Cellular Differentiation - learning outcomes/ questions Flashcards
Cellular differentiation is the process by which a cell expressed what?
Cellular differentiation is the process by which a cell expresses certain genes to produce proteins characteristic for that type of cell.
Cellular differentiation is the process by which a cell expresses certain genes to produce proteins characteristic for that type of cell. What does this allow?
This allows a cell to carry out specialised functions.
What are meristems?
Meristems are regions of unspecialised cells in plants that can divide (self-renew) and/or differentiate.
What are Stem Cells?
Stem cells are unspecialised cells in animals that can divide (self-renew) and/or differentiate.
Cells in the very early embryo can differentiate into what types of cells and what does that make up?
Are they pluripotent or multipotent?
Cells in the very early embryo can differentiate into all the cell types that make up the organism and so are pluripotent.
Tissue stem cells are involved what?
Tissue stem cells are involved in the growth, repair and renewal of the cells found in that tissue.
Why are tissue stem cells are multipotent?
Tissue stem cells are multipotent as they can differentiate into all of the types of cell found in a particular tissue type.
An example of stem cells which can give rise to all types of blood cell.
For example, blood stem cells located in bone marrow can give rise to all types of blood cell.
Therapeutic uses involve what?
Therapeutic uses involve the repair of damaged or diseased organs or tissues.
The therapeutic uses of stem cells should be exemplified. How?
The therapeutic uses of stem cells should be exemplified by how they are used in corneal repair and the regeneration of damaged skin.
Research uses involve stem cells being used as model cells to study what?
Research uses involve stem cells being used as model cells to study how diseases develop or being used for drug testing.
Stem cells from the embryo can what under the correct what?
Stem cells from the embryo can self-renew, under the right conditions, in the lab.
Stem cell research provides what?
Stem cell research provides information on how cell processes such as cell growth, differentiation and gene regulation work.
Use of embryonic stem cells can offer what? What is its down fall?
Use of embryonic stem cells can offer effective treatments for disease and injury; however, it involves destruction of embryos.
