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Medical Term. Ch12-Ch22, Vocab. & Abbv. > Ch12 Vocab. & Abbrev. > Flashcards

Ch12 Vocab. & Abbrev. Flashcards

(92 cards)

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1
Q

adenoids

A

lymphatic tissue in the nasopharynx;
pharyngeal tonsils

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2
Q

alveolus, alveoli

A

air sac in the lung

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3
Q

apex of the lung

A

tip or upperrmost portion of the lung.

An apex is the tip of a structure.

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4
Q

base of the lung

A

lower portion of the lung

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5
Q

bronchioles

A

smallest branches of the bronchi.

Terminal bronchioles lead to alveolar ducts.

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6
Q

bronchus, bronchi

A

branches of the trachea(windpipe) that is a passageway into the lung;

bronchial tube

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7
Q

carbon dioxide (CO2)

A

gas produced by the body cells when oxygen and carbon atoms from food combine;

exhaled through the lungs

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8
Q

cilia

A

thin hairs attached to the mucous membrane epithelium lining the respiratory tract.

They clear foreign substances from the lung.

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9
Q

diaphragm

A

muscle separating the chest and the abdomen. It contracts to pull air into the lungs and relaxes to push air out.

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10
Q

epiglottis

A

lid-like piece of cartilage that covers the larynx, preventing food from entering the larynx and trachea during swallowing

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11
Q

exhalation

A

breathing out; expiration

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12
Q

hilum of the lung

A

midline region where the bronchi, blood vessels, and nerves enter and exit the lungs.

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13
Q

inhalation

A

breathing in; inspiration

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14
Q

larynx

A

voice box;
containing the vocal cords

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15
Q

lobe

A

division of the lung

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16
Q

mediastinum

A

region between the lungs in the chest cavity.

Contains trachea, heart, lymph nodes, major blood vessels, esophagus, and bronchial tubes.

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17
Q

nares

A

opening through the nose carrying air into the nasal cavities;

nostrils

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18
Q

oxygen (O2)

A

gas that makes up 21% of the air that we breathe.

Passes into the bloodstream at the lungs and travels to all body cells.

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19
Q

palatine tonsil

A

one of a pair of almond-shaped masses of lymphatic tissue in the oropharynx

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20
Q

paranasal sinus

A

one of the air cavities in the bones near the nose

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21
Q

parietal pleura

A

outer layer of pleura lying closer to the ribs and chest wall

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22
Q

pharynx

A

throat;

