cell structure Flashcards
(20 cards)
light microscope
uses light to view specimens, magnifies 400-1500 times
can study living cells and tissues in color
electron microscope
uses a beam of electrons to view dead, non-living specimens. magnifies up to 500 000 times
high resolution
stains (for animal and plant cell) names and where bind?
animal methylene blue binds to nuclei
plant iodine binds to starch
cover slip
a glass that flattens and holds specimen in place & prevents drying
eyepiece graticule
a transparent ruler with a scale/grid placed on the lens in light microscopy to measure the size of the sample in real life
stage micrometre
used to calibrate eyepiece graticule to ensure more accurate results, placed onto the stage of light microscope
how is magnification calculated
image/actual
image size calculation
magnification x actual size
actual size
image/magni
microscopy techniques
freeze fracture microscopy (electron)
cryogenic electron microscopy
immunofluorescence (light)
fluorescent dyes (light)
membrane bound organelles
cytoskeleton
golgi apparatus
mitochondria
vesicle
smooth & rough endoplasmic reticulum
components of a prokaryotic cell
70S ribosomes free in cytoplasm
naked DNA
plasmids
plasma membrane
cytoplasm
capsule
pili
flagella
components of eukaryotic cell
membrane bounds
80S ribosomes (free/bound to rough ER)
centrioles
vacuole
plasma membrane
nucleus (DNA wrapped around histones)
cytoplasm
8 processes of life
excretion
nutrition
reproduction
growth
movement
response to stimuli
homeostasis
metabolism
animal cell components
nucleus
plasma membrane
cytoplasm
80s ribosomes
centrioles
vesicle
vacuole
mitochondria
membrane bound organelles
lysosomes
function of centrioles
establish & organize microtubules in division (spindles)
plant cell components
cytoplasm
nucleus
plasma membrane
80S ribosomes
chloroplast (chlorophyll)
mitochondria
vacuole
cell wall
membrane bounds
fungal cell components
nucleus
plasma membrane
cytoplasm
80s ribosomes
cell wall (chitin)
vacuole
membrane bounds
centrioles maybe
example of atypical eukaryotic cells
- anucleate
multinucleated
red blood cells
skeletal muscle cells
example of an unicellular organism
paramecium - heterotroph that lives in aquatic environments
cytoplasm, plasma membrane, macronucleus, micronucleus, food vacuole, oral groove, contractile vacuole, gullet, cilia, water vacuole
