CH14: Deafness, Dizziness, Disquilibrium

Question 1

End organ of hearing

Answer 1

Spiral Organ of Corti

Question 2

sensory epithelium located on hillocks in the dilated openings of the semicircular canals (p. 303)

Answer 2

Cristae ampularis

Question 3

sensory epithelium located on hillocks in the dilated openings of the utricle and sacule (p. 304)

Answer 3

Maculae acusticae

Question 4

Brodman area of the primary auditory cortex (p. 306)

Answer 4

Brodman Area 41

Question 5

lesion of cortical deafness (p. 306)

Answer 5

geniculocortical fasciculi

Question 6

Superior vestibular nuclei (p. 306)

Answer 6

Bechterew

Question 7

Lateral vestibular nuclei (p. 306)

Answer 7

Deiters

Question 8

Medial vestibular nuclei (p. 306)

Answer 8

Schwalbe

Question 9

Inferior vestibular nuclei (p. 306)

Answer 9

Spinal

Question 10

Lesions here impairs verticality, body orientation and movement (p.307)

Answer 10

Posterior insula

Question 11

Frequency of tuning fork used for Weber (p. 308)

Answer 11

512 Hz

Question 12

heightened perception of loudness once the threshold for hearing has been exceeded (p. 308)

Answer 12

Recruitment

Question 13

defect in frequence discrimination that is manifest by a lack of clarity of spoken syllables of perception of music as out of tune (p. 308)

Answer 13

Diplacusis

Question 14

threshold percentage of words not heard for speech discrimination indicating a retrocochlear lesion (p. 309)

Answer 14

less than 30%

Question 15

In audiometry, which types has retrocochlear implications? (p. 309)

Answer 15

Type III and IV

Question 16

subjective tinnitus, common persistent form that arises in the middle or inner ear, associated with chochlear damage (p. 309)

Answer 16

tonal tinnitus

Question 17

superior canal dehiscence (p. 310)

Answer 17

Lloyd Minor syndrome

Question 18

Meniere’s tinnitus– low pitched or high pitched? (p. 310)

Answer 18

Low pitched

Question 19

dysacusis, tinnitus, sensorineural deafness + vitiligo, poliosis, iritis, retinal depigmentation, recurrent meningitis (p. 312)

Answer 19

Vogt Koyanagi Harada

Question 20

Pure word deafness localization (p. 312)

Answer 20

Left temporal lobe

Question 21

mutation in this gene found in half of recessive familal cases of pure deafness (p. 313)

Answer 21

Connexin 26 on Chromosome 13 (GJB2)

Question 22

Deafness from mitochondrial disorders (p. 313)

Answer 22

Kearns Sayre, MELAS, Wolfram

Question 23

absence of otic capsule and eigth nerve (p. 313)

Answer 23

Michel defect

Question 24

incomplete development of the bony and membranous labyrinth and spinal ganglion (p. 313)

Answer 24

Mondini defect

Question 25

membranous cochleosaccular dysplasia with atrophy of the vestibular and chochlear nerves (p. 313)

Answer 25

Scheibe defect

Question 26

reflexes to check for hysterical deafness (p. 313)

Answer 26

cochleo- orbicular reflex and psychogalvanic skin reflex

Question 27

loud sound, yawning, produces a brief sensation of vertigo or tilting of the environment, attributed to thining of the roof of the superior SSC (p. 317)

Answer 27

Tullio phenomenon

Question 28

Infarct of this artery maybe indistinguishable from a vertigo caused by a labyrinthine disorder (p. 318)

Answer 28

Posterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery

Question 29

In labyrinthine disease, the unidirectional nystagmus fast phase is SAME or OPPOSITE to the saide of the impaired labyrinth? (p. 318)

Answer 29

OPPOSITE

Question 30

requires the patient to march in place with eyes closed and arms stretched; execessive rotation to AWAY from the diseased side (p. 319)

Answer 30

Unterberger- Fukuda Maneuver

Question 31

UF Maneuver if labytinthine: AWAY or TOWARD the affected side? (p. 319)

Answer 31

AWAY

Question 32

UF Maneuver if cerebellar: AWAY or TOWARD the affected side? (p. 319)

Answer 32

TOWARD

Question 33

Bilateral irrigation of cold water. Where is the fast component of the nystagmus? (p. 319)

Answer 33

UPWARD

Question 34

Main pathologic changes in Meniere's disease (p. 320)

Answer 34

Increase in volume of endolymph and distention (endolymphatic hydrops)

Question 35

episodic deafness without vergico (p. 320)

Answer 35

chochlear Meniere syndrome

Question 36

T/F In BPPV, vertigo is accompanied with oscillopsia and nystagmus; rapid components AWAY from the affected ear (p. 321)

Answer 36

TRUE

Question 37

T/F Changing from a recumment to a sitting postition reverses the direction of vertigo and nystagmus (p. 321)

Answer 37

TRUE

Question 38

In 90% of cases, the posteriror SCC is implicated; in 10% which canal? (p. 321)

Answer 38

lateral

Question 39

Risk of Epley maneuver (p. 323)

Answer 39

Conversion of Posterior SCC to Lateral SCC

Question 40

Epley maneuver substitute involving sitting, sidelying, sitting (p. 324)

Answer 40

Brandt Daroff Exercises

Question 41

Sitting and turned 45 degrees to one side, then drops laterally to side lying position on the opposite ear (p. 323)

Answer 41

Semont Maneuver

Question 42

What differentiates vestibular neuritis from Meniere's disease (p. 324)

Answer 42

In VN, the symptoms can last for days

Question 43

portion of the vestibular pathway that is primarily affected by vestibular neuritis (p. 324)

Answer 43

Superior portion of vestibular nerve trunk

Question 44

Labyrinthine infarction component of a stroke syndrome from occlusion of this artery (p.325)

Answer 44

Anterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery

Question 45

associated with vertigo, tinnitus, nystagmus and rapidly progressive deafness. Prognosis for vision is good; for hearing and balance poor. (p. 325)

Answer 45

Nonsyphilitic interstitial keratitis

Question 46

Vertigo and nystagmus induced by pressure in the external ear canal (p. 325)

Answer 46

Fistula test

Question 47

Attacks of vertigo followed by intense unilateral and often suboccipital headache and vomiting (p. 326)

Answer 47

basilar artery migraine

Question 48

Symptomatic treatment for attacks of familial vestibulocerebellar syndrome (p. 327)

Answer 48

Acetazolamide