Ch.16: Molecular basis of inheritance Flashcards
The discovery of the genetic role of DNA began with research by _______ ________. He described “Transformation”
Used two strains of bacteria and mice
Discovered that some substance could be transferred between cells
The transferred substance changed their nature
Frederick Griffin in 1928
Who discoveredthat genes are located on chromosomes,
the two components of chromosomes, DNA and proteins became obvious candidates as the genetic material
T.H Morgan
The role of DNA in heredity was first discovered by
studying bacteria and the viruses that infect them
Such viruses, called ___________, are widely used in molecular genetics research
bacteriophages/phages
In 1952, who performed experiments showing that DNA is the genetic material?
They designed an experiment showing that viruses injected DNA into E. coli cells
They concluded that the injected DNA of the phage provides the genetic information for viral replication
Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase
Who were using a technique called X-ray crystallography to study molecular structure
Maurice Wilkins and Rosalind Franklin
Franklin’s X-ray crystallographic images showed that
DNA was
helical
Who deduced the width of the helix and the spacing of the nitrogenous bases
James Watson
The width suggested that the DNA molecule was made up of two strands, forming a
double helix
state that in a given species there is approximately an equal amounts of A and T bases, and an equal number of G and C bases
Chargaff’s rule
In 1953, James Watson and Francis Crick what was introduced?
Introduced an elegant double-helical model for the structure of deoxyribonucleic acid
A celebrated discovery
DNA is a polymer of
nucleotides
DNA consist of
nitrogenous base
sugar
phosphate group
each strand acts as a template for building a new strand in replication
two strands of DNA are complentary
What happens In DNA replication
the parent molecule unwinds, and two new daughter strands are built based on base-pairing rules
