Flashcards in midterm Deck (101)
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1
when and where was the first school of criminology established?
1963, university of montreal
2
when was the school of criminology established at sfu?
1973
3
on average, by age 18, how many violent acts and how many murders has a child watched on tv?
16,000 murders
200,000 violent acts
4
5 features of moral panic
concern, hostility, consensus, disproportionality, volatility
5
behaviour that differs from accepted social norms
deviance
6
statistical data relating to characteristics of a population
demographics
7
the finding that two measurable variables occur together, suggesting a relationship but not necessarily cause/effect
correlation
8
forensic entomology
the study of insects to assist in legal investigations
9
what does UCR stand for
Uniform Crime Reporting survey
10
what does GSS stand for
General Social Survey
11
how does the GSS get its data?
by randomly calling citizens in a given jurisdiction
12
who argued that criminality was a biological trait
cesare lombroso
13
explain william sheldon's argument of somatotyping
body types are strongly linked to criminal behaviour
14
what part of the brain is associated with aggressive behaviour
frontal lobe
15
what does CPTED stand for
Crime prevention through environmental design
16
what does CPTED aim to do (2 things)
manage crime by:
1. decreasing the opportunity and motivation for committing crime
2. increasing risk to offender if crime is committed
17
2 criticisms of CPTED
1. it only displaces crime to less-protected areas
2. it shifts the responsibility of crime prevention from the state onto the individual
18
geographic profiling
a tool that permits police to focus on the likely residence of offenders in the case of serial crimes
19
imposing a form of control on individuals who might otherwise not be subject to such control
net widening
20
crime is a choice made by willing actors
rational choice theory
21
media effects
the concept that exposure to media has an effect on behaviour
22
active audiences
the concept that audiences are not passive recipients of info but instead are active in creating meaning
23
problem frame
a narrative that is easily understood because it focuses on something "bad" that affects many people and can be solved in the future
24
a person or group that takes the lead in identifying a certain behaviour as deviant and in need of legal sanctions
moral entrepreneurs (crusaders)
25
people or groups presented in media as deviant outsiders and the cause of social problems
folk devils
26
grassroots theory
moral panics begin with genuine public concern about a problem (real or imagined), thus politicians and the media become involved
27
elite-engineered theory
small, powerful groups deliberately create moral panics to divert public attention away from more serious social issues (which the solutions to might negatively impact the groups themselves)
28
interest group theory
media, politicians, professional, and religious groups act independently to generate a moral panic about something they may or may not be genuinely concerned about
29
6 qualities of an "ideal victim" for media coverage
weak, going about routine, blameless, unrelated to offender, submissive, can assert victim status without threatening status quo
30
