Biology A level > Cell structure > Flashcards

Cell structure Flashcards

(16 cards)

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1
Q

define magnification

A

the number of times larger an image appears, compared with the size of the object.

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2
Q

define resolution

A

the ability to distinguish between two separate points in a micrograph. (clarity)

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3
Q

what are the 4 types of microscopes?

A

-light
-laser scanning
-electron
transmission electron microscope
scanning electron microscope

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4
Q

what are the advantages of a light microscope?

A
  • relatively cheap
  • easy to use
  • can study whole organisms
  • portable
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5
Q

how do you calculate magnification?

A

total magnification = power of objective lens x power of eyepiece

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6
Q

what are the disadvantages of laser scanning

A
  • expensive

- require training to use

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7
Q

what stains chromosomes dark red?

A

acetic orcein

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8
Q

what stains cytoplasm?

A

eosin

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9
Q

what stains lipids red?

A

Sudan

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10
Q

what are the membrane bound organelles in a eukaryote?

A
  • nucleus, nuclear envelope, nucleolus
  • rough endoplasmic reticulum
  • smooth ER
  • Golgi
  • mitochondria
  • chloroplasts
  • vacuole
  • lysosomes
  • cilia
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11
Q

what is the function of the nucleus, nuclear envelope and the nucleolus?

A
  • nuclear envelope separates the contents of the cell from the nucleus
  • the nucleus controls the cell, stores the organisms genome, provides the information for protein synthesis
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12
Q

what is the function of the RER?

A
  • coated in ribosomes

- cell transport

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13
Q

what is the function of the SER?

A
  • contains enzymes that catalyse reactions

- synthesis and transport of lipids

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14
Q

what is the function of the Golgi?

A
  • modifies proteins

- encases the proteins in vesicles for transport

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15
Q

what is the function of the mitochondria?

A
  • filled with ATP
  • provides energy
  • site of respiration
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16
Q

what is the function of chloroplasts?

Study These Flashcards
A

-site of photosynthesis

Biology A level
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