Ch. 1 - Human Body

Question 1

Gross anatomy

Answer 1

Large structures

Question 2

Microanatomy

Answer 2

Microscopic Structures

Question 3

Integumentary System

Answer 3

Skin

Question 4

Function of Skin

Answer 4

• Protection (Barrier to bacteria; Cushioning)
• Thermoregulation (Sweating to loose heat, Hair to retain heat, Blood supply to capillaries)
• Sensation (Heat, cold, touch, pain, etc.)
• Excretion and absorption (Urea and ammonia)
• Vitamin D production

Question 5

Skeletal System

Answer 5

Bones and joints

Question 6

functions of bones

Answer 6

Movement: Joints and muscle attachments
Posture and framework against gravity
Protection of vital organs
Ca++ balance (homeostasis)

Question 7

Properties of muscle tissue

Answer 7

• Contractibility: The tissue gets shorter
• Extensibility: The tissue can stretch
• Elasticity: The tissue returns to its original length
• Electrical excitability: Sends electrical signals

Question 8

Nervous System

Answer 8

Brain, spinal cord, sensory receptors, nerves

Question 9

Functions of the nervous system

Answer 9

Gather information from internal and external environments (sensory neurons)
Process the information in the central nervous system
Respond with the appropriate action (motor neurons)
Contraction of a muscle for movement
Regulation of heart rate or respiration

Question 10

Endocrine System

Answer 10

Pineal, pituitary, thyroid, and adrenal glands. Thymus, pancreas, ovaries, and testes

Question 11

Inferior Caudal

Answer 11

Toward the feet

Question 12

Superior Cranial

Answer 12

Toward the head

Question 13

Medial

Answer 13

Toward the midline

Question 14

Lateral

Answer 14

Away from the midline

Question 15

Ipsilateral

Answer 15

Same side

Question 16

Contralateral

Answer 16

Other side

Question 17

Distal

Answer 17

Down the limb

Question 18

Proximal

Answer 18

Up the limb

Question 19

Intermediate

Answer 19

Between structures

Question 20

Anterior Ventral

Answer 20

Forward

Question 21

Postural Dorsal

Answer 21

Backwards

Question 22

Superficial

Answer 22

Near the surface

Question 23

Deep

Answer 23

Away from he surface

Question 24

Siggital (Section/Plane)

Answer 24

Right from left (i.e. line between the eyes)

Question 25

Transverse (Section/Plane)

Answer 25

Top from bottom (i.e. waistline)

Question 26

Frontal (Section/Plane)

Answer 26

From from back

Question 27

Oblique (Section/Plane)

Answer 27

At an angle

Question 28

Cranial Cavity

Answer 28

Contains the brain

Question 29

Dorsal Cavity

Answer 29

Cranial and vertebral cavities containing the brain and spinal cord

Question 30

Vertebral Cavity

Answer 30

Contains the spinal cord

Question 31

Ventral Cavity

Answer 31

Thoracic, abdominal, and pelvic cavities

Question 32

Thoracic Cavity

Answer 32

Lungs and heart area. Contains the mediastinum, the pleural cavity, and the pericardial cavity

Question 33

Abdominal (abdominalpelvic?) Cavity

Answer 33

Many organs: intestines, liver, stomach etc.

Question 34

Pleural Cavity

Answer 34

Contains the Lungs

Question 35

Pericardial Cavity

Answer 35

Contains the Heart

Question 36

Visceral Lining

Answer 36

Membrane lining the organs | i.e. Visceral pleura = membrane on the lung, or visceral peritoneum = membrane on organs in the abdominal cavity

Question 37

Parietal Lining

Answer 37

Membrane lining the cavity | i.e. parietal pericardium = membrane lining the pericardium

Question 38

Epigastric Region

Answer 38

Upper medial abdominal area

Question 39

Umbilical Region

Answer 39

Medial abdominal area

Question 40

Hypogastric (pubic) Region

Answer 40

Lower medial abdominal area

Question 41

Right hypochondriac Region

Answer 41

Upper right abdominal area

Question 42

Left hypochondriac Region

Answer 42

Upper left abdominal area

Question 43

Right Lumbar Region

Answer 43

Middle left abdominal area

Question 44

Left Lumbar Region

Answer 44

Middle right abdominal area

Question 45

Right Iliac (inguinal) Region

Answer 45

Lower right abdominal area

Question 46

Left Iliac (inguinal) Region

Answer 46

Lower left abdominal area

Question 47

Light microscope

Answer 47

Can see cells and the structure of tissue

Question 48

Electron Microscope

Answer 48

The cell and nuclear membrane become visible, as well as molecules

Question 49

X-Ray

Answer 49

High energy light passes through soft tissue but is absorbed by dense tissue

Question 50

Digital Subtraction Angiography

Answer 50

Take an X-ray of an area, inject a contrasting medium, taken another X-ray, and subtract what was present in the first X-ray

Question 51

CT Scan

Answer 51

A series of X-ray sections put together into a 3D picture

Question 52

Positron Emission Tomography

Answer 52

Using a radioactive isotope indicates cellular activity

Question 53

Ultrasound Images

Answer 53

Picture generated from the echo of high-frequency sound

Question 54

Magnetic Resonance Image (MRI)

Answer 54

Detects levels of hydrogen (in WATER)