Ch.10: Photosynthesis

Question 1

is the process that converts solar energy into chemical energy
Directly or indirectly, XXXXX nourishes almost the entire living world

Answer 1

photosynthesis

Question 2

The energy that maintains almost all life on Earth comes from

Answer 2

the sun

Question 3

Reactants and Products of Photosynthesis

Answer 3

Reactants: Carbon dioxide &water
Products: Sugar, Water, & Oxygen

Question 4

Characteristics of Autotrophs

Answer 4

sustain themselves without eating anything derived from other organisms
PRODUCERS: producing organic molecules from CO2 &other inorganic molecule

Question 5

Almost all plants are ____________, using the energy of sunlight to make organic molecules from H2O and CO2

Answer 5

photoautotrophs

Question 6

the entire range of electromagnetic energy, or radiation

Answer 6

electromagnetic spectrum

Question 7

consists of wavelengths (including those that drive photosynthesis) that produce colors we can see

Answer 7

visible light

Question 8

What color light does not get absorbed by photosynthesis

Answer 8

green

Question 9

Wavelength and Energy correlation

Answer 9

longer wavelength = low energy

shorter wavelength = high energy

Question 10

is the main photosynthetic pigment

Answer 10

chlorophyll

Question 11

Accessory pigments, such as __________, broaden the spectrum used for photosynthesis

Answer 11

chlorophyll b

Question 12

Accessory pigments called _________ absorb excessive light that would damage chlorophyll

Answer 12

carotenoids

Question 13

Where does photosynthesis take place?

Answer 13

chloroplast

Question 14

are the major locations of photosynthesis, contain the majority of chloroplast

Answer 14

leaves

Question 15

Chloroplasts are found mainly in cells of the ________, the interior tissue of the leaf

Answer 15

mesophyll

Question 16

true or false. Only leaves contain chloroplast

Answer 16

False. Green stems also contain some chloroplasts

Question 17

Photosynthesis consists of the _______ _____ (the photo part) and ______ _______ (the synthesis part)

Answer 17

light reactions & Calvin cycle

Question 18

The light reactions (in the thylakoids) include:

Answer 18

Split H2O
Release O2
Reduce NADP+ to NADPH
Generate ATP from ADP

Question 19

The Calvin cycle: (C3 Pathway

Answer 19

Carbon-Fixation Reactions
ATP and NADPH from light reactions are used to synthesize sugars
Carbon from CO2 is used 
Enters through stomata 
Occurs in the stroma

Question 20

Antenna Complex:

Answer 20

Contains 250-400 pigment molecules
Gather and funnel light energy to a Reaction Center
Allows for light energy to be converted to chemical energy

Question 21

Under hot, arid conditions, leaves lose water by evaporation through openings in the leaves called

Answer 21

Stomata

Question 22

To prevent excessive water loss what occurs in the stomata

Answer 22

Stomata will close to conserve water, but Carbon dioxide can not enter.

Question 23

Define C4 Plants

Answer 23

Do use Calvin cycle but are capable of storing carbon in a 4-C organic molecule
Cycles are separated into different cells
Carbon is pumped into Calvin cycle
More energy is required to fix carbon
Less water is lost to photorespiration

Question 24

Characteristics and example of C4 plants

Answer 24

Evolved in the tropics, Adapted to high light, High temps, Arid climates
Many grasses:Maize,Sugarcane,Sorghum

Question 25

CAM Photosynthesis

Answer 25

Crassulacean acid metabolism
These plants use C4 and Calvin cycle
Reactions are separated in time not location
Stomata are only open at night when temps. are cooler.
Succulents
Cacti

Question 26

________ made in the chloroplasts supplies chemical energy and carbon skeletons to synthesize the organic molecules of cells

Answer 26

sugar

Question 27

The energy entering chloroplasts as sunlight gets ______ as chemical energy in organic compounds

Answer 27

stored

Question 28

Plants store excess sugar as_______ in structures such as roots, tubers, seeds, and fruits

Answer 28

starch