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Human Anatomy > Urinary and Reproductive Systems > Flashcards

Urinary and Reproductive Systems Flashcards

(90 cards)

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1
Q

fuctions include filtering blood plasma of metabolic wastes, electrolye/water homeostasis, and forming urine (filtrate)

A

Kidney

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2
Q

the medial portion of the kidney where the blood vessles, nerves, and ureter enter/exit the kidney

A

hilus

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3
Q

blood velssles that branch from the aorta and inferior vena cava, i.e. renal artery and vein, and enter and leave the kidney at the hilus

A

renal vessels

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4
Q

the surrouding protective layer of the kidney

A

capsule

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5
Q

lighter colored outer portion of the kidney subjacent to the capsule, contains glomerous, proximal and distal convoluted tubles

A

renal cortex

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6
Q

continous with the renal cortex, forms a partion between the renal pyramids

A

renal columns

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7
Q

darker inner portion of the kidney, contains the renal pyramids, the nephron loops, and the collection (pappilary) ducts

A

renal medulla

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8
Q

cone-shaped masses of tissue in the medula containing the collecting ducts, the base faces the capsule

A

renal pyramid

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9
Q

the internally pointed bottem portion of the renal pyramids, usually lighter in color, projects into the calyces

A

papilla

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10
Q

cup-shaped drain which collects discharged urine from the papilla

A

minor calyx

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11
Q

formed by the union of sveral minor calyces, channels urine to the renal pelvis

A

major caylx

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12
Q

funnel shaped region formed by the uniting of several major calyces; collects and funnels urine to the ureter

A

renal pelvis

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13
Q

a microscopic structure, it forms the functional unit of excreation and forms urine by filtering metabolic waste from the blood

A

nephron

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14
Q

transports blood to the glomerous for filtration

A

afferent glomerous arteriole

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15
Q

a capillary plexus located between afferent and efferent arterioles that produce filtrate yet prevents the passage of platelets and proteins into the glomerural capsule

A

glomerulus

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16
Q

the blood vessel through which plasma, platelets, proteins, and blood cells are trasported from the glomerulus to the renal vein and ultimatly to the heart

A

efferent glomerular arteriole

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17
Q

located in the cortex, the structure surrounding the glomerulus and associated with the proximal convoluted tube

A

glomerular capsule

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18
Q

the part of the renal tubule that is associated with the glomerulus, responsible for reabsortion of water, nutrients, and electrolytes

A

proximal convoluted tube

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19
Q

composed of a descending loop and an ascending loop, responsible for the reabsortion of water and elctrolytes

A

nephron loop

(loop of Henle)

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20
Q

the distal coiled part of the nephron, empties into the collecting duct

A

distal convoluted tubule

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21
Q

recives urine from distal convoluted tubules of several nephrons, delivers urine to the calyces

A

collecting (papillary duct)

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22
Q

tubes from the hilus of each kidney that transport urine to the unrinary bladder

A

ureter

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23
Q

a distendable sac for storage of urine composed of four tissue layers specialized for stretching

A

unrinary bladder

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24
Q

tiangular region on the posterior bladder formed by the two ureter openings and a single urethral opening

A

trigone

(texas long horn)

