Lecture 9 - Socio-cultural Factors In APA

Question 1

Lecture 9:

What are Socio-Cultural Factors?

Answer 1

Combination of social & cultural factors as they relate to the different groups of people in society & their beliefs, habits, & traditions

Question 2

Lecture 9:

What does the social aspect of socio-cultural factors refer to?

Answer 2

Refers to how one engages with, or relates to society &/or it’s organization

Question 3

Lecture 9:

What is a Society?

Answer 3

A collection of people living in a defined geographical territory
- united by political system & shared sense of self-identification that distinguishes them from others

Question 4

Lecture 9:

How do societies differ?

Answer 4

Each society has a different culture & different forms of social, political, & economic organization

Question 5

Lecture 9:

What does the cultural aspect of socio-cultural factors consist of?

Answer 5

Consists of the ways of life people creases as they participate in a group or society
- encompass all socially invented ways of thinking, feeling, & acting
- some people have more power & resources than others in the culture creation process

Question 6

Lecture 9:

How does physical activity vary in cultures?

Answer 6

As parts of culture, PA & Sports have forms & meaning that vary from one group to the next & vary over time as groups/societies change

Question 7

Lecture 9:

What does the Socio-Cultural system refer to?

Answer 7

Refers to a self-organized movement towards a predefined order
- encompasses interdependent relationships b/w members & their connection to the whole

Question 8

Lecture 9:

What could memberships in socio-cultural systems include?

Answer 8

Family, groups, organizations, & nations

Question 9

Lecture 9:

What do Socio-Cultural Factors influence?

Answer 9

Influence the feelings, attitudes, values, beliefs, & interactions of a population or group

Question 10

Lecture 9:

What are some examples of Socio-Cultural Factors?

Answer 10

• gender identity, sexuality, sex
• ethnicity, race, religion
• ability/disability
• economic status, wealth distribution, education

Question 11

Lecture 9:

What is Socio-Cultural Identity?

Answer 11

Socially constructed categories that have created social & cultural identities that carry heavy meaning in society
- these identities are typically used to classify individuals of these characterizations

Question 12

Lecture 9:

What are some ways Socio-Cultural Identities can be perceived?

Answer 12

Some people can be seen as having more privilege than others
- believes that socially constructed categories are positioned in difference or opposition (held to different expectations)

Question 13

Lecture 9:

Question 14

Lecture 9:

How does physical activity members of society learn what to means to be a part of a certain social group?

Answer 14

Through interactions with others

Question 15

Lecture 9:

Define Socio-cultural identity

Answer 15

How individuals engagement with texts is influenced by their investments in activities & their social & cultural identities

Question 16

Lecture 9:

What is the socio-cultural approach & what does it help us understand?

Answer 16

Socio-cultural approach helps us understand how behaviour can be influenced by the ways in which one engages with themselves, their environment, & others

Question 17

Lecture 9:

What does the Social Ecological Model look at?

Answer 17

Recognizes the relationships between individuals & their physical environments

Question 18

Lecture 9:

What does the Social Ecological Model assume about behaviour?

Answer 18

Assumes behaviour results from influences @ multiple levels
- environmental factors influence behaviour directly & indirectly through individual’s perceptions
- PA interventions most likely to be effective when targeting multiple levels

Question 19

Lecture 9:

What are the 5 levels, from highest to lowest, of the Social Ecological Model?
*define each

Answer 19

1.) Policy - federal, state, & local legislation
2.) Community - cities, neighborhoods, & norms
3.) Institutional - organizations, schools, & workplaces
4.) Interpersonal - friends, family, & social networks
5.) Individual - knowledge, attitudes, skills, & behaviours

Question 20

Lecture 9:

What is Intersectionality?

Answer 20

Provides a lens to understand individual’s multiple social identities & how these interact to shape experiences in specific contexts

Question 21

Lecture 9:

What does Intersectionality consider?

