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Human Anatomy > Central Nervous System > Flashcards

Central Nervous System Flashcards

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1
Q

composed of the brian and spinal chord

A

Central Nervous System

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2
Q

located within the cortex of the brain

A

Gray Matter

composed of nerve cell bodies

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3
Q

located beneath the cortex

A

White matter

composed of tracks of myelinated nerve fibers

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4
Q

The main superior component of the brain in charge of memory and reason;

A

Cerebrum

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5
Q

elevations on the cortical surface of the brain

A

cerebral gyrus

mountains

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6
Q

groves betreen the cerebral gyri

A

cerebral sulcus

valleys

when you sulk, you are down

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7
Q

right and left halfs of the cerebrum

A

cerebral hemispheres

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8
Q

comprises most of the anterior half of the cerebrum

A

Frontal Lobe

in charge of personality and contraction of skeletal muscle

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9
Q

the top, posterior portion of the cerebrum

A

Pariatal Lobe

associated with speech, emotions, and visual interpetations

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10
Q

the lateral portion of the cerebrum

A

temproal Lobe

associateed with memory memory, hearing, and visual activities

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11
Q

found deep beneath the lateral sulcus

A

Insula lobe

Inside

associated with memory and interpetation of taste

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12
Q

most posterior portion of the cerebrum

A

Occipital Lobe

associated with interpetation of visual images and eye movement

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13
Q

deep grove that seperates the right and left hemisheres, follows the sagital suture line

A

Longitudinal Fissure

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14
Q

devides brain in a trasverse section; follows the squames suture

A

lateral sulcus

separates the frontal from the temporal lobes

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15
Q

divides the brain in a coronal section

A

Central Sulcus

separates the frontal from the patiatal lobes

farther back than you think it shoud be

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16
Q

can only be seen from the medial side of a saggital cut

A

parietooccipital sulcus

separates parietal and occipital lobes

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17
Q

a commissure connecting the two cerebral hemispheres, unifying awareness between them

A

corpus callosum

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18
Q

anterior portion of the corpus callosum

A

genu

genusis sit in the front

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19
Q

posterior portion of the corpus callosum

A

splenium

but it’s splendid to sit in the back

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20
Q

paired organ lateral and superior to third ventrical of the diencephalon

A

Thalamus

recives ans sends impulses to precise loatations within the cerebral lobes for interpretation

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21
Q

a small midline commissure connecting the right and left thalumus

A

interthalmic adhesion

(intermediate mass)

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22
Q

forms posterior root of diencephalon and covers the third ventrical, composed of penial gland and habenulear nucleus