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25
a small tube that externaly trasnports urine from the unrinalry bladder to the urethral orifice
urethra
26
and invuluntary smooth muscle surrounding the urethra directly inferior to the bladder, prevents urine from leaving the bladder
internal urethral spincter
27
a voluntary skeletal muscle on the floor of the pelvis (urogenital diaphrgam
external urethral spincter
28
external opening of the urethra
urethral orifice
29
diamond-shaped area between the thighs; circumcised by pubic symphysis, ischila tuberosities and coccyx
perineum
30
a compartment external to the pelvic cavity that supports and protects the testes
scrotum
31
distinct ridge like seamat the midline of the scrotum
raphe
32
devides the scrotum into two compartments, one for each testis
median septum
33
smooth muscle within the wall of the scrotum, funtions involuntarly to maintain the temperature of the testis about three degrees below normal body temperature, ensuring normal spermatogenesis
dartos muscles
34
skeletal muscle located in the spermatic cord and surrounding the testis, is continous with internal abdominal oblique muscle, elevates testis
cremaster muscle
35
paired oval shaped organ located within the scrotum for sperm and hormone production
testis
36
a fiberous connnective tissue layer that directly covers the testis
tunica albuginea
37
coiled sperm-producing tubes within the lobules of the testis
seminiferous tubules (anything pinned on the inside of the testis)
38
convey sperm from the semiiferous tubules to the epididymis
efferent ductules | (model only)
39
a convuluted tube that acts as a storage area for spermatoza to mature then transports them to the vas deferens, located on the posterior, superior portion of the testis
epididymis | (swimming school)
40
a tube that transports sperm from the epididymis to the ejaculatory duct then joins with the duct leading from the seminal vesicle
ductus (vas) deferens
41
a connective tissue cord that runs from the testis through the inguinal ring of the inguinal ligament consists of: ductus deferens, cremaster muscles, testicular arteries, veins and nerves
spermatic chord
42
a ligament that extends from the crest of the ilium to the pubic tubercle
inguinal ligament
43
an opening in the inguinal ligament that allows the spermatic cord to pass through the abdominal wall
inguinal canal (superficial inguinal ring)
44
located behind the urinary bladder, its secretion combines with sperm being transported by the ductus (vas) deferens, secretes fructose, vitamin C, and prostaglandins
seminal vesicle
45
gland located inferior to the urinary bladder. surrounding the upper part of the urethra; secretions liquify sperm upon ejaculation
prostate
46
approximatly one-inch long tube formed by the union of the vas deferens and the seminal vesicle duct
ejaculatory duct | (model only)
47
small paired gland located beneath the prostate gland, secretes mucus into the utethra
bulbourethral gland | (model only)
48
tube that transports either urine from the bladder or seman from the reproductive glands
urethra
49
first part of the urethra that passes through the prostate gland
prostatic urethra
50
middle part of the urethra that transverses the urogenital diaphragm
membranous urethra | (model only)
51
the last and longest part of the urethra located in the body of the penis
spongy urethra
52
a cylindrical organ attached to the pubic arch, made of erectile tissue that becomes engorged with blood for copulation
penis
53
the enlarged terminal portion of the penis, formed by the corpus spongiosum
glans
54
continous skin covering the glans, removed by circumcision
prepuce
55
composed of three chambers of erectile tissue
body
56
paired columns of erectile tissue located dorsally within the penis
corpor**a** cavernos**a**
57
midventral erectile tissue that surounds the spongy urethra
corp**u**s spongeios**u**m
58
one deep, one superficial, drain blood from penis
dorsal veins
59
one located in each of the corpra cavernosa, supply erectile bodies with blood
deep arteries
60
paired almond shaped organ lateral to uterus that produces the ova and secretes estrogen and progesterone
ovary
61
a fiberous connective tissue layer that surrounds the ovary
tunica albuginea
62
ciliated projections of the distal uterine tube the cover the lateral portion of the ovary
fimbriae
63
paired elongated duct through which ova are transported from ovary to the uterus, usual site of fertilization
uterine tube (ovidunct)
64
the organ in which implantaion of the fertilized egg occures, its wall is compsed of three layers
uterus
65
the outermost covering of the uterus
perimetrium
66
the thick middle layer of the uterus composed of smooth muscle
myometrium
67
the inner mucosal layer of the uterus whiched is shed during menstuation
endometrium
68
specific layer of the the endometrium that replenishes the endometrium after menstration
stratum basalis layer that stays (model only)
69
specific layer of the endometrium that degenerates during menstration
stratum functionalis sheds during menstration (model only)
70
the rounded superior portion of the uterus
fundus
71
the larger, main part of the uterus
body
72
the narrow inferior part of the uterus surounding the external os
cervix
73
the cervical opening of the uterus into the vagina, dialates during dilivery
external os
74
a tube inferior to the uterus, the opening of which lies poeterior to teh urethra and inferior to the anus
vagina
75
superior part of the vagina which surrounds the cervix
fornix
76
transverse ridges of the internal vaginal lining that permit stretching of the birth canal
vaginal rugae
77
external opening of the vagina, partially covered by the hymen
vaginal orifice
78
pea-sized glands located on each side of the vagina, deep to the labia majora, provide lubrication during sexual arousal
vestibular glands
79
refers to teh external female genitalia
vulva | (triangle)
80
the fatty part of the female external genitalia overlying the pubic symphysis
mons pubis
81
part of the female external genitalia lateral to the vaginal opening adn continous with the mons pubis
labia majora
82
hairless longitudinal folds of skin located medial to the labia majora
labia minora
83
erectile tissue anterior to the urethral orifice in the female
clitoris
84
the elongated space enclosed by the labia minora, contains urethra and vaginal obepmings
vestibule
85
diamond-shaped region inferior to the pelvis containing anal, vaginal, and urethra openings
perineum
86
site of milk production and secretion
breast
87
secretory structures within the breasts, function in females during lactation
mammary glands | (model only)
88
passageway for milk from the alveoli of the mammary gland to the nipple
lactiferous duct | (anything pinned inside the breast)
89
the central projection of the breast through which the lactiferous ducts exit, comprised partly of erctile tissue
nipple
90
a pigmented region of the breast that surround the nipple
areola

Human Anatomy (10 decks)

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