Lower Muscles, Knee Joint, and Body Movements

Question 1

paired muscle forming the outermost layer of the lateral abdominal wall;

Answer 1

external abdominal oblique

compresses abdomianal wall, rotates trunk

Question 2

Paired muscle forming the middle layer of the lateral abdiminal wall;

Answer 2

internal abdominal oblique

compresses abdominal wall, rotates trunk

Question 3

deepest muscle in the abdominal area;

Answer 3

transversus adnominis

compresses abdominal wall

Question 4

runs vertically on the anterior medial portion of the abdominal wall;

Answer 4

rectus abdominis

compresses and allows lateral rotation on the vertebral column

ABS

the muscle that might break when youe get pregnant

Question 5

Vertical midline band in connective tissue within the abdominal wall

Answer 5

linea alba

Question 6

exctends from the crest of the illium to the pubic tubercle

Answer 6

inguinal ligament

make the V

ricky the V was a guido, which shounds like inguinal

Question 7

round muscle adjecent to iliacus;

orgin

insertion

Answer 7

Psoas Major

flexes hip and rotates femur laterally; flexes vertebral column

orgin: Transverse Processes and bodies of T12-L5
insertion: lesser trochanter

Question 8

originates on the iliac crest, located deep and next to the kidneys;

Answer 8

Quadratus Lumborum

extends lumbar spine

its the triangle in front of the Kidney

Question 9

composed of three muscle groups

Answer 9

erector spinae

its like a runway at SLI

Question 10

Originates on spinous processes of upper lumbar and lower thoracic vertebrae; inserts on spinous processes of upper thoracic vertebrea;

Answer 10

Spinalis

extends vertebral column

The S in SLI

closest to the spine

Question 11

originates in the transverse processes of vertebrae (except upper cervical), inserts on transverse processes of upper cervical vertebrae and ribs;

Answer 11

Longissimus

extends vertebral column

L in SLI

second closest to the spine

Question 12

originates onribs and crest of ilium, inserts on posterier part of ribs and transverse processes of upper cervical vertebrae;

Answer 12

Iliocostalis

extrends verteberal column

I of SLI

farthest from the spine

Question 13

located on the superior portionof the back deep to the rhomboids

Answer 13

Serratus posterior superior

Serrated knife

Question 14

located on the inferior and lateral portion of the back deep to the latissimus dorsi

Answer 14

serratus posterior inferior

serrated knife

Question 15

very thin muscle that runs on either side of the spinouis process of the vertebrae from the sacrum to the axis; originates on the sacrum, erector spinea aponeurosis, posterior superior iliac spine, and the iliac crest; inserts on the spinous processes;

Answer 15

multifidus

acts to stablilize the vertebrae

Question 16

c-shaped fibrocartilage located between the medial condyles providing cushion within the knee joint

Answer 16

medial meniscus

Question 17

c-shaped fibrocartilage located between the lateral condyles providing cushion within the knee joint

Answer 17

lateral meniscus

Question 18

ligament connecting the posterior side of the femur to the anterior surface of the tibia preventing anterior sliding of the tibia

Answer 18

anterior cruciate ligament

crucial to the knee

Question 19

ligament connecting the anterior side of the femur to the posterior surface of the tibia preventing posterior sliding of the tibia

Answer 19

posterior cruciate ligament

crucial to the knee

Question 20

ligament located on the lateral surface of the knee joint providing stability and prevents hyperaddution of the leg at the knee

Answer 20

lateral (fibular) collateral ligament

Question 21

ligament located on the medial surface of the knee joint providing stability and prevents hyperabdution of the leg at the knee

Answer 21

medial (tibular) collateral ligament

Question 22

composed of two muscles as they join at the inginal ligament

Answer 22

iliopsoas

made up up iliacus and psoas major

Question 23

originates on the iliac fossa; flexes hip and rotates femur laterally;

orgin

insertion

Answer 23

iliacus

flexes vertebral column

origin: iliac fossa

Insertion: lesser trochanter

Question 24

small muscle medial to to the iliopsoas;

origin

insertion

Answer 24

pectineous

adducts and flexes femur

origin: superior ramus of the pubis
insertion: lesser trochanter

Question 25

runs diagonally across anterior side of thigh from the ilium to the medial surface of tibia; origin insertion

