Ch. 17 Part 2 Flashcards
(15 cards)
What are chloroplasts hypothesized to come from?
cyanobacteria origin
Name human relevance of bacteria
algal blooms, food supplement
Domain Archaebacteria
- metabolism different from bacteria (cell wall comp org of gene and membrane structure)
3 groups: Methane, Salt, and Sulfolobus bacteria
Methan Bacteria
killed by oxygen, active only in anaerobic conditions, create generation of methane gas for energy
lives in swamp, animal intestines, ocean/lake sediments
Salt Bacteria
thrive in extreme salinity
do simple photosynthesis with rodopsin
Sulfolobus Bacteria
thrive at high temps
distinguished by ribosome shape
live in sulfur hot springs
Describe Viruses
no cytoplasm or cellular structure
do not increase in size, divide, respond to external stimuli, move on independent metabolism work
they express genes inside living cells, use tools inside to produce more
Describe virus makeup
nucleic acid core surrounded by protein coat
can vary (by coat, size, shape, etc.)
core consists of either DNA or RNA
classifed according to DNA or RNA
Describe production of Viruses
bacteriophages are involved and attack bacteria, replicate via host cell
attach to cell, penetrate, dictate synthesis of new molecules, usually kill cell
Viroids
circular stand of RNA in nuclei of infected plant cells, transmitted vis pollen ovules and/or machinery
Prions
proteins cuasing dieases in animals, humans
abnormal protein folding in brain
examples: cruetzfeldt, jacob’s disease, mad cow
Class Bacteriae
upigmented, purple, and green sulfur bacteria
true bacteria
Describe how true bacteria is diff from archaebacteria
have peptidoglycan in cell walls, genes lack introns, fatty acids build membranes
heterotrophic
Human relevance of true bacteria
compost: dark, fluffy material that conditions and enriches soil when mixed with it
Bacillus thuringiensis and Bacillus populliae help controls pest in crops
rhodopsin in bacteria also found in human eyes, helps in researh
