Cell parts Flashcards
(20 cards)
Cell
The smallest unit that can perform all life processes.
Nucleus
in a eukaryotic cell a membrane-bound organelle that contains the cell’s DNA and that has a role in processes such as growth metabolism and reproduction.
Cytoplasm
the material or protoplasm within a living cell, excluding the nucleus.
Cell membrane
the semipermeable membrane surrounding the cytoplasm of a cell.
Cell wall
a rigid structure that surrounds the cell membrane and provides support to the cell.
Mitochondria / Mitochondrion
in eukaryotic cells the cell organelle that is surrounded by two membranes and that is the site of cellular respiration.
Chloroplast
a plastid that contains chlorophyll and in which photosynthesis takes place.
Golgi complex
A major organelle in most eukaryotic cells is the structure of membrane-bound sacs
Endoplasmic reticulum
a network of membranous tubules within the cytoplasm of a eukaryotic cell, continuous with the nuclear membrane. It usually has ribosomes attached and is involved in protein and lipid synthesis.
Ribosome
a minute particle consisting of RNA and associated proteins, found in large numbers in the cytoplasm of living cells. They bind messenger RNA and transfer RNA to synthesize polypeptides and proteins.
Lysosome
an organelle in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells containing degradative enzymes enclosed in a membrane.
Vacuole
a space or vesicle within the cytoplasm of a cell, enclosed by a membrane and typically containing fluid.
Organelle
any of a number of organized or specialized structures within a living cell.
Prokaryote
a microscopic single-celled organism that has neither a distinct nucleus with a membrane nor other specialized organelles. Prokaryotes include the bacteria and cyanobacteria.
Eukaryote
an organism consisting of a cell or cells in which the genetic material is DNA in the form of chromosomes contained within a distinct nucleus.
Tissue
any of the distinct types of material of which animals or plants are made, consisting of specialized cells and their products.
Organ
a part of an organism that is typically self-contained and has a specific vital function, such as the heart or liver in humans.
Organ system
There are 11 major organ systems in the human body.
Organism
an individual animal,plant,or single celled life form.
Structure
the arrangement of parts in an organism.