Answer 25

sar**torius** abducts femur and rotates leg laterally no**torius** for being the longest origin: anterior superior iliac spine insertion: pes anserinus

Question 26

muscle located on the superior, lateral aspect of thigh, origin insertion

Answer 26

tensor faciae latae abducts fumur Origin: iliac crest and anterior superior iliac spine Insertion: iliotibial tract

Question 27

fiberous band extending from the iliac crest and gluteus maximus muscle, down the lateral thigh to the lateral condyle of the tibia

Answer 27

ilitibial tract

Question 28

composed of four muscels

Answer 28

quadriceps femoris

Question 29

runs vertically on the anterior side of thigh, origin insertion

Answer 29

**rectus** **fem**oris extends lower leg **rectus=straight** so it is the straight muscle on the **fem**ur origin: anterior inferior iliac spine Insertion: tibial tuberosity

Question 30

runs vertically of the lateral side of thigh; origin insertion

Answer 30

vastus lateralis extends lower leg wraps around to the posterior side as well origin: greater trochanter and linea aspera insertion: tibial tuberosity

Question 31

directly beneath the rectus femoris; origin insertion

Answer 31

vastus intermedius extends lower leg origin: shaft of femur insertion: tibial tuberosity

Question 32

runs vertically on the medial side of thigh; origin insertion

Answer 32

vastus medialus extends lower leg origin: intertrochnateric line and linea aspera insertion: tibial tuberosity

Question 33

runs vertically from pubis along medial side of the thigh to the tibia; origin insertion

Answer 33

**graci**lis adducts thigh and eternally rotates lower leg when somebody touches your thigh (and you dont like them) you say NO **GRACI**US origin: inferior ramus and body of pubis insertion: pes anserinus

Question 34

most superficial adductor on medial side of thigh; adducts thigh;

Answer 34

adductor longus flexes and externally rotates lower leg

Question 35

small adductor between longus and magnus;

Answer 35

**adduct**or **brevis** adducts, flexes, and externaly rotates lower leg **Brevis**=smaller so it is the smaller muscle that **adduct**s the lower leg

Question 36

largest adductor on medial side of thigh, adducts,

Answer 36

adductor magnus flexes, and externally rotates lower leg can see from the posteior view

Question 37

largeest and most superficial gluteal muscle; origin insertion

Answer 37

gluteus maximus extends thigh origin: iliac crest, sacrum, coccyx insertion: gluteal tuberosityl liena aspera, ilotibial tract

Question 38

middle gluteal muscle;

Answer 38

gluteus medius abducts and rotates thigh medially

Question 39

deepest gluteal muscle;

Answer 39

gluteus minimus abducts thigh

Question 40

pyramidial muscle inferior to gluteus medius;

Answer 40

**piri**formis rotates thigh laterally looks like a triange or **pir**amid

Question 41

inferior to the piriformis; runs from the ishial spine to the greater trochanter

Answer 41

superior **gemellus** twin to inferior **gemellus**

Question 42

located inferior to the superior gamellus

Answer 42

obturator externus aids in lateral rotaion of the hip

Question 43

inferior to the obturator extrenus; runs from the ischial tuberosity to the greater trochanter;

Answer 43

inferior **gemellus** aids in lateral rotaion of the hip twin to superior **gemellus**

Question 44

most inferior of the deep hip rotaters

Answer 44

quadratus femoris

Question 45

muscles in the posterior side of thigh

Answer 45

hamstrings

Question 46

most medial; origin insertion

Answer 46

se**m**i**m**e**m**branosus flexes lower leg, extends and medilaly rotates leg origin: ishial tuberosity insertion: **m**edial condyle of tibia

Question 47

between the semimembranosus and the biceps femoris; origin insertion

Answer 47

semitendinosus flexes lower leg, and extends and medially rotates thigh origin: ishial tuberosity insertion: pes anserinus

Question 48

two headed muscle; most lateral;

Answer 48

**bi**ceps femoris flexes lower leg, extends thigh and rotates it laterally has two heads. two means **bi**

Question 49

bony landmark medial to the tibial tuberosity; common tendonous insertion of the gracilis, sartorius, and semitendinous

