Ch. 11-14 Genes and Chromosomes Test Review

Question 1

homologous chromosomes that are same or similar chromosomes in males and females

Answer 1

autosomes

Question 2

how many Autosomes does a human have?

Answer 2

44

Question 3

chromosomes that are different in males and females

Answer 3

sex chromosomes

Question 4

how many sex chromosomes does a human have?

Answer 4

2

Question 5

traits that are produced through the interaction of several genes

Answer 5

polygenic traits

Question 6

only gets 1 sex chromosome (X). Appears female but sex organs do not develop at puberty

Answer 6

Turner Syndrome

Question 7

what is a Karyotype for Turner Syndrome?

Answer 7

45 X or 45 X0

Question 8

gets two X’s and 1 Y. Appear male but are sterile

Answer 8

Klinefelter Syndrome

Question 9

what is a karyotype for klinefelter syndrome?

Answer 9

47 XXY

Question 10

a gene with more than two alleles

Answer 10

multiple alleles

Question 11

a gene located on one of the sex chromosomes

Answer 11

sex linked genes

Question 12

both alleles are active so both are expressed

Answer 12

codominance

Question 13

the active allele does not completely dominate over the inactive allele so the outcome is in between

Answer 13

incomplete dominance

Question 14

a trait that is caused by a gene whose expression is different in males and females

Answer 14

sex influenced traits

Question 15

in male patterned baldness, what does BB stand for?

Answer 15

normal

Question 16

in male patterned baldness, what does Bb stand for?

Answer 16

men are bald; women are normal

Question 17

in male patterned baldness, what does bb stand for?

Answer 17

both are bald (rare)

Question 18

mistakes in gene information transfer

Answer 18

mutations

Question 19

involve segments, whole or sets of chromosomes

Answer 19

chromosome mutations

Question 20

part of the nonhomologous chromosome breaks off and attaches to another

Answer 20

translocation

Question 21

mistakes that affect the reproductive cells

Answer 21

germ mutations

Question 22

mistakes that affect body cells

Answer 22

somatic mutations

Question 23

a segment is replaced
a. original chromosome- ab: cdefg
b. mutated chromosome- ab:cdefefg

Answer 23

duplication

Question 24

changes that affect one single protein

Answer 24

point mutation

Question 25

oriented in the reverse of its usual direction
original chromosome: abc:defg
mutated chromosome: aed:cbfg

Answer 25

inversion

Question 26

the loss of a part of a chromosome
original chromosome: abc:defg
mutated chromosome: abc:deg

Answer 26

deletion

Question 27

failure of chromosomes (Meiosis I) or chromatids (Meiosis II) to separate properly and the results are gametes with too few or too many chromosomes

Answer 27

nondisjunction

Question 28

what is the karyotype for a person with nondisjunction?

Answer 28

47 XX or 47 XY

Question 29

a protein is inserted or deleted so it changes the sequence completely

Answer 29

frameshift mutation

Question 30

what is essential in sex determination?

Answer 30

the X chromosome

Question 31

Give all the possible genotypic combinations for a person with A blood?

Answer 31

AA or AO

Question 32

Give all the possible genotypic combinations for a person with B blood?

Answer 32

BB or BO

Question 33

Give all the possible genotypic combinations for a person with O blood?

Answer 33

OO

Question 34

Give all the possible genotypic combinations for a person with AB blood?

Answer 34

AB

Question 35

a universal donor has to have what blood type?

Answer 35

O, because it has no antigens

Question 36

SEE REVIEW GOOGLE FORM TO STUDY FOR MORE

Question 37

HJK:LOPQ

Answer 37

deletion

Question 38

HJJK:LMNOPQ

Answer 38

duplication

Question 39

HML:KJNOPQ

Answer 39

inversion (MUST WORK OUT USING MODEL ON TEST)

Question 40

HJK:LMNOPQ HJK:LDEOPQ
AB:CDEFG AB:CMNFG

Answer 40

translocation

Question 41

take out the E in the first THE to make a frameshift
THE RAT SAT AND ATE THE FAT

Answer 41

THR ATS ATA NDA TET HEF AT