CELL ORGANELLES AND THEIR FUNCTIONS

Question 1

are Rodlike, double-
membrane structures: inner
membrane folded
into projections
called cristae

Answer 1

Mitochondria

Question 2

Dense particles consisting of two subunits, each composed of ribosomal RNA and protein. Free attached to rough endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 2

Ribosomes

Question 3

The site of protein synthesis

Answer 3

Ribosomes

Question 4

Purpose of the ribosome?

Answer 4

The site of protein synthesis

Question 5

Site of ATP synthesis; powerhouse of the cell

Answer 5

Mithochondria

Question 6

Membranous system enclosing a cavity, the cistern, and coiling through cytoplasm. externally studded with ribosomes

Answer 6

Rough E.R.

Question 7

Sugar groups attached to proteins withing the cisterns.
Proteins are bound in vesicles for
externally studded with ribosomes

Answer 7

Rough E.R

Question 8

purpose of the Rough E.R.

Answer 8

Sugar groups attached to proteins withing the cisterns.
Proteins are bound in vesicles for transport to the Golgi apparatus and other sites. External face synthesizes phospholipids

Question 9

Membranous system of sacs and tubules; free of ribosomes

Answer 9

Smooth E.R.

Question 10

Site of lipid and steroid
(cholesterol) synthesis, lipid metabolism, and drug detoxification

Answer 10

Smooth E.R.

Question 11

purpose of the smooth E.R.

Answer 11

Site of lipid and steroid
(cholesterol) synthesis, lipid metabolism, and drug detoxification

Question 12

A stack of flattened membranes and associated vesicles close to the nucleus

Answer 12

Golgi apparatus

Question 13

Packages, modifies, and segregates proteins for secretion from the cell, inclusion in lysosomes, and incorporation into the plasma membrane

Answer 13

Golgi apparatus

Question 14

The enzyme detoxifies a number of toxic substances. The most
important enzyme, catalase,
breaks down hydrogen peroxide

Answer 14

Peroxisomes

Question 15

Membranous sac of catalase and oxidase enzymes

Answer 15

Peroxisomes

Question 16

Sites of intracellular digestion

Answer 16

Lysosomes

Question 17

Sites of intracellular digestion

Answer 17

Lysosomes

Question 18

Membranous sacs containing acid hydrolases (powerful digestive enzymes)

Answer 18

Lysosomes

Question 19

Cylindrical structure made of tubulin proteins

Answer 19

Microtubles

Question 20

The state of cytoskeletal elements; resist mechanical
forces acting on the cell

Answer 20

intermediate filaments

Question 21

are made up of protein fibers where the composition varies

Answer 21

Intermediate filaments

Question 22

Paired cylindrical bodies, each composed of nine triplets of microtubules

Answer 22

Centrioles

Question 23

Organize a microtubule network during mitosis (cell division) to
form the spindle and asters.
Form the bases of cilia and
flagella

Answer 23

centrioles

Question 24

Varied; includes stored nutrients such as lipid droplets and glycogen granules, protein crystals, pigment granules

Answer 24

Inclusions

Question 25

Storage for nutrients, wastes, and cell product

Answer 25

inclusions

Question 26

all matter, living and nonliving consists of building units called

Answer 26

chemical elemts

Question 27

how many elements are naturally occuring?

Answer 27

92

Question 28

how many elements are present in significant amount in most animal tissues

Answer 28

22

Question 29

are the basic building block of life

Answer 29

cells

Question 30

where are cells relatively derived from?

Answer 30

uniform population of precursor cells

Question 31

the cytosol is also known as the?

Answer 31

intracellular fluid

Question 32

the intrecellular fluid is continuous with the ?

Answer 32

extracellular fluid

Question 33

movement of fluid across this membrane is driven by?

Answer 33

concentrations dissolved and soluble substances

Question 34

a protein-based where it provides form to the cell

Answer 34

cytoskeleton

Question 35

is housed within a membrane-bound nucleus

Answer 35

DNA