Answer 49

pes anserinus

Question 50

small muscle on the posterior side of knee; origin insertion

Answer 50

**plant**aris flexes foot and knee looks like a **plant** stem origin: lateral supracondylar rigde of femur insertion: calcaneal tuberosity

Question 51

deep muscle in the posterior region of knee; origin insertion

Answer 51

popliteus flexes and rotates leg origin: lateral condyle of femur insertion: posterior surface of tibia

Question 52

calf muscle; Origin insertion

Answer 52

gastrocnemius flexes foot and knee origin: medial and lateral epicondyles of femur insertion: calcaneal tuberosity

Question 53

beneath the gastrocnemius; origin insertion

Answer 53

soleus plantar flexes foot fish origin: shaft of tibia and fibia insertion: calcaneal tuberosity

Question 54

tendon that connects gastrocnemius and soleus to calcaneus

Answer 54

calcaneal tendon AKA Achilles tendon

Question 55

originates on the tibia and fibula, inserts on metatarsals;

Answer 55

tibialis posterior inversion and plantar flexion on foot just posterior to the medal malleosus

Question 56

originates on posterior surface of tibia, inserts on phlanges;

Answer 56

flexor digitorum longus flexes digits

Question 57

originates on posterior side of fibula, inserts on hallux;

Answer 57

flexor hallucis longus flexes hallux hallux=big toe

Question 58

originates on tibia and fibula, inserts on first metatarsal,

Answer 58

peroneus (fibularis) longus flexes and everts foot

Question 59

originates on distal part of fibula, inserts on the fifth metatarsal;

Answer 59

peroneus (fibularis) brevis flexes and everts foot

Question 60

originates on anterior of surface fibula, inserts on fifth metatarsal;

Answer 60

peroneus (fibularis) tertius flexes and everts foot

Question 61

orignates on tibia and fibula, inserts on digits 2-5 (has four tendons);

Answer 61

extensor digitorum longus extends and dorsiflexes digits/foot

Question 62

originates on fibula, inserts on distal phalanx of hallux;

Answer 62

extensor hallucis longus extends hallux

Question 63

originates of on lateral condyle of tibia; inserts on first metatarsal;

Answer 63

tibialis anterior dorsiflexes and inverts foot just anterior to the medial malleus

Question 64

four part muscle deep to the tendons of the extensor digitorum longus, originates on the calcaneus, inserts on digits 2-5

Answer 64

extensor digitorum brevis helps extend digits 2-5

Question 65

muscle on top of the foot, originates on the calcaneus, inserts on the hallux;

Answer 65

extensor hallucis brevis helps to extend the hallux

Question 66

movement that decreases the angle of the joint

Answer 66

flexion

Question 67

an example of flexion that decreases the angle of the joint, e.g., raising the feet towards the body

Answer 67

dorsiflexion

Question 68

a type of flexion that increases the joint angle, e.g., extendong the foot

Answer 68

plantar flexion

Question 69

a type of moevement that increases the angle of a joint on a sagittal plane straighening the knee

Answer 69

extension

Question 70

bending a joint beyond it's nomal resting position

Answer 70

hyperextension

Question 71

movement of body away from the main axis

Answer 71

abduction

Question 72

movement of body towards the main axis

Answer 72

**add**iction **add** to the midline

Question 73

turning of a bone around its own axis

Answer 73

rotation

Question 74

turning backwards

Answer 74

supnation you eat soup with your hands supinated

Question 75

turning forward

Answer 75

pronation how you pour the soup back when it doesnt taste good

Question 76

circular of a body segament, such as a linb

Answer 76

circumduction

Question 77

refers to the medial rotation of a foot frequently leading to a sprained ankel

Answer 77

inversion

Question 78

lateral rotation of the foot

Answer 78

eversion

Question 79

nonangular movement of body part foreward

Answer 79

protraction you protract your jaw when you push it out

Question 80

posterior movement of a body part

Answer 80

retraction squareing your shoulders

Question 81

portion of body lifted superiorly

Answer 81

elevation shoulder shrug

Question 82

potion of body moved inferiorly

Answer 82

depression lowering the madible

Question 83

two headed muscle; most lateral;

Answer 83

**bi**ceps femoris has two heads. two means **bi**