including the nasopharynx, oropharynx, and laryngopharynx

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23
Q

pleura

A

double-layered membrane surrounding each lung

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24
Q

pleural cavity

A

space between the layers of the pleura

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25
pulmonary parenchyma
essential parts of the lung, responsible for respiration; bronchioles and alveoli
26
respiration
exchange of gases (oxygen and carbon dioxide) at the lung capillaries (external respiration or breathing) and at the tissue capillaries (internal respiration)
27
trachea
windpipe
28
visceral pleura
inner layer of pleura lying closer to the lung tissue.
29
anthracosis
coal dust accumulates in the lungs
30
asbestosis
asbestos particles accumulate in the lungs
31
bacilli/bacillus
rod-shaped bacteria
32
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
chronic condition of persistent obstruction of air flow through bronchial tubes and lungs. Caused by smoking, air pollution, chronic infections and in some cases asthma.
33
cor pulmonale
failure of the right side of the heart to pump a sufficient amount of blood to the lungs because of underlying lung disease
34
exudates
fluid, cells, and other substances (pus) that filter from cells or capillaries ooze into lesions or areas of inflammation.
35
infiltrate
collection of fluid or other material within the lung, as seen on a chest film, CT scan, or other radiologic image.
36
palliative
relieving symptoms, but not curing the disease
37
paroxysmal
pertaining to a sudden occurrence, such as a spasm or seizure; oxysm/o means sudden
38
pulmonary infarction
area of necrosis (death of lung tissue)
39
purulent
containing pus
40
silicosis
disease due to silica or glass dust in the lungs; occurs in mining occupations
41
ABGs
Arterial Blood Gases
42
AFB
Acid-Fast Bacillus type of organism that causes tuberculosis
43
ARDS
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome severe sudden injury caused by acute illness
44
BAL
Bronchoalveolar Lavage
45
Bronch
Bronchoscopy
46
CF
Cystic Fibrosis
47
CO2
Carbon Dioxide
48
COPD
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease airway obstruction associated w/ emphysema and chronic bronchitis
49
CPAP
Continuous Positive Airway Pressure
50
CPR
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation using CAB; Circulation (external compressions), Airway (tilting head), Breathing (mouth to mouth)
51
C&S
Culture and Sensitivity testing
52
CTPA
Computed Tomography Pulmonary Angiogram
53
CT-PE
Chest CT for Pulmonary Emboli
54
CXR
Chest X-Ray
55
DLCO
Diffusion Capacity of the Lung for Carbon Monoxide
56
DOE
Dyspnea On Exertion
57
DPT
Diphtheria, Pertussis, Tetanus Toxoids for vaccination of infants, to provide immunity to these diseases
58
EBUS
Endobronchial ultrasound
59
FEV1
Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 second
60
FVC
Forced Vital Capacity amount of gas that can be forcibly and rapidly exhaled after a full inspiration
61
ICU
Intensive Care Unit
62
LLL
Left Lower Lobe (of lung)
63
LUL
Left Upper Lobe (of lung)
64
MAC
Mycobacterium Avium Complex cause of a noncontagious lung infection related to tuberculosis
65
MDI
Metered-Dose Inhaler to deliver aerosolized medications to patients
66
NSCLS
Non-small cell Lung Cancer
67
O2
Oxygenn
68
OSA
Obstructive Sleep Apnea
69
PaCO2
Carbon Dioxide Partial Pressure measure of the amount of carbon dioxide in arterial blood
70
PCP
Pneumocystis Pneumonia seen in patients with AIDS or other immunosuppression
71
PE
Pulmonary Embolism
72
PEP
Positive Expiratory Pressure mechanical ventilator strategy; patient takes deep breath and exhales through a device resisting air flow
73
PEEP
Positive End-Expiratory Pressure mechanical ventilator setting which airway pressure is maintained above atmospheric pressure
74
PFTs
Pulmonary Function Test
75
PND
Paroxysmal Nocturnal Dyspnea
76
PPD
Purified Protein Derivative substance used in tuberculosis testing
77
RDS
Respiratory Distress Syndrome in newborn; marked by dyspnea and cyanosis, related to absence of surfactant; also called hyaline membrane disease
78
RLL
Right Lower Lobe (of lung)
79
RML
Right Middle Lobe (of lung)
80
RSV
Respiratory Syncytial Virus Common cause of bronchiolitis, bronchopneumonia and common cold
81
RUL
Right Upper Lobe (of lung)
82
RV
Residual Volume amount of air in the lungs at the end of a max. expiration
83
SABA
Short-Acting Beta Agonist for relief of asthma symptoms
84
SCLC
Small Cell Lung Cancer
85
SOB
Shortness Of Breath
86
TB
Tuberculosis
87
TLC
Total Lung Capacity volume of gas in the lungs at end of max. inspiration =VC+RV
88
URI
Upper Respiratory Infection
89
Vt
Tidal Volume amount of air inhaled and exhaled during normal ventilation
90
VATS
Video-Assisted Thoracic Surgery
91
VC
Vital Capacity max. volume of air expelled from lung after taking the deepest breath possible
92
V/Q scan
Ventilation-perfusion Scan radioactive test of lung ventilation and blood perfusion throughout lung capillaries

Medical Term. Ch12-Ch22, Vocab. & Abbv. (13 decks)

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