Flashcards in ch 13 Deck (23)
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1
violence that is most commonly inflicted by one individual against another or by a small group against another
interpersonal violence
2
the notion that an event occurs as a result of more than one factor
multi-causal
3
dark figure of crime
the variation between the number of crimes that occur and the number of crimes that are actually reported to the police
4
what are the GSS's 3 measures of violent victimization?
assault, sexual assault, and robbery
5
factors that are associated with crime
correlates
6
violent victimization that does not cause death
sub-lethal violent victimization
7
factors associated with an incident
situational characteristics
8
violent victimization that causes death
lethal violence
9
theories that state certain societal stressors increase the likelihood of crime
strain theories
10
low income or poverty in and of itself
absolute deprivation
11
the perception of unfair disparity between one's situation and that of others
relative deprivation
12
a culturally idealized form of masculinity
hegemonic masculinity
13
the unequal distribution of resources and services from one area to another
spatial inequality
14
larger numbers of poor people living in certain neighbourhoods means higher levels of violent crime
compositional effect
15
levels of violent crime stem from neighbourhood social context
contextual effect
16
a group's shared belief that it can come together to achieve desire goals
collective efficacy
17
a crime and violence prevention model that is designed to address social and spatial inequalities in urban neighbourhoods
safer cities initiatives
18
what does CPSD stand for
crime prevention through social development
19
the twin pillars of crime prevention
CPTED and CPSD
20
primary level of CPSD
universal, population-based programs for everyone such as education and healthcare
21
secondary level of CPSD
programs that target those at higher risk for criminal activity
22
tertiary level of CPSD
rehabilitative and supervision programs for offenders to reduce re-offending
23
