Ch 1

Question 1

view that psychology should be an objective science 2) that studies behavior w/o reference to mental processes

Answer 1

behaviorism

Question 2

historically important perspective that emphasizes human growth potential

Answer 2

humanistic psychology

Question 3

the study of mental processes of how we perceive, process, and remember info

Answer 3

cognitive psychology

Question 4

the interdisciplinary study of the brain activity linked with mental activity (perception, thinking and memory)

Answer 4

cognitive neuroscience

Question 5

the science of behavior and mental processes

Answer 5

psychology

Question 6

critical thinking, biopsychosocial approach, two track mind, exploring. human strengths

Answer 6

4 big ideas in psychology

Question 7

established the first psychology lab; created a machine to measure how long it took people to press a telegraph key after hearing a ball drop

Answer 7

Wilhelm Wundt

Question 8

One of the first recognized American psychologists; wrote the first psychology book

Answer 8

William James

Question 9

1st woman president of the APA; taught by William James

Answer 9

Mary Whiton Calkins

Question 10

Emphasized unconscious thought process and our emotional responses to childhood experiences; famous for the psychodynamic approach; psychotherapy

Answer 10

Sigmund Freud

Question 11

approach to psychology that deals with unconscious; Free Association

Answer 11

Psychodynamic Approach

Question 12

Approach form 1920-30; psychology should be about only what we observe; “black box”; BF Skinner, Pavlov

Answer 12

Behavioral approach

Question 13

Approach to psychology that people have a choice on how they respond; a more positive approach; western culture; 1950-60; Carl Rodgers

Answer 13

Humanistic Approach

Question 14

Approach to psychology; How we think; way different than Behavioral; open the black box

Answer 14

Cognitive approach

Question 15

approach to psychology; What is the brain doing? Biological + physiological

Answer 15

Cognitive Neuroscience Approach

Question 16

Key elements of scientific attitude

Answer 16

Curiosity, Skepticism, Humility

Question 17

perspective matters (blind men each touching the elephant); different pets of the truth

Answer 17

complementary perspective

Question 18

PCP: how the brain and body enable emotions, memories and sensory experiences

Answer 18

Neuroscience

Question 19

PCP: how the selection of traits passed down from one generation promotes the survival of genes

Answer 19

evolutionary

Question 20

PCP: how our genes and environment influence our individual differences

Answer 20

behavioral genetics

Question 21

PCP: how behavior springs from unconscious drives

Answer 21

Psychodynamic

Question 22

PCP: how we learn observable responses

Answer 22

Behavioral

Question 23

PCP: how we encode, process and store and retrieve info

Answer 23

Cognitive

Question 24

PCP: how behavior and thinking vary across situations and cultures

Answer 24

Social Cultural

Question 25

American psychologist who thought psychology must be the scientific study of observable behavior. Led to behaviorism in 1920s

Answer 25

John B Watson

Question 26

helped pioneer the behavioral approach in the 1920s with John B Watson

Answer 26

BF Skinner

Question 27

a carefully worded statement of the exact procedures used in a research study. EX sleep deprived may be defined as 2 hours of sleep or less

Answer 27

operational definition

Question 28

an explanation using principles that organize observations and predict behaviors or events

Answer 28

theory

Question 29

Components of a good theory:

Answer 29

effectively organizes, leads to clear predictions, allows replicating

Question 30

a testable prediction often implied by a theory

Answer 30

hypothesis

Question 31

an approach that integrates different but complementary views from biological, psychological, and social cultural views

Answer 31

bio psychological approach

Question 32

principle that our mind processes info at the same time on separate conscious and unconscious tracks

Answer 32

dual processing

Question 33

limits of intuition

Answer 33

hindsight bias, overconfidence, perceived order of random events

Question 34

descriptive technique in which one individual or group is studied in depth

Answer 34

case study

Question 35

a descriptive technique of observing and recording behavior in naturally occurring situations w/o trying to change or control a situation

Answer 35

naturalistic observation

Question 36

measure of the extent to which two events vary together and how well one predicts the other

Answer 36

correlation

Question 37

exploring the links between brain and mind

Answer 37

biological psychologists

Question 38

studying our changing abilities from womb to tomb

Answer 38

developmental psychologists

Question 39

experimenting with how we think perceive and solve problems

Answer 39

cognitive psychologists

Question 40

investigating our persistent traits

Answer 40

personality psychologists

Question 41

exploring how we view and affect one another

Answer 41

social psychologists

Question 42

helping people cope with personal and career challenges by recognizing strengths and resources

Answer 42

counseling psychologists

Question 43

investigating psychological, biological and behavioral factors that promote or impair our health

Answer 43

health psychologists

Question 44

assessing and treating people with mental emotional and behavior disorders

Answer 44

clinical psychologists

Question 45

studying and advising on workplace related behaviors and system

Answer 45

industrial organizational

Question 46

working to create social and physical environments that are healthy for all

Answer 46

community psychologists