Deafness & Hearing Impairments - Presentation

Question 1

What is Conductive Hearing Loss?

Answer 1

• occurs when sound is prevented from entering the inner ear due to a blockage & causes muffled hearing in

Question 2

How is Conductive Hearing Loss typically treated?

Answer 2

Often treated with medications or surgery

Question 3

What is Sensorineural Hearing Loss?

Answer 3

Occurs when inner ear or nerve is damaged causing difficulty hearing high frequency sounds
- Tennitus (ringing in the ears) may result

Question 4

What is the Rinne & Weber Test?
- define “rinne” & define “Webster”

Answer 4

Test that tells us what kind of hearing loss one may have
- Rinne = tuning fork placed by ear that tells when you can no longer hear
- Webster = tool placed mid forehead to tell which ear you hear better in

Question 5

What are 4 main ways someone can become deaf or lose hearing?

Answer 5

1.) Prenatal
2.) Perinatal
3.) Childhood
4.) Adulthood

Question 6

What are some Prenatal factors that may cause a child to be born deaf or with hearing loss?

Answer 6

• Genetics
• Infections (measles, premature or toxic plasmodia)
• Maternal Factors (alcohol/drug abuse, diabetes)

Question 7

What are some Perinatal factors that may cause a child to be born deaf or with hearing loss?

Answer 7

• Birth Asphyxia (due to prolonged birth)
• Congenital Abnormalities (bone in ear displaced)
• Jaundice
• Group B Streptococcus (transferred from mom to baby during birth)

Question 8

What are some factors that may cause a child to become deaf or lose hearing during Childhood?

Answer 8

• Infections (meningitis or Lotitus Media)
• Loud noises
• Head trauma

Question 9

What are some factors that may cause an Adult to become deaf or lose hearing during Adulthood?

Answer 9

• Age
• Tinnitus
• Osteosclerosis
• Presbititus

Question 10

When discussing hearing loss/deafness in Adulthood, What is Tinnitus?

Answer 10

Ringing or other noises experienced in one or both ears when there is no external sounds actually happening & typically treated with hearing aids

Question 11

When discussing hearing loss/deafness in Adulthood, What is Osteosclerosis?

Answer 11

Abnormal bone growth in middle of ear impacting movement of ear ossicles

Question 12

How many people experience hearing loss globally?

Answer 12

1.5 billion people experience hearing loss
- 430million with disabling hearing loss

Question 13

What countries are most impacted by Hearing loss?

Answer 13

Low & middle class countries

Question 14

What % of the Canadian population have hearing loss?

Answer 14

38%

Question 15

How many Canadians over 15 years have a hearing disability?

Answer 15

1.3million (5%) of Canadians 15+ have a hearing disability

Question 16

What %/how many Canadians that require hearing aids report not using them?

Answer 16

66% of Canadians dont use hearing aids when they need them, that is 319 thousand people

Question 17

What is Conductive vs Sensorineural deafness/hearing loss?

Answer 17

Conductive hearing loss occurs when sound transmission is blocked in the outer or middle ear, while sensorineural hearing loss happens due to damage to the inner ear (hair cells) or auditory nerve.

Question 18

What are some reasons that cause Conductive hearing loss?

Answer 18

• fluid
• foreign objects
• allergies
• ruptured eardrum
• impacted earwax

Question 19

What are some reasons that cause Sensorineural hearing loss?

Answer 19

• Aging
• Noise damage
• Drug side effects
• Auditory tumours
• Blasts/explosions

Question 20

What are 3 reasons that cause both Sensorineural & Conductive hearing loss?

Answer 20

• genetic disorders
• infections
• head trauma

Question 21

What is most common; Sensorineural or Conductive hearing loss?

Answer 21

85-95% is Sensorineural deafness/hearing loss

Question 22

What are some physical features of someone who is deaf or has hearing loss?

Answer 22

• No single feature as deafness is a sensory disability not a physical one & all are unique
• Possible balance issues due to poor connection b/w vestibular & auditory systems
• hearing aid or cochlear implant used

Question 23

What are some Cognitive features of someone who is deaf or has hearing loss?

Answer 23

• Distinct Speech Patterns ~ due to limited auditory feedback (rely on body language & facial expressions
• Heightened Visual-Spatial Skills ~ strong peripheral vision & can process many sources
• Communication & Social Skills ~ can go between different modes of communication

Question 24

What are some Emotional features of someone who is deaf or has hearing loss?

Answer 24

• Frustration & Isolation (language & communication barriers)
• Resilience & Problem Solving
• Confidence & Self-Advocacy (especially as they age)

Question 25

What are some Social features of someone who is deaf or has hearing loss?

Answer 25

- Strong deaf community & cultural identity (social support & sense of belonging provided) - Different Social Norms (more structured convos) - Importance of Early Socialization & Identity Formation

Question 26

What are a couple management strategies for deafness/hearing impaired?

Answer 26

- Hearing Aids - Cochlear Implants - Bone Anchored Hearing Aids - FM System - Captioning - Learning Languages

Question 27

How are Hearing Aids used as a Management Strategy?

Answer 27

- make sounds louder & can be worn by all ages - can help babies learn different sounds if used at young age (helps speech/language development)

Question 28

How are Cochlear Implants used as a Management Strategy?

Answer 28

- send signals directly to hearing nerve - beneficial for small/abnormal cochlea’s - used when hearing aids wouldn’t help/work

Question 29

How are Bone Anchored Hearing Aids used as a Management Strategy?

Answer 29

- used for conductive, mixed, or unilateral hearing loss - good for children who cant wear certain hearing aids

Question 30

How are FM System used as a Management Strategy?

Answer 30

Sends sounds from a microphone to the individual wearing the receiver & is great for students

Question 31

How is Captioning used as a Management Strategy?

Answer 31

Used on devices to show conversation being spoken

Question 32

What are some Intrapersonal Barriers?

Answer 32

- reduced self confidence & self-efficacy - fear of being a burden - frustration/lack of patience - anxiety/stress Eg; always having to ask for repetition

Question 33

What are some Interpersonal Barriers?

Answer 33

- shaming, stigmatizing, & bullying - feelings of isolation/exclusion - challenges in group activities - lot of focus on disability rather than their ability

Question 34

What are some Structural Barriers?

Answer 34

- lack of public interpreters - technology devices are expensive - workplace accessibility = limited jobs - Emergency systems (sometimes sound but no ligths)

Question 35

What are some Sociocultural Barriers?

Answer 35

- limited education on sign language - ability segregation - lack of leadership opportunities - lack of experiences in PA

Question 36

How could you use the STEP Framework to adapt the Space for someone who is deaf/hard of hearing?

Answer 36

- limit background noise/distractions - well-lit spaces

Question 37

How could you use the STEP Framework to adapt the Task for someone who is deaf/hard of hearing?

Answer 37

- have white boards for instructions - use flags instead of whistles (visual) - face players when giving instructions

Question 38

How could you use the STEP Framework to adapt the Equipment for someone who is deaf/hard of hearing?

Answer 38

- use bright coloured objects - have vibrating wristbands - flashing lights - colour-coded/symbolism

Question 39

How could you use the STEP Framework to adapt the People for someone who is deaf/hard of hearing?

Answer 39

- Have microphone or people speak loudly - use a buddy system - emphasis on facial expressions/body language - sign language

Question 40

What are the 4 main goals of Intervention?

Answer 40

- ensure all students have clear understanding - all students can participate to best of ability - welcoming & supportive environment to build confidence & self-esteem - support development of physical & fundamental skills in a way that is inclusive for everyone