmem. protein

A

goes all the way through mem.
top and bottom hydrophilic
middle is hydrophobic to coincide w/ bilayer

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9
Q

peripheral proteins

A

DO NOT enter bilayer

stick to inter/extracellular face of mem.

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10
Q

protein receptor types

A 
receptor
cell adhesion mol
enzyme
channel protein
gated channel protein
cell id marker
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11
Q

receptor

A

binds chem. messages (hormones) from o/ cells

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12
Q

cell adhesion mol.

A

connects cells and allows them to stick to surroundings

used for tissue structure

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13
Q

enzyme

A

breaks down chem messenger (from receptor) + stops its effect

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14
Q

channel protein

A

path open all the time (LEAK)

lets solutes in and out

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15
Q

gated channel protein

A

allows solutes to pass @ specific times according to conce.

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16
Q

cell id marker

A

Ex. glycoprotein

distinguish own cells from foreign cells

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17
Q

types of channel protein

A

leak

stimuli response

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18
Q

stimuli response channel pro. types

A

ligand (chem mess)
voltage (electrical potential)
mechanically (physical stress)

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19
Q

glycocalyx

A

sugary coating on plasma mem.

determines own cells from transplanted ones

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20
Q

extensions from cell surface

A

microvilli
cilia
pseudopods

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21
Q

microvilli

A

inc cells SA (more area for absorption)

22
Q

cilia (motile)

A 
function in waves 
move mucus, egg cell or fluid
23
Q

psedudopods

A

cytoplasm filled extension of cell

look like little amputated arm

24
Q

membrane transports favors ?? polarity

A

hydrophobic -

non-polar

25
Q

filtration

A

phys. pressure forces fluid through SPM

26
Q

Diffusion

A

diffuse solutes down con. gradient
forms free energy
rate can be affected

27
Q

osmosis

A

net flow of h20 one side of SPM to the o/
maintains body’s water distribution
flows from less solute con. to higher solute con.

28
Q

aquarporins

A

channel that h2o flows through

29
Q

osmotic pressure

A

need for h20

more non-perm. solute inc pressure

30
Q

reverse osmosis

A

h2o against con. gradient w/ mechanical force

31
Q

osmolarity

A

osmotic concentration of body fluids

32
Q

tonicity

A

solute can affect vol. and pressure inside of cell

if sol. unevenly distributed

33
Q

carrier-mediated transport

A

need mem! + ATP
protein changes shape to carry mol. across mem.
have specificity
contain saturation to a point

34
Q

saturation point for carrier-mediated transport

A

transport maximum

35
Q

Types of carriers

A

uniport
contransport
countertransport

36
Q

uniport

A

carries 1 type of solute

37
Q

contransport

A

2+ types of solute in same direction

38
Q

countertransport

A

2+ types of solute in different directions

39
Q

moves 2+ solute in same direction

A

symport

40
Q

moves 2+ solute in opposite direction

A

antiport

41
Q

CMT- Facilitated diffusion

A

solute through mem. down con. gradient

no ATP

42
Q

CMT- Primary active transport

A

Need ATP

substance through mem. up con. gradient

43
Q

Na-K Pump

A

3 Na out of cell

2 K in cell

44
Q

secondary active transport

A

mvmnt of ions up and down con. grad.
one structure powers another
Ex. Na-K to Glucose

45
Q

Vesicular Transport

A

move lrg particles through mem

h2o and fluid

46
Q

Vesic. T- endocytosis

A

mol. in cell

consumed, broken down and deposited

47
Q

Vesic. T- exocytosis

A

mol. out of cell

48
Q

endocytosis types

A

phagocytosis
pinocytosis
receptor-mediated

49
Q

phagocytosis

A

consumes bac, dirt and cell decay

50
Q

pinocytosis

A

takes in ECF for cell

51
Q

receptor-mediated

A

extracts mol. from ECF

selective

52
Q

transcytosis

A

transports mol. by receptor-mediated

Anatomy & Physiology 101 (12 decks)

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