CH 25 HW

Question 1

What is ingestion?

Answer 1

The selective intake of food

Question 2

What hormones are produced by the digestive tract?

Answer 2

Gastric and secretin

Question 3

What part of the digestive system functions in ingestion, speech, and respiration?

Answer 3

Oral cavity

Question 4

Which muscles manipulate food and push it between the teeth during mastication?

Answer 4

Buccinator and orbicularis oris and tongue

Question 5

The rhythmic, wave-like contraction of the smooth muscles of the digestive tract is called?

Answer 5

Peristalsis

Question 6

The soupy mixture of semidigested food formed in the stomach is called?

Answer 6

Chyme

Question 7

The longitudinal wrinkles in the lining of the stomach

Answer 7

Gastric rugae

Question 8

Functions of the oral cavity

Answer 8

Ingestion, respiration, speech

Question 9

Components of gastric juice

Answer 9

Water, Hydrochloric acid, and pepsin

Question 10

Which muscles produce the up-and-down crushing action of the teeth during mastication?

Answer 10

The masseter and temporalis

Question 11

Significance of the epithelial tight junctions and mucous coat lining the stomach

Answer 11

Protect the stomach lining from acid damage

Question 12

Peristalsis occurs where?

Answer 12

In the esophagus

Question 13

What liver function contributes to the process of digestion?

Answer 13

The secretion of bile

Question 14

What ligament separates the right and left lobes of the liver?

Answer 14

Falciform ligament

Question 15

The 4 lobes of the liver

Answer 15

Right, left, Caudate, and Quadrate lobes

Question 16

Properties that protect the stomach lining from acidic contents

Answer 16

Epithelial cell replacement, mucous coat, and tight junctions

Question 17

Microscopic subunits of the liver, each consisting of a central vein passing down its core

Answer 17

Hepatic lobules

Question 18

Within the liver, blood flows between rows of hepatocytes through what channels?

Answer 18

Sinusoids

Question 19

What separates the right and left lobes of the liver?

Answer 19

The Falciform ligament

Question 20

The sac on the underside of the liver that serves to store and centra the bile

Answer 20

The gallbladder

Question 21

The microscopic structural subunits of the liver

Answer 21

Hepatic lobules

Question 22

Small finger like projections of the lining of the small intestine

Answer 22

Villi

Question 23

Function of the brush border of small intestine

Answer 23

To increase surface area for absorption

Question 24

The digestion of starch by amylase results in the production of?

Answer 24

Oligosaccharides and maltose (a disaccharide)

Question 25

The enzymes that digest disaccharides

Answer 25

Lactase, maltose, and sucrase

Question 26

What is protease?

Answer 26

An enzyme that digests protein

Question 27

Are amino acids digested?

Answer 27

No, they are the product of protein digestion and they are absorbed intact

Question 28

What are the villi of the small intestine?

Answer 28

Finger like projections of the mucosa

Question 29

What are the typical end products of triglyceride digestion?

Answer 29

Two free fatty acids and monoglyceride

Question 30

Which enzymes are located within the plasma membrane of enterocytes in the small intestine?

Answer 30

Brush border enzymes

Question 31

Chylomicrons are made up of what?

Answer 31

Fat molecules coated with phospholipids and protein

Question 32

The enzyme that digests dietary starch

Answer 32

Salivary amylase or pancreatic amylase

Question 33

What are nucleases?

Answer 33

Enzymes that digest RNA and DNA, they hydrolyze nucleic acids into nucleotides

Question 34

What are the functions of large intestine

Answer 34

Water and electrolyte absorption

Question 35

What is the colon?

Answer 35

The large intestine from the ileocecal junction to the rectum

Question 36

Enzymes that digest lipids

Answer 36

Lipases

Question 37

What are haustra?

Answer 37

Pouches along the length of the colon caused by muscular tone

Question 38

What are chylomicrons?

Answer 38

Particles that transport fats into lymph and blood

Question 39

List the stimuli for defecation

Answer 39

Stretching of the descending colon, rectum, and sigmoid colon

Question 40

The part of the large intestine that excludes that cecum, rectum, and anal canal

Answer 40

The colon