Ch. 17 Vocab

Question 1

the fibrous, outer layer of the eye that forms the white area of the anterior surface; a portion of the fibrous tunic of the eye

Answer 1

sclera

Question 2

reduction in visual activity due to a curvature irregularity in the cornea or lens

Answer 2

astigmatism

Question 3

an abnormal condition in which the lens has lost its transparency

Answer 3

cataract

Question 4

a condition in which a person is unable to distinguish certain colors

Answer 4

color blindness

Question 5

deafness resulting from conditions in the outer or middle ear that block the transfer of vibrations from the tympanic membrane to the oval window

Answer 5

conductive deafness

Question 6

delamination of a portion of the neural retina, which separates the photoreceptor layer from the pigment layer

Answer 6

detached retina

Question 7

deterioration of the retinal photoreceptor layer due to vascular damage and the overgrowth and rupture of blood vessels on the retinal surface

Answer 7

diabetic retinopathy

Question 8

a condition characterized by increased intraocular pressure due to the impaired reabsorption of aqueous humor

Answer 8

glaucoma

Question 9

farsightedness: a condition in which nearby objects are blurry, but distant objects are clear

Answer 9

hyperopia

Question 10

nearsightedness: a condition in which vision at close range is normal, but distant objects appear blurry

Answer 10

myopia

Question 11

deafness resulting from problems within the cochlea or along the auditory nerve pathway

Answer 11

nerve deafness

Question 12

loss of visual activity under dim light conditions due to inadequate visual pigment production, usually as a result of vitamin A deficiency

Answer 12

night blindness

Question 13

abnormal eye movements that may appear after damage to the brain stem or inner ear

Answer 13

nystagmus

Question 14

infection and tissue inflammation within the middle ear cavity

Answer 14

otitis media

Question 15

a type of hyperopia that develops with age as lenses become less elastic

Answer 15

presbyopia

Question 16

eyelids

Answer 16

palpebrae

Question 17

the transparent portion of the fibrous tunic of the anterior surface of the eye

Answer 17

cornea

Question 18

the innermost layer of the eye, lining the vitreous chamber

Answer 18

retina

Question 19

the middle, vascular layer in the wall of the eye

Answer 19

choroid

Question 20

the opening in the center of the iris through which light enters the eye

Answer 20

pupil

Question 21

a fluid similar to perilymph or cerebrospinal fluid that fills the anterior chamber of the eye

Answer 21

aqueous humor

Question 22

the gelatinous mass in the vitreous chamber of the eye

Answer 22

vitreous humor

Question 23

a broad, flattened process that resembles the external ear; in the ear, the expanding, projecting portion that surrounds the external auditory meatus, aka pinna

Answer 23

auricle

Question 24

a passageway in the temporal bone that leads to the tympanic membrane of the inner ear

Answer 24

external acoustic meatus

Question 25

the membrane that separates the external acoustic meatus from the middle ear; the membrane whose vibrations are transferred to the auditory ossicles and ultimately to the oval window ; aka the eardrum

Answer 25

tympanic membrane

Question 26

small bones

Answer 26

ossicles

Question 27

the fluid contents of the membranous labyrinth of the inner ear

Answer 27

endolymph

Question 28

a fluid similar in composition to cerebrospinal fluid; located in the spaces between the bony labyrinth and the membranous labyrinth of the inner ear

Answer 28

perilymph

Question 29

where the hair cells of the cochlear duct lie

Answer 29

organ of corti

Question 30

a pleasant taste that is characteristic of beef broth, chicken broth, and Parmesan cheese

Answer 30

umami

Question 31

a contractile structure, made up of smooth muscle, that forms the colored portion of the eye

Answer 31

iris