CH02: Diagnostics

Question 1

INR level safe for lumbar puncture

Answer 1

LESS THAN OR EQUAL TO 1.5

Question 2

Platelet level safe for lumbar puncture

Answer 2

GREATHER THAN 50,000

Question 3

Corresponds to the level of the axial plane of the ilac crests

Answer 3

L3- L4 Interspace

Question 4

Normal opening pressure in the adults

Answer 4

100 to 190 mm H20 or 8- 14mm Hg

Question 5

tests for rapid rise in CSF by application of the pressure on the vein

Answer 5

Queckenstedt test

Question 6

Amount of RBCs for one to have a hazy or ground glass appearance

Answer 6

200

Question 7

Amount of RBCs for one to have a pinkish to red color

Answer 7

1,000 to 6,000

Question 8

Most common complication of LP

Answer 8

Headache

Question 9

How many times headache happen post LP

Answer 9

One third

Question 10

PIgiment that discolor the CSF RED

Answer 10

Oxyhemoglobin

Question 11

PIgiment that discolor the CSF CANARY YELLOW

Answer 11

Bilirubin

Question 12

PIgiment that discolor the CSF Brown

Answer 12

Methemoglobin

Question 13

Level of protein when coloration become visible to the naked eye

Answer 13

150mg/mL

Question 14

Normal protein in the lumbar spinal fluid

Answer 14

45- 50mg/dL

Question 15

Normal protein in the basal cisterns

Answer 15

10-25 mg/dL

Question 16

Normal protein in the ventricles

Answer 16

5- 15mg/dL

Question 17

Threshold level of glucose to be considered abnormal

Answer 17

35mg/dL

Question 18

comapre CSF and plasma

Answer 18

lower pH, higher pCO2, same HCO3

Question 19

Enzyme to have proven to be a specific indicator of neurologic disease

Answer 19

LDH isoenzymes 4 and 5

Question 20

Major catabolite of dopamine

Answer 20

HVA

Question 21

Major catabolite of serotonin

Answer 21

5HIAA

Question 22

fat - soluble dye used for contrast myelography

Answer 22

iophendylate

Question 23

Most abundant element in the tissues

Answer 23

Hydrogen

Question 24

Preferential movement of water molecules along a particular direction

Answer 24

Anisotropy

Question 25

study detected 2% of aneurysms and 1% of meningiomas in normal population

Answer 25

Rotterdam Study

Question 26

MRS substrate that is decreased in both destructive and when there is reduction in the density of neurons

Answer 26

N- ACETYL ASPARTATE (NAA)

Question 27

MRS marker of membrane turnover, elevated in some rapidly dividing tumors

Answer 27

CHOLINE

Question 28

Alpha waves frequenCy

Answer 28

8- 12 Hz

Question 29

Beta waves frequency

Answer 29

More than 12

Question 30

Theta waves frequency

Answer 30

4-7 Hz

Question 31

Frequency of dominant rhythms in infants

Answer 31

3 Hz

Question 32

% of normal EEGs in patients with absence

Answer 32

30%

Question 33

% of normal EEGs in patients with Grand Mal

Answer 33

50%

Question 34

8- 12 Hz range distributed widely over the hemispheres rather than in its normal location posteriorly

Answer 34

Alpha coma

Question 35

Abnormal VEP

Answer 35

> 118ms or difference of 9

Question 36

Fraction of MS with no history or clinical evidence of optic nerve involvement

Answer 36

1/3

Question 37

Exists in close to 20% of individuals, axons from median nerve cross into the ulnar nerve

Answer 37

Martin- Gruber anastomosis

Question 38

Late response: SENSORY

Answer 38

H reflex

Question 39

Late response: MOTOR

Answer 39

F wave

Question 40

Time it takes for a NORMAL muscle to have decrements in RNS

Answer 40

60s

Question 41

spontaneous contraction of a single muscle fiber

Answer 41

Fibrillation

Question 42

spontaneous contraction of a group of muscle fibers

Answer 42

Fasciculation

Question 43

peristent quivering and rippling of muscles at rest

Answer 43

Myokimia

Question 44

myotonia worsens after each succuession of voluntary contractions

Answer 44

Paradoxial myotonia

Question 45

generalized form of myokimia, EMG discloses thigh frequency discharges of varying wave forms

Answer 45

Isaac syndrome

Question 46

painful muscle spasms and stiffness generated by spinal mechanism

Answer 46

Stiffman syndrome

Question 47

Polyphasic MUAP normal in how many % of individuals

Answer 47

10%

Question 48

Rain falling on a tin roof

Answer 48

Early recruitment

Question 49

Variability of the interpotential interval of successive discharges of two single muscle fibers belonging to the same motor unit

Answer 49

Jitter

Question 50

Abdominal fat pad biopsy important in what disease

Answer 50

Amyloidosis