Cerebellar cortex ____ cell layers - list them

3 Molecular - Purkinje - Granular

Three transversely oriented lobes of the cerebellum - ____lobe - ____lobe - ____lobe

Floccular nodular Anterior Posterior

Cerebellum Flashcards by Iseoluwa Ojo

CEREBELLUM

looks like a____
located behind the___ and below ___lobes of cerebrum
aka the____

cauliflower

pons; occipital

automatic pilot

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______ controls subconscious skeletal muscle contractions required for smooth, coordinated movements and equilibrium

Cerebellum

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CEREBELLUM

Occupies most of the____ cranial fossa under the tentorium cerebelli
-Consists of____ cortex,2 hemispheres and___,_____ substance ,__ pair of nuclei, ___ cerebellar peduncles

posterior

Cerebellar; vermis

Internal white

4; 3

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Cerebellum

parts of the vermis:list 7🖤

central lobule,culmen,declive,folium,tuber,uvula,nodule

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oldest part of cerebellum is the____ lobe

flocculonodular

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____+____= flocculonodular lobe

nodule part of vermis

floculus

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elevations on the cerebellum are called____

folia

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primary fissure separates____ and ____ lobes

others fissure are called___ fissure)

anterior and posterior

horizontal

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cuneocerebellar tract also passes through the middle cerebellar peduncle

T/F

Inferior

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cuneocerebellar tract” take origin in the___and ____ nuclei;

gracile and cuneate

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Cerebellar cortex

____ cell layers
list them

Molecular

Purkinje
Granular

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Three transversely oriented lobes of the cerebellum

____lobe
____lobe
____lobe

Floccular nodular

Posterior

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Floccular nodular lobe

consists of____ and ____
receives input from____ system
subserves____ and ___

vermis and flocculus

vestibular

posture and balance

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Anterior lobe of cerebellum

receives input from___ and ___ receptors via________ tracts
plays role in_____

stretch receptors and Golgi tendon organs

spinocerebellar

muscle tone

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Posterior lobe

receives input from____ via____ fibers
serves the coordination of_______

neocortex

corticopontocerebellar

voluntary motor activity

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Internal white substance
-Contains myelinated axons and four nuclei
\_\_\_\_\_\_
\_\_\_\_\_\_\_
\_\_\_\_\_\_\_
\_\_\_\_\_\_

Dentate
Emboliform
Globose
Fastigial

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Dentate

-Coordinates ______with_____ and _____

limb movements

motor cortex and basal ganglia

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Emboliform

Regulate movements of______

ipsilateral extremity

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Globose

-Regulate movements of_____

ipsilateral

extremity

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Fastigial

-Regulates_____

body posture

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Largest nuclei of the cerebellum is the ___ nuclei

Dentate

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most fibres of the superior cerebellar peduncle originate from the ____ nuclei

Dentate

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Inferior peduncle of cerebellum
-\_\_\_\_fibers only
-Connects the cerebellum to the\_\_\_
-Mediate sensory information that originates in spinal cord, brainstem and motor cortex to the cerebellum
-Afferent pathways include 
\_\_\_\_\_\_\_(the acronym)
\_\_\_\_,\_\_\_\_,\_\_\_,\_\_\_\_

Afferent

medulla

V-CORD

Vestibulocerebellar

Cuneocerebellar

Olivocerebellar

Dorsal spinocerebellar

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Vestibulocerebellar
-Vestibular information from_____ enters cerebellum
-Projects to both____ lobe and
_____nuclei
-Keep cerebellum informed of vestibular output from___ ear

cristae of the
semicircular canals

flocculonodular

fastigial

inner

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Dorsal spinocerebellar -Carry_____ sensation from _______receptors in muscles and joints -uses ____ type of fibers

unconscious proprioception muscle spindles, golgi tendons and tactile mossy

Reticulocerebellar -These brainstem nuclei receive projections from cortex, spinal cord,____ and____ then project bilaterally to the____ lobe of cerebellum through this tract

vestibular complex; red nucleus paleocerebellum

Reticular nuclei in brainstem projects sparingly to cerebellum T/F

F Projects extensively

Olivocerebellar - Projections from the spinal cord - Pass through ____nucleus before projecting to _____lateral cerebellar hemisphere - uses ______fibers

inferior olivary contra climbing

Cuneocerebellar | -Mediates____ sensation from the____ receptors in the____ and ____ of the body

proprioception stretch upper limbs and neck

Middle cerebellar peduncle *____ fibers -Connects the cerebellum to the___ -Mediate sensory information that originates in spinal cord, brainstem and motor cortex to the cerebellum -____pathways only One major pathway example, mention it

Afferent pons Afferent Pontocerebellar pathway

Pontocerebellar pathway - Originate at____ nuclei - it Relays input from the ___lateral cerebral cortex - from Cortex→_____→______ [cerebral peduncle] →______ nuclei→ decussate→___ cerebellar peduncle→contralateral cerebellar hemisphere

pontine contra internal capsule pes pedunculi ipsilateral pontine; middle

In Pontocerebellar pathway , the sensations from the cortex are primarily____sensations

sensory

the cerebral peduncles are also known as the_____, while the large ventral bundle of____ fibers is referred to as the_____ or _____

basis pedunculi efferent cerebral crus or the pes pedunculi.