Answer 21

The meaning of membership in multiple social groups to understand individual’s complex experiences

Question 22

Lecture 9:

What does intersectionality contribute to?

Answer 22

Intersections of social identities contribute to our own unique experiences & the ways in which our lives are meaningfully different from one another

Question 23

Lecture 9:

What may be experienced when aspects of our social identity overlap?

Answer 23

May experience interlocking systems of privilege & oppression

Question 24

Lecture 9:

What is the intersectionality framework used to understand?

Answer 24

Understanding how individuals multiple & complex identities influence experiences of disadvantage

Question 25

Lecture 9: What are 4 points that come up according to the intersectionality perspective?

Answer 25

1.) Inequities are never a result of single factors 2.) Dynamics of privilege changes with context 3.) Intersecting identities are rarely understood 4.) Social injustices are often overlapping & create many levels of social injustice

Question 26

Lecture 9: What is Stigma?

Answer 26

Shame or inferior status that people consciously or unconsciously give to others they perceive as “different” - stigma typically felt due to intersecting identities - difference of any socio-cultural identity

Question 27

Lecture 9: When discussing stigma, what is ableism?

Answer 27

Expecting people with disabilities to always adjust to a world that doesn’t consider their needs - Centered on a narrow range of “normal” & discriminates against the many diverse ways of functioning in the world

Question 28

Lecture 9: How are stigma & ableism related?

Answer 28

Stigma happens when we look at people with disabilities from an ableist POV *hierarchy of preference towards disability

Question 29

Lecture 9: What is intersectional thinking & what does it require?

Answer 29

Requires a willingness to listen to unfamiliar insights to understand issues that may affect certain social groups or individuals - must hear their voices, experiences, practices, & histories no matter how comfortable

Question 30

Lecture 9: When discussing Social Identity mapping, what are the 10 things included in the 1st tier of social identity?

Answer 30

Economic Class Citizenship Ability/Disability Age Race Sexual Orientation Gender Identity Cis/Trans Education Religious Beliefs

Question 31

Lecture 9: When discussing Social Identity mapping, what is included in the 2nd tier of life impact?

Answer 31

Looks at how social identities impact your lives; - positions you may hold - values attached to identities - interpretations of events/interactions

Question 32

Lecture 9: When discussing Social Identity mapping, what is included in the 3rd tier of emotions?

Answer 32

Identifies emotions or feelings that may be tied to details of your social identity

Question 33

Lecture 9: What are 2 things to remember when considering how socio-cultural factors may influence APA participation?

Answer 33

- consult the intersectionality framework - remember that those with disabilities are often faced with additional challenges

Question 34

Lecture 9: Who must design APA interventions & how?

Answer 34

Health care providers, educators, & policy makers must design interventions around specific cultural norms, community factors, & individual motivations that can affect health related behaviours

Question 35

Lecture 9: What was the most significant predictor of attitudes towards inclusion in school?

Answer 35

Gender was most significant predictor of attitude towards inclusion across schools - girls have more affirmative attitudes towards inclusion & greater acceptance of diverse PE

Question 36

Lecture 9: What are 4 types of Barriers to exercise?

Answer 36

1.) Intrapersonal 2.) Information 3.) Resource 4.) Socio-cultural

Question 37

Lecture 9: What is the Intrapersonal Barrier to exercise?

Answer 37

Barriers such as physical limitations or lack of time

Question 38

Lecture 9: What is the Information Barrier to exercise?

Answer 38

Lack of health care provider guidance

Question 39

Lecture 9: What is the Resource Barrier to exercise?

Answer 39

Financial constraints, lack of neighborhood facilities, & resources

Question 40

Lecture 9: What is the Socio-cultural Barrier to exercise?

Answer 40

Influence of culture; ie African American

Question 41

Lecture 9: Wha are 2 facilitators to exercise?

Answer 41

1.) Group exercise - provides social aspect 2.) Affordable & accessible exercise facilities