Ch.1

Question 1

Ben Franklin organized first fire company in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, in _________

Answer 1

1736

Question 2

Over last 2 centuries ______ and _____ have led to modifications in strategies and tactics.

Answer 2

• major improvements in technology

- standards

Question 3

________, _______, ______, _______, and _______ have had a major impact on fire service in last 30 years.

Answer 3

• Technological advances
• increased fire-based research
• increased education
• industry wide focus on safety
• improved standards

Question 4

A broad, general statement of what needs to be accomplished;

Answer 4

• Strategy

* Strategies are designed to meet incident priorities

Question 5

More specific functions designed to meet the strategic goals:

Answer 5

Tactics

Question 6

The method used to meet the tactic is called the ________

Answer 6

Tactical method

Question 7

Large extensive fires are known as:

Answer 7

Conflagrations

Question 8

Regardless of the resources available, the ________ and ______ on the fire ground DO NOT CHANGE.

Answer 8

• strategic golas

- objectives

Question 9

________ and _______ change drastically.

Answer 9

• tactics

- tactical methods

Question 10

__________ are a critical concern, because they have a direct impact on the effectiveness of the unit and the safety of the fire fighters.

Answer 10

Staffing levels

*Impact the ability to meet strategic goals

Question 11

New fire resistive materials such as ______ and _______ have thermal protection that breaths.

Answer 11

• Nomex

- Kevlar

Question 12

_________ mandates breathing apparatus be worn in IDLH (Immediately Dangerous to Life and Health) environment.

Answer 12

OSHA Standard 1910

Question 13

Personal Alert Devices sound at a high decibel when a fire fighter stops moving for _______ seconds

Answer 13

20-30 sec

Question 14

____________ in Emmitsburg, Maryland has been a catalyst for advanced formal education and research in the fire service.

Answer 14

• National Emergency Training Center

- specifically National Fire Academy (NFA)

Question 15

The NFA is funded by the federal government and is part of the _______________

Answer 15

USFA (United States Fire Administration)

Question 16

The USFA is organizationally a component of the __________________, under the Department of Homeland Security DHS)

Answer 16

Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA)

Question 17

President George W. Bush established the Office Of Homeland Security in ____________, and created the Department of Homeland security in ____________

Answer 17

• 2001 (OHS)

- 2002 (DHS)

Question 18

The NFA was originally created in ____________

Answer 18

1974

Question 19

The NFA was originally created in 1974 as a result of the _______________

Answer 19

Federal Fire Prevention and Control Act of 1974

Question 20

The Federal Fire Prevention and Control Act of 1974 was the outcome of the landmark document ________________

Answer 20

America Burning: The Report of the National Commission on Fire Prevention and Control.

Question 21

America Burning document is available through the ________

Answer 21

USFA

Question 22

________ provides advanced level education, such as Executive Fire Officer Program (EFOP), and other baccalaureate programs such as Degrees at a Distance Program (DDP)

Answer 22

NFA

Question 23

__________ is an online degree program that has agreements with seven (7) colleges and Universities throughout the country.

Answer 23

Degrees at a Distance Program (DDP)

Question 24

The NFA established the ____________ to ensure a high standard of core curriculum in associates and baccalaureate programs in the fire service among college and universities.

Answer 24

(FESHE) Fire and Emergency Service Higher Education

*Information on FESHE can be obtained at USFA website

Question 25

Many state and individual departments will pay an educational incentive for those who __________

Answer 25

earn a degree

Question 26

A national campaign is under way to require _____________ in all new homes.

Answer 26

residential sprinkler systems

Question 27

In some buildings the sprinkler and standpipe are both supplied by the same __________

Answer 27

siamese

Question 28

Approximately, ______ fire fighters lose their lives each year.

Answer 28

100

Question 29

The ______________ investigates every fire fighter death in the United States.

Answer 29

National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)

Question 30

________ has printed a fire fighter death autopsy protocol for medical examiners to use.

Answer 30

NFA

Question 31

In addition to actual autopsy details, the NFA protocol describes the procedure for __________________

Answer 31

securing the personal protective clothing of deceased fire fighter

Question 32

Before this fire the term Bowstring Truss was not nationally known?

Answer 32

1988 fire in Hackensack, New Jersey

Question 33

Actual fire service deaths are detailed annually by various agencies such as ________, ________, and _______

Answer 33

- IAFF - NFPA - USFA

Question 34

Of the 100 deaths per year, ________ are due to fire fighter STRESS.

Answer 34

Half

Question 35

_________ says that departments must have a fitness program.

Answer 35

NFPA 1500: Fire Department Occupational Safety and Health Programs

Question 36

Civilian deaths have influenced changes in codes. One of best examples of this was _______________. 492 people died as result of:

Answer 36

- Cocoanut Grove Fire in Boston, Massachusetts in 1942 - flammable decorations - inadequate exits - overcrowding

Question 37

Some code changes that resulted from the Cocoanut Grove fire brought _________ to the attention of firefighters.

Answer 37

interior finishes

Question 38

Modern building materials and contents typically burn ______ as hot as older style homes made and furnished of wood and natural fibers.

Answer 38

twice as hot

Question 39

As general rule, fire fighters should not aggressively fight interior structure fires for more than the time it takes to expand _________ SCBA cylinders, WITHOUT rehabilitation.

Answer 39

(2) 30 minute cylinders

Question 40

Philadelphia FD test of 750 members, average work time for a 30 minute bottle was ____________

Answer 40

12 min 50 sec *This time changes drastically depending on weather conditions, heat of fire, specific job functions, and physical abilities

Question 41

Effects of _______ and _______ are not a consideration in the design of truss members.

Answer 41

- fire | - heat

Question 42

Lightweight trusses are usually made of _________ engineered into a series of triangles (chord and web).

Answer 42

2 x 4

Question 43

In lightweight trusses, 2 x 4's are held together will small metal plates, called ________

Answer 43

gusset plates

Question 44

Gusset plates have ______ inch protruding spikes stamped in them to attach to the wood

Answer 44

1/4"

Question 45

Trusses are lined up on bearing walls _______ inches apart to create skeleton of roof.

Answer 45

16 to 24 inches

Question 46

A 2008 study conducted by _________ found that lightweight wood structural components consistently failed faster than older, traditional building techniques.

Answer 46

Underwriters Laboratories

Question 47

_________ is a building style in which no fire stops are located between floors or attic spaces.

Answer 47

Balloon Frame

Question 48

The key to adapting strategy and tactics to the various types of building materials and architectural and engineering changes is _______________

Answer 48

preincident planning

Question 49

CNG =

Answer 49

Hydrogen Compressed Natural Gas

Question 50

When was the NFPA established:

Answer 50

1896 | *They accomplish their mission through codes and standards, public education, advocacy, professional development.

Question 51

In _______ NIOSH began to investigate fire fighter line-of-duty deaths.

Answer 51

1997