CH 1 Intro to A&P Flashcards by Erick Torres-Zaldana

What are the levels of organizations of the Human body

Chemical
Cellular
Tissue
Organs
Organ system
Organisms

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What is the function of the Integumentary System?

Protect the body
regulate Temperature
eliminate waste
helps make vitamin D
detects sensation

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What are the components to the Integumentary system?

Skin
Hair
Nails
Glands
Structures necessary for sensation

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What is the function of the Skeletal System?

supports and protects (ex. ribs)
provides surface area for muscle attachment
contains cells for blood formation
Stores minerals and lipids

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What are the components of the skeletal system?

Bones
Joints
Cartilage

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What is the function of the muscular system?

body movement
maintains posture
major heat producer

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what are the components of the muscular system?

Muscles
Tendons (Muscle to Bone)
Ligaments (Bone to Bone)

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What is the function of the Nervous System?

Sensation
Interpretation
Integration

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What are the components of the Nervous System?

Brain
Spinal Cord
Nerves
Sensory Organs

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What is the function of the Endocrine System?

Hormone Production
Controls activités such as growth and metabolism

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what are the components of the Endocrine System?

Hormones
Glands
Some organs

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what is the function of the cardiovascular System?

Transports blood with nutrients and oxygen to the body
Transports carbon dioxide and wastes away
Helps regulate acid/base balance

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what are the components of the cardiovascular system?

Heart
Blood Vessels

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What is the function of the lymphatic/immune System

Returns Proteins and fluid back to blood
Defense against pathogens

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what are the components of Lymphatic/Immune System?

Lymph Nodes
Lymphatic Vessels
Lymph Fluid
Lymphoid Organs

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What is the function of the Respiratory System?

Takes oxygen
Removes Carbon Dioxide
helps regulate acid/base balance

what are the components of the Respiratory System?

Nose
Mouth
Pharynx
Larynx
Bronchial Trees
Lungs

What is the function of the Digestive System?

Breakdown food
absorb Nutrients
eliminate waste

what are the components of the Digestive System?

Mouth
Pharynx
Esophagus
Stomach
Small Intestine
Large Intestine
Accessory Organs

What is the function of the urinary system?

Production, storage and elimination of urine
Regulates blood volume
acid/base balance
regulates RBC production

what are the components of the urinary System

kidney
ureter
bladder
urethra

what is the function of the reproductive system?

Production of offspring

what are the components of the reproductive system?

Gonads
associated organs

What pathway does the Receptor use for Homeostasis feedback loop?

Afferent Pathway- sends input to control center

what does the Control Center do during the feedback system?

Evaluates the input and keeps things within normal ranges

what is Efferent Pathway ?

pathway to send output if values are outside the normal range

What is the *Effector* in the feedback system?

The body structure that receives output from the control center and produces response or effect that changes the controlled condition

What is the function of Radiographs (x-rays)

* produces 2-D images * denser material like bone come out white * Hollow organs like lungs come out black

what is the function of Magnetic Resonance Image (MRI)

* high magnets cause hydrogen to arrange themselves in accordance to the high magnetic fields * shows high details of soft tissue not bones * detects tumors and clogged vessels

what is the function of Computed Tomography (CT)

* more details of soft tissue than traditional radio graphs

what is the function of Ultrasound

high frequency sound waves produced by handheld wand reflect off body tissues and are detected by the same instrument

what is the function of Endoscopy?

* involves the visual examinations of the inside of body organs or cavities

what is the function of Radionucleuotide scanning?

* Gamma rays are used to detect collection of injected radioactive substance to certain parts of the body. * high tissue activity is indicated with intense color of screen