Ch. 5 Vocab

Question 1

the epithelium covering the surface of the skin

Answer 1

epidermis

Question 2

the connective tissue layer beneath the epidermis of the skin

Answer 2

dermis

Question 3

covers most of the body surface; contains four layers of keratinocytes; about as thick as the wall of a plastic sandwich bag

Answer 3

thin skin

Question 4

on the palms of the hands and the soles of the feet; contains a fifth layer, the stratum lucidum; about as thick as a standard paper towel

Answer 4

thick skin

Question 5

the tough, fibrous protein component of nails, hair, calluses, and the general integumentary surface

Answer 5

keratin

Question 6

extend into the dermis and are adjacent to dermal papillae that project in the epidermis; increase the surface area of the skin and increase friction, ensuring a secure grip

Answer 6

epidermal ridges

Question 7

a specialized cell in the deeper layers of the stratified squamous epithelium of the skin; responsible for the production of melanin

Answer 7

melanocytes

Question 8

the yellow-brown pigment produced by the melanocytes of the skin

Answer 8

melanin

Question 9

a bluish coloration of the skin due to the presence of deoxygenated blood in vessels near the body surface

Answer 9

cyanosis

Question 10

promotes growth, division, and repair of the epidermis and the secretion of epithelial glands

Answer 10

epidermal growth factor

Question 11

consists of areolar tissue; contains the capillaries, lymphatics, and sensory neurons that supply the surface of the skin

Answer 11

papillary layer

Question 12

deep to the papillary layer; consists of an interwoven meshwork of dense irregular connective tissue containing both collagen and elastic fibers

Answer 12

reticular layer

Question 13

results when the dermis can no longer recoil to its original size after delivery or weight loss; caused by weight gain and pregnancy

Answer 13

stretch marks

Question 14

the layer of loose connective tissue below the dermis

Answer 14

hypodermis

Question 15

an accessory structure of the integument; a tube lined by a stratified squamous epithelium that begins at the surface of the skin and ends at the hair papilla

Answer 15

hair follicles

Question 16

the portion that anchors the hair into the skin; begins at the base of the hair (hair bulb) and extends distally to the point at which the internal organization of the hair is complete

Answer 16

root

Question 17

part of which we see on the surface; extends from halfway point to the exposed tip of the hair

Answer 17

shaft

Question 18

the layer of dead, keratinized cells that surrounds the shaft of a hair

Answer 18

cuticle

Question 19

smooth muscles whose contractions force hairs to stand erect

Answer 19

arrector pili

Question 20

glands that secrete sebum; normally associated with hair follicles

Answer 20

sebaceous gland

Question 21

a waxy secretion that coats the surfaces of hairs

Answer 21

sebum

Question 22

secrete their products into hair follicles; coiled, tubular glands that produce a sticky, cloudy, and potentially odorous secretion

Answer 22

apocrine sweat glands

Question 23

milk-producing glands of the female breast

Answer 23

mammary glands

Question 24

the visible portion of the nail that covers the nail bed

Answer 24

nail body

Question 25

covered by the nail body

Answer 25

nail bed

Question 26

a blood clot that forms at the surface to temporarily restore the integrity of the epidermis and restrict the entry of additional microorganisms into the area

Answer 26

scab

Question 27

the thick, collagenous tissue that forms at an injury site

Answer 27

scar tissue

Question 28

the skin

Answer 28

integument