Cerebral Palsy - Presentation Flashcards
(47 cards)
What is Cerebral Palsy?
Neurological disorder that affect movement & posture & is caused by non-progressive brain damage
What does Cerebral Palsy Impair?
Impairs movement mostly but also speech, sensory, & cognition abilities
How is muscle tone impacted by cerebral palsy?
Muscle tone (stiff or loose), loss of muscle control, & muscle spasms are caused by abnormalities in the brain either before, during, or up to 2 years after birth
What are the 3 main types of cerebral palsy?
- include % of people with the type
- Spastic - 70-80%
- Dyskinetic - 6%
- Ataxic - 6%
What is Spastic Cerebral Palsy?
Most common type that involves muscle tightness & spasms and characterized by stiff muscles & tight joints
- occurs from motor cortex damage
What is Dyskinetic Cerebral Palsy?
Involuntary, uncontrolled movements (writhes) & occurs due to damage to the basal ganglia
What is Ataxic Cerebral Palsy?
Poor coordination & balance leading to shaky movements & fine motor skill troubles
- occurs from Cerebellar damage
What are 3 times of Cerebral Palsy Diagnosis/Development?
Prenatal - development during pregnancy
Perinatal - developed around time of birth
Postnatal - developed after birth (~2yrs)
How is Cerebral Palsy Developed Prenatally?
- 3 key categories
1.) Genetics - conditions mostly from mother (eg; diabetes or preeclampsia) - not genetically inherited but can be mutated
2.) Abnormalities - mutations & malformations that effect the brain (lack of fetal O2)
3.) Environment - effects from toxins
How is Cerebral Palsy Developed Perinatally?
- 3 key categories
1.) Birth Asphyxia - not enough O2 to brain
2.) Birth Characteristics - born premature (leading cause) & low weight @ birth
3.) Injuries -
What is Birth Asphyxia?
Lack of oxygen flowing to babies brain when born
- typical sign of this i delayed crying at birth
What are some Perinatal injuries that may occur & lead to cerebral palsy?
Hemorrhages (excessive bleeding from ruptures in brain), strokes, & seizures leading to ischemic brain injuries
How is Cerebral Palsy Developed Postnatally?
- 3 key categories
1.) Brain Injury - head trauma, intracranial hemorrhages, & strokes
2.) Infections - meningitis, jaundice, chickenpox
3.) Hypoxic Incidents - any event with lack of O2 to brain (eg; drowning or cardiac arrest)
What is Meningitis?
Inflammation of protective membranes (meninges) around brain & spinal cord
How many people are born with Cerebral palsy?
Cerebal palsy occurs in about every 2-2.5 of 1000 live births
What are mortality & Morbidity rates dependent on?
Life expectancy of those with cerebral palsy is dependent on severity of condition
What is the life expectancy of individuals with mild cerebral palsy?
Similar to those without CP
- 80% have life expectancy of 58yrs+
What is the life expectancy of individuals with severe cerebral palsy?
Shorter life expectancy
- 40% chance of living to 20 years old
*mortality rates decreased since 1990
What are some physical barriers faced by those with Cerebral palsy?
- mobility challenges (due to muscles)
- muscle spasticity & fatigue (can cause balance problems)
- fine motor limitations (eg; stiff fingers make grasping hard)
What are some Environmental barriers faced by those with Cerebral palsy?
- inaccessible facilities
- lack of adaptive equipment
What are some Social barriers faced by those with Cerebral palsy?
- exclusion from programs
- stigma & social attitudes
What are some Physical Limitations/Features of someone with Cerebral palsy?
1.) Muscle tone abnormalities - stiff muscles, low muscle tone
2.) Coordination difficulties
3.) Mobility limitations
4.) Speech & Swallowing difficulties (due to esophageal muscles being too tight)
5.) Fatigue & Pain - caused by muscle stiffness & effort required for movement
What are 3 Cognitive Limitations/Features of someone with Cerebral palsy?
1.) Learning Disabilities - memory, problem solving, & processing speed
2.) Speech & Language Delays - could be from cognitive processing challenges or motor impairments affecting speech muscles
3.) Intellectuals Disabilities - mild to severe, affecting learning & ADL’s
What are 3 Emotional Limitations/Features of someone with Cerebral palsy?
1.) Frustration & Anxiety
2.) Low self-esteem - from social stigma, dependence, & mobility challenges
3.) Depression - feeling isolated from others