A

epithalamus

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23
Q

located within the floor of the diencephalon or third ventrical,

A

Hypothalamus

provides control over the autonomic nervous sysyem and endocine system

beak of the bird

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24
Q

the stalk that connets the pituritaly gland to the hypothalamus

A

Infundibulum

the stem of the cherry

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25
a small endocrine gland projecting inferiorly from hypothalumus and situated in the sella turcica; master gland
Pituitary gland the cherry
26
two nodes loctated inferiorly to the third ventrical and superior and anterior to the pons
Mammiliary Bodies function as a relay center for olfactory sensations patriks testicles
27
a small hormone secreating gland in the posterior portion of the epithalumus, located superior to the corporal quadrigemina
pineal gland
28
located in the medial temporal lobe underneath the cortical surface, makes up part of the limbic system, plays a role in spatial navigation and long-term memory
hippocampus
29
consists of mid-brain; pons and medulla oblongota
brain stem
30
consists of cerebral peduncles anteriorly and he corpus quadrigemina posteriorly
midbrain
31
white matter tracts linking the cerebrun with the pons; forms the ventral portion of the midbrain
cerebral **ped**uncles' patricks legs **Ped** means foot, close to patricks feet
32
four rounded elevations that form the dorsal protion of the midbrain
corpora quadrigemina patricks butt
33
larger than the inferior colliculus, responsible for visual reflexes
superior colliculus
34
responsible for auditory reflexes, i.e. turning our heads towards a startling sound
inferior colliculus
35
a mound inferior to the brain, caudal to the mid brain, contains respritory center
pons body of partick
36
protion of the brain stem between the pons and the spinal chord, redulates breathing heart beat and blood pressure
medulla oblongata patrick's head
37
white matter tracts linking the cerabellum with the pons
Cerebellar peduncles arms of patrick
38
relativly large, posterior, inferior region of the brain involved in coordination and equalibreium
Cerebellum
39
right or left half of the cerebellum
cerebellar hemisphere
40
central structer between the cerebellar hemishperes
vermis
41
portion of the cerebellum composed of white matter
arbor vitae tree of life
42
three distinct membranes that cover the brain and spinal chord for protection and for accomidation of blood vessals and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)
Meninges protector layers
43
outermost membrane in direct contact with bones of skull; extends into the longituninal fissure of the brain and attches to the crista gali
Dura Mater tough mother ceiling of the membranes
44
a net-like membrane located between the dura mater adn the pia mater
arachnoid mater looks like spiderwebs criss-crossing between the ceiling and the floor
45
highly vasular membrane which attaches directly to the brain and spinal chord and follows the contures, supports the blood vessels that supply the brain adn spinal chord, contributes to choroid plexus
**pia** mater **pia**no is small of quiet floor of the membranes one cell layer thick
46
paired arteries originating from the subclavian ateries; passing through the transverse foramen and foramen magnum; uniting to form the basilar artery
Vertebral arteries V for vertebral headphones on patrick
47
central artery anterior to the brain stem that branches to pons, cerebellum, and inner ear
basilar artery
48
paired arteries orignating from the common carotid arteries passing through the carotid canal of the temporal bone
internal carotid arteries mararonii noodles
49
series of vessels the encircle the pituitary gland, uniting anterior and posterior circulations
cerebral aterial circle (circle of Willis) back up pathway for blood
50
a clear fulid found in the vertiicles, central canal of the spinal chord, and subacachnoid space; serves as a portective cushion and a source of nourishment
cerebrospinal fluid CSF
51
paired chambers located deep with in each hemishpere below the corpus callosum
lateral ventricles 1 and 2
52
a verticle membranous wall just inferiorer to the body of the corpus callosum seperating the two lateral venticles
septum pellucidum
53
narrow ventricle located in the diencephalon between the right and left thalumus;
third ventricle goes around the interthalamic adhesion
54
canal-like stucture that connets the third ventricle to the fourth
mesencephalic aquaduct | (cerebral aquaduct)
55
located un the brain stem posterior to the pons and anterior to the cerebellum, connects with the central canal of the spinal cord
fourth ventricle the triangle beneath the branches of the tree
56
a cluster of cappilaries found lining the ventricles; produce cerebral spinal fluid
Choroid Plexus looks like chewed up gum
57
a groove running the length of the spinal cord on the anterior aspect
**a**nterior **m**edian **f**issure **a**ll **m**en **f**ear
58
a groove running the length of spinal cord on the posterior aspect
**P**osterior **M**edial **S**ulcus **PMS**
59
a canal that runs down the middle of the spinal column within the gray matter and is filled with cerebral spinal fluid
central canal
60
found on the inner portion of the spinal cord is a mixture of ummyelinated association neurons, nerve cell bodies, and neurogila
gray matter
61
the anterior "arms" of gray matter that contain cell bodies of motor or association (inter) neurons
anterior horns big bulge; don't reach the end
62
the lateral "arms" of gray matter that contain cell bodies of motor or association (inter) neurons
lateral horns | (model only; too small)
63
the posterior "arms" of gray matter that contain axons of sensory neurons and cell bodies of association (inter) nerons
Posterior horns long and skinny and reach all the way to the edge
64
outer portion of the spinal cord composed primarly of myelinated axons and of sensory (acending) and motor (desending) neurons
White matter
65
anterior columns of the white matter of the spinal cord containing fiber tracts
anterior funiculi
66
lateral columns of the white matter of the spinal cord containing fiber tracts
lateral funiculi
67
poterior columns of the white matter of the spinal cord containing fiber tracts
posterior funiculi
68
a bundle of sensory afferent nerve cell bodies
dorsal root ganglion
69
an automatic response bt the nervous system to protects the body or to retururn a system to homeostasis; composed of a receptor, sensory (afferent) neuron, association (inter) neuron, moter (efferent) neuron, and an effector
reflex arc
70
the electrical impulse is initiated here and then sent to the CNS, an example is the dedritic ending associated with the skin
receptor
71
conducts an inpulse from a recetor organ such as the skin to the spinal cord
sensory (afferent) neuron a for arriving in the posterior of the spinal cord
72
associated with the center of the reflex arc, the actual sensory motor arc
association (inter) neuron
73
conducts the impulse away from the CNS to the effector organ such as a gland or a muscle
motor (efferent) neuron E is for exiting out the anterior side of the spinal cord
74
recives the impulse from the moter (efferent) neuron and then reponds, i.e. a muscle
effector

Human Anatomy (10 decks)

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