Superior cerebellar peduncle * _____ fibers only - Connects the cerebellum to the____ and ____ - Transmit cerebellar output to the brainstem→ ____→___ cortex→ spinal cord

Efferent pons and midbrain thalamus motor

Efferent cerebellar pathways arise from three deep cerebellar nuclei,_____,____,____

Dentate, Emboliform , and Globose

Efferent fibers from the deep cerebellar nuclei then gos through the___ cerebellar peduncle→Decussate at level of ____ then Some terminate in ___lateral___ nucleus then (1) Spinal cord via ______ tract (2) Basal ganglia via the _____nucleus of the thalamus (3) Motor cortex via_____ and integration from _____ (4) Reticular formation in brainstem then Projects to______ for ____ (5) Vestibular nuclei (6) Most continue to____

Superior inferior colliculus contra; red rubrospinal ventral lateral ventral lateral nucleus of the thalamus and with integration from basal ganglia CN nuclei for speech thalamus

Affected Cardinal features of cerebellum causes Impaired______ and ______

muscle synergy and reduced muscle tone

Cerebellar Ataxia aka_____ | -Decomposition of_____ activity in segments

drunken man’s gait coordinated motor

Ataxic dysarthria | -speech is ___,___, and ___

Slow, slurred and disjointed speech projection

Dysdiadochokinesia - aka_____ - Clumsiness in____ movements

adiadochokinesia alternating

Dysmetria | -Error in the_______ and ______ leading to______ or _____

judgement of a movement range and distance of target undershooting , overshooting

Intention tremor | -Unable to_____ during a volitional task

dampen accessory movements

Cerebellar dysfunction leads to ____ Hypotonia or hypertonia

Hypotonia

Rebouding | -Impaired ability to_______

predict movement or stop movement

Disequilibrium | -_____gait, body wavers toward_____

Unsteady side of lesion

Clinical Pathologies Stroke -issue with Distribution of_____ artery system

vertebrobasilar

Toxicity | -Cerebellar atrophy due to toxicity from_____ and cause_____ gait

chronic alcoholism Wavering

Ataxia - Lack of_____ in muscle activities - Symptoms always ____lateral to lesion

order and coordination ipsi

Cerebellar ataxia causes severe muscle weakness | T/F

F Mild muscular weaknes

Dysarthria -Impaired ability to make the needed_____ and ____ in ongiong movement produces a drastic effect on____ movements, such as____

modifications and alterations skilled speech

Ataxic dysarthria commonly seen in _______ lesions. | -Speech is ___,__,____, with each word or syllable spoken____. Known as____ speech.

bilateral cerebellar slow, slurred, and disjointed individually syllabic

Intention tremor - tremor with intended movement, worsens as______ - Disappears at___ - Results from impaired ability to _____during a skilled movement sequence.

get closer to target. rest dampen accessory movements

Disequilibrium - People walk as if drunk, and the body wavers toward the side of the lesion. - Primarily affects the legs.

decreased

I’m Cerebellar pathology. -Normal muscle tension is decreased or increased? and the muscle becomes spastic or flaccid Affects the contralateral or Ipsilateral??

Decreased Flaccid Ipsilateral

Friedreichs ataxia -as a result of ________degeneration -Involves the_____ columns of spinal cord,___ tracts,_____ tracts and____ nuclei Symptoms include Ataxia, Dysarthria, Tremor , Weakness, Loss of proprioception,Dysmetria, Dysphagia

Progressive cerebellar dorsal; corticospinal; spinocerebellar; dentate

Friedreichs ataxia is Characterized by only motor dysfunction T/F

F combined sensory and motor dysfunction

Nystagmus is a symptom of Friedreichs ataxia | T/F

What is nystagmus

An involuntary eye movement which may cause the eye to rapidly move from side to side, up and down or in a circle, and may slightly blur vision.

Friedrich’s ataxia is an Autosomal dominant hereditary non-degenerative condition T/F

F Recessive Degenerative

The cerebellum continually monitors all body motor activities and compares intended movements against the sensory info it receives. Therefore, it is important to____ learning.

motor

cerebellum is involved in some language, cognition but not emotional behaviors. T/F

F It’s involved in all 3

Cerebellum Flashcards

(61 